托?？谡Z范文task4
2024-04-21 13:38:38 來源：中國教育在線
隨著人們經濟水平的提高，對于很多家庭來說，留學不再是一個可望而不可及的事情，許多人都想要留學，那其中托?？谡Z范文task4？針對這個問題，下面中國教育在線小編就來和大家分享一下。
托?？谡Z范文task4模板
In the lecture， the professor mainly talked about the theory that_______.
To reinforce the theory， the professor gave two examples / reasons in his speech. The first one is that_______. The other one is that______.
And that’s the two examples / reasons the speaker presented to explain his/her idea. (The conclusion is optional. )
托福口語Task4聽力題目及滿分范文
托福綜合口語Task4聽力原文
Chaining Behavior
Many everyday human behaviors are made up of a sequence of several simpler behaviors. In order to teach children to perform these complex behaviors, parents sometimes use a technique called chaining. First, parents identify each of the simpler component behaviors and determine the order in which these simpler behaviors are performed. Parents then start with the first task in the chain. When the child has mastered that element, parents then teach the second element together with the first and reinforce this effort. When these are performed satisfactorily, they move on to elements one, two, and three and so on, adding one behavior at a time. The behaviors are not taught in isolation; hence the term “chain.”
托福綜合口語Task4聽力題目
Question：Using the example of washing hands, explain the concept of chaining behavior.
托福綜合口語Task4滿分范文：
Chaining behavior is a technique used by parents to teach children a sequence of complex behaviors. For example, professor taught his daughter how to wash her hands. He divided this complex behavior into 5 steps, and taught his daughter one step at a time. He first showed his daughter step 1 and practiced it with her for a couple of days. When she has mastered this action, he showed her step 2 and let her practice both steps for another few days until she can do both by herself. Then he added the third step after, and also let her practice for a while until she can do them all. For the last two steps, he did the same thing as the previous three steps. Finally she could finish the hand washing all by herself.
托?？谡Ztask4分析
丨閱讀文本：
Reference Groups
Our thinking and behavior are often influenced by other people. When we admire and respect someone, we naturally try to imitate their behavior and attitudes. Groups of people whom we admire and whose behavior and attitudes we tend to imitate are known as reference groups. Reference groups provide a model –a frame of reference –that can shape how we think and behave. Over the course of a lifetime, we may be influenced by many different reference groups. As we grow older, or encounter new circumstances, our reference groups may change, and our attitudes and behavior may change accordingly.
我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，定義句是第三句話，此外還有一句關鍵信息句即最后一句，表示我們的參考人群是會變化的。因此閱讀筆記應該記下的三個關鍵詞是：admire, imitate, change。
聽完教授的例子(聽力文本見附文)，我們知道了教授前后分別崇拜和模仿了兩種人，并且兩個例子的結構是一致的：先是總結他們的dressing style，再是admire，然后imitate。我們其實可以對應著記下相應的邏輯主干：
我們要在60秒的答題時間中復述出來的信息其實就是三個關鍵詞對應的兩個例子的主干信息，其余的信息例如art students穿休閑服飾的場景，或是教授和co-workers經常去哪里玩，其實都是不需要說的，因為和整個概念的邏輯主干無關。
因此，這道題我們可以這樣答：
The professor explained Reference Groups in the lecture. It refers to the people whom we admire and imitate. He raised his own experience as anexample. When he began his university studies, he met some art students. He found that they often wore T-shirt, jeans, and sneakers andhe thought they were really cool. So the professor also began to wear T-shirt, jeans, and sneakers.Later, when he graduated and got a job in Chicago, he noticed that his youngco-workers would all dress up nicely when they hang out. They often wore nice clothes like fashionable dresses and button-up shirts. The professor thought they looked really classy and sharp, and he began to imitate them. So, the professor’s reference group changed from the art students to his co-workers.
同學們明白了嗎?說不完或者筆記太亂的原因很可能是你搞錯重點啦。
最后，我們來總結一下Task4抓重點的三個步驟：閱讀材料抓關鍵，聽力筆記找對應，例子復述挑主干。
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