英語代詞有哪些？
2024-04-04 12:48:43 來源：中國教育在線
很多同學(xué)都很關(guān)注英語代詞有哪些？這個(gè)問題，那么接下來就跟著中國教育在線小編一起來看看吧，相信你通過以下的文章內(nèi)容就會(huì)有更深入的了解。
英語代詞有哪些？代詞的分類。
①不定代詞(Indefinite Pronoun ): neither, either, others, none, somebody, something, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing, everybody, everything
?、谌朔Q代同(Personal Pronoun):you, they, them, she, her
③反身代同(Reflexive Pronoun):yourself, herself, ourselves
?、芪镏鞔?Possessive Pronoun):your, yours, her, hers, theirs
?、菹嗷ゴ?Reciprocal Pronoun):each other, one another, both
⑥疑問代同:Who (ever), whom (ever), whose
?、哧P(guān)系代同:who, whom, as, which
?、嘀甘敬?this, that, these, those
代詞易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
英語中的人稱代詞及相關(guān)的物主代詞、反身代詞等并不復(fù)雜，一般中國學(xué)生掌握得也都比較好。值得引起大家注意的有以下三點(diǎn):
(1)代同和它的先行詞要注意在性、數(shù)和人稱上一致，即男/女性的先行詞用男/女性的代詞，單/復(fù)數(shù)的先行詞用單/復(fù)數(shù)的代詞，第一、二、三人稱的先行詞用第一、二、三人稱的代詞，如:
(誤)Look, she sat there watching. By no means easy were the emotions of him.
(正)Look, she sat there watching. By no means easy were the emotions of her.
(誤)Those of us were beside themselves with excitement as the day of our holiday approached.
(正)Those of us were beside ourselves with excitement as the day of our holiday approached.
(誤)When you love someone, you want to share your life with her, don't you?
(正)When you love someone, you want to share your life with him/her, don't you?
(2)代詞的主格和賓格形式不同，要注意選用正確的形式，如:
(誤)Who's prepared to work overtime besides he?
(正)Who's prepared to work overtime besides him/himself?
(3)代詞的詞形一般來說是不容易混淆的，但有時(shí)試題會(huì)杜撰一個(gè)根木不存在的詞形來迷惑考生。
(誤)Brinsley said that he prepared to give theirselves and me a pint of stout apiece.
(正)Brinsley said that he prepared to give themselves and me a pint of stout apiece.
不定代詞
(1)英語中有兩個(gè)可用以泛指人的不定代詞:one和you。它們都可用來表示“無論誰，人人”這樣的意思，但要注意在同一句子中不能既用one，又用you，只能擇一而用，一用到底，如:
(誤)One should be responsible for your words.
(正)One should be responsible for one's words.
(正)One should be responsible for his words.
(2) someone是個(gè)很普通的不定代詞，它的解釋是“某人”，而不是“某些人”，所以盡管它包括有some，但卻是單數(shù)的代詞，絕不可作復(fù)數(shù)用。
(誤)Someone in some cultures do not eat a balanced diet, but use limited food sources.
(正)Some people in some cultures do not eat a balanced diet, but use limited food sources.
(誤)Someone point out that any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims ofeducation.
(正)Some people point out that any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aimsof education.
(正)Someone points out that any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims ofeducation (3) someone和anyone的區(qū)別也要注意，大多數(shù)語法書都解釋說:someone用于肯定句，anyone用于否定句和疑問句，但這種說法不夠全面，注意下面這兩個(gè)例子:
(誤)Did anyone tell you about him?
(正)Did someone tell you about him?
anyone純粹表示疑問;someone則含有肯定意義，即說話人認(rèn)為或猜想有人告訴了“你”，用在提問中只不過是想證實(shí)一下而已。
(誤)Someone warm-hearted will be ready to help you.
(正)Anyone warm-hearted will be ready to help you.
anyone還有“任何人”的意思，木句中就是采用的這個(gè)詞義。
(4)注意不定代詞everyone和every one +n.的區(qū)別。everyone是一個(gè)很普通的不定代詞，解釋“人人，大家”，但動(dòng)詞要求用單數(shù)。every和one分開寫，后面再跟上一個(gè)單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，實(shí)際上是every加上那個(gè)名詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，強(qiáng)調(diào)“每一個(gè)”這個(gè)概念，因此和不定代同everyone實(shí)際上是沒有共同之處的，因此:
(誤)Everyone man knows that even the most carefully devised systems are not proof againsterrors.
(正)Everyone knows that even the most carefully devised systems are not proof againsterrors.
(正)Every one man knows that even the most carefully devised systems are not proof against。
(誤)They were killed. everyone man of them.
(正)They were killed, every one of them.
(5) other和another的區(qū)別。這兩個(gè)詞都可以譯成“另一個(gè)”。但要清楚，other用于兩個(gè)人或物中的另一個(gè)時(shí)，它前面必須有定冠同the，如果沒有則算錯(cuò)。
(誤)We have visited the two famous attractions in Beijing; one is the Forbidden City andother is the Great Wall.
(正)We have visited the two famous attractions in Beijing; one is the Forbidden City andthe other is the Great Wall.
another用于三個(gè)以上的人或物中的另一個(gè)，它前面永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有定冠同:
(誤)Bad luck goes through all his life. Recently he has failed in the another competition.
(正)Bad luck goes through all his life. Recently he has failed in another competition.
other用以指兩個(gè)人或物時(shí)，只可能用單數(shù)，如I have two brothers. One is a soldier;the other is a teacher。但other也可用于指多數(shù)的人或物被分成兩組或兩類后其中的一組或一類。這時(shí)other前面仍必須有定冠詞the, other用復(fù)數(shù)形式others?！ ?誤)I must consult the other about the matter.
(正)I must consult the others about the matter.
此時(shí)的the others相當(dāng)the rest，或者說是the other+n.的省略。
another只修飾可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞，它后面永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，且不修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
如果你注意到another這個(gè)詞是由an十other構(gòu)成的，那么這一點(diǎn)就不難理解了，因此:
(誤)We need another information before we can reach a decision.
(正)We need another piece of information before we can reach a decision.
(誤)Apart from the fish market, there are another developments being planned for the area.
(正)Apart from the fish market, there are other developments being planned for the area.
關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系代詞指的是which, that, who, whom, whose這幾個(gè)連接定語從句和主句的代詞。
在使用中應(yīng)該注意的地方有兩點(diǎn):
(1)what可用于連接名詞性從句，如賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句等，但它不能作關(guān)系代詞，不能引導(dǎo)定語從句，定語從句前出現(xiàn)了what肯定有錯(cuò)，如:
(誤)Children should eat things what are good for them.
(正)Children should eat things that are good for them.
(誤)They talked of persons and things what they remembered in the school.
(正)They talked of persons and things that they remembered in the school.
(2)關(guān)系代詞前面常會(huì)出現(xiàn)介詞或限定修飾語，這對(duì)考生辨認(rèn)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)帶來干擾。
在英語學(xué)習(xí)中，遇到這種情況，首先弄清被定語從句修飾的先行詞究竟是哪一個(gè)，關(guān)系代詞用得對(duì)不對(duì)，然后再看介詞用得對(duì)不對(duì)，因?yàn)榻橥怯上刃性~決定的;遇到關(guān)系代詞前有限定性的同語，可以先不看限定性的詞語，弄清先行詞后，再看該限定性詞語用于限定先行同是否合適，如:
(誤)Museums what every country and government spares no effort or money on illuminate the culture, history and arts of the world.
(正)Museums which every country and government spares no effort or money on illumi history and arts of the world.
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