美國斯坦福大學(xué)基本介紹

2023-04-10 15:39:50 來源：中國教育在線

美國斯坦福大學(xué)基本概況，相信這個問題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個問題，那么下面小編就來和大家說一說，感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。

美國斯坦福大學(xué)基本介紹

　　一、關(guān)于斯坦福大學(xué)

　　斯坦福大學(xué)(Stanford University)，全名小利蘭·斯坦福大學(xué)，或譯作史丹佛大學(xué)，通常直接稱作斯坦福大學(xué)，坐落于美國加利福尼亞州斯坦福市，是一所享譽(yù)世界頂尖的私立研究型大學(xué)。

　　該校校區(qū)位于加利福尼亞州的帕羅奧圖(Palo Alto)，與舊金山相鄰，占地35平方公里，是美國面積第二大的大學(xué)，與哈佛大學(xué)并列為美國東西兩岸的學(xué)術(shù)重鎮(zhèn)。

　　該校培養(yǎng)了眾多高科技產(chǎn)品的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者及創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的人才，這其中就包括惠普、谷歌、雅虎、耐克、羅技電子、特斯拉汽車、Firefox、藝電、太陽微系統(tǒng)、NVIDIA、思科、硅谷圖形及eBay等公司的創(chuàng)辦人，校友涵蓋30名富豪企業(yè)家及17名太空員，亦為培養(yǎng)最多美國國會成員的院校之一;斯坦福校友創(chuàng)辦了眾多著名的公司機(jī)構(gòu)，共58名諾貝爾獎得主現(xiàn)或曾于該校學(xué)習(xí)或工作。

　　根據(jù)美國《福布斯》雜志2010年盤點的億萬富翁最多的大學(xué)，斯坦福大學(xué)名列第二，億萬富翁數(shù)量達(dá)28位，僅次于哈佛大學(xué)，諾貝爾獎得主最多的前十所世界名校之一。

　　二、歷史沿革

　　Stanford University was founded in 1885 by California senator Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane, “to promote the public welfare by exercising an influence in behalf of humanity and civilization.”

　　When railroad magnate and former California Gov. Leland Stanford and his wife, Jane Lathrop Stanford, lost their only child, Leland, Jr., to typhoid in 1884, they decided to build a university as the most fitting memorial, and deeded to it a large fortune that included the 8,180-acre Palo Alto stock farm that became the campus. They made their plans just as the modern research university was taking form.

　　Leland Stanford Junior University – still its legal name – opened Oct. 1, 1891.

　　The Stanfords and founding President David Starr Jordan aimed for their new university to be nonsectarian, co-educational and affordable, to produce cultured and useful graduates, and to teach both the traditional liberal arts and the technology and engineering that were already changing America.

　　Their vision took shape on the oak-dotted fields of the San Francisco Peninsula as a matrix of arcades and quadrangles designed for expansion and the dissolving of barriers between people, disciplines and ideas.

　　From the start, stewardship of the founders’ extraordinary land gift has helped support university endeavors, and has made room for a multiplicity of institutes, schools and laboratories that cross-fertilize each other with innovations that have changed the world. Computer time-sharing, the first isolation of highly purified stem cells and the first synthesis of biologically active DNA, among many other breakthroughs, all originated at Stanford.

　　The early years were difficult, however, as even the Stanfords’ wealth proved inadequate to their vision. After her husband’s death, Jane Stanford kept the fledgling university open through her leadership. The 1906 earthquake dealt a further blow, killing two people and destroying several campus buildings, some so new they had never been occupied.

　　University benefactor and trustee Herbert Hoover, future U.S. president and member of Stanford’s Pioneer Class of 1895, professionalized university operations in the 1920s and helped to put Stanford on a sound financial footing. He founded an institute to collect global political material – today’s Hoover Institution Library and Archives – and led the creation of the Graduate School of Business, both now world leaders in their respective fields.

　　斯坦福大學(xué)創(chuàng)辦于1885年，由加州參議員利蘭·斯坦福和他的妻子簡創(chuàng)立，旨在“代表人類和文明發(fā)揮影響，增進(jìn)公共福利?！?/p>

　　當(dāng)鐵路富豪兼前加州參議員利蘭·斯坦福和他的妻子簡萊斯羅普斯坦福于1884年(因傷寒)失去他們的唯一的孩子的時候，他們決定創(chuàng)辦一所大學(xué)，以此作為做好的紀(jì)念。他們立契轉(zhuǎn)讓了一筆巨資，包括 8,180英畝的帕洛阿爾托畜牧場。此牧場后來成為了斯坦福大學(xué)校園。從他們的計劃中誕生了現(xiàn)代研究型大學(xué)的雛形。

　　小利蘭·斯坦福大學(xué)——仍然是它的合法名字——于1891年10月1日開放。

　　斯坦福夫婦和創(chuàng)會主席戴維·斯塔爾·喬丹的目標(biāo)是讓他們新創(chuàng)辦的大學(xué)成為一所非宗派、男女同校的實惠的大學(xué)，培養(yǎng)有文化、有實際用處的畢業(yè)生，教授傳統(tǒng)人文學(xué)科和在當(dāng)時已對美國社會發(fā)生影響的技術(shù)和工程學(xué)科。

　　他們的理念在橡木林立的舊金山半島上成形，成為了擴(kuò)展和消除人與人之間、學(xué)科之間和思想流派之間的障礙的基石。

　　學(xué)校創(chuàng)辦的初期是困難的，因為斯坦福夫婦的財產(chǎn)不夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)他們的理念。在斯坦福時候，他的妻子簡斯坦福繼續(xù)帶領(lǐng)學(xué)校。1906年的地震則讓學(xué)校雪上加霜。兩人遇難，好幾棟教學(xué)樓倒塌，有些才剛剛建成，來不及住人就倒塌了。

　　捐助人兼信托人赫伯特·胡佛(也是后來的美國總統(tǒng)，在1895年加入斯坦福先鋒班)在上個世紀(jì)20年代對斯坦福大學(xué)的運作進(jìn)行專業(yè)改造，改善了學(xué)校的財務(wù)處境。他成立了一個收集全球政治材料的機(jī)構(gòu)，即今天的胡佛研究所圖書檔案館，成立了商學(xué)研究生院。圖書檔案館和商學(xué)研究生院如今均在各個的領(lǐng)域里世界領(lǐng)先。

　　三、教研情況

　　Undergraduate Education

　　Stanford Undergrad is your guide to undergraduate academics and opportunities run by the Vice Provost for Undergraduate Education.

　　Explore the more than 65 major fields of undergraduate study at Stanford.

　　Approximately 7,000 undergraduate students attend Stanford. Learn more about the undergraduate program and student body.

　　Graduate Studies

　　Office of the Vice Provost for Graduate Education

　　The VPGE office works collaboratively across the University to ensure that every graduate student has the best possible education.

　　Today, more than 9,300 master’s, doctoral, and professional degree students are pursuing graduate degrees in all seven of Stanford’s schools. Learn more about graduate studies at Stanford.

　　About research

　　From Nobel Prize winners to undergraduates, all members of the Stanford community are engaged in creating new knowledge.

　　Stanford has 18 designated independent laboratories, centers and institutes, that provide a physical and intellectual intersection between schools and disciplines. These interdisciplinary institutes are in line with Stanford's longstanding tradition of crossing boundaries to tackle large problems, engaging faculty and their students in collaborations that range from international and economic studies to challenges facing the environment, energy and health.

　　The designated independent laboratories, center and institutes are directed by the Vice Provost and Dean of Research, Dr. Ann Arvin.

　　Stanford Neurosciences Institute (SNI)

　　The goal of the Stanford Neurosciences Institute is to understand how the brain gives rise to mental life and behavior.

　　Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford (FSI)

　　FSI is devoted to understanding the problems, policies, and processes that cross international borders and affect lives around the world.

　　本科生教育

　　Stanford Undergrad可作為你的本科學(xué)業(yè)和機(jī)會的向?qū)?，由本科教育副校長經(jīng)管。

　　斯坦福大學(xué)在本科階段有超過65個專業(yè)。

　　斯坦福大學(xué)有將近7千名本科生。你可以了解更多關(guān)于斯坦福大學(xué)本科生課程和學(xué)生群體方面的信息。

　　研究生學(xué)習(xí)

　　研究生教育副校長辦公室

　　研究生教育副校長辦公室在斯坦福大學(xué)有合作，確保每位研究生擁有最好的教育。

　　目前，斯坦福大學(xué)有9300名學(xué)生在攻讀碩士學(xué)位、博士學(xué)位和專業(yè)學(xué)位，他們分布在斯坦福大學(xué)的七個研究生院。你可以了解更過關(guān)于斯坦福大學(xué)研究生學(xué)習(xí)方面的信息。

　　研究方面

　　從諾貝爾獎獲得者到本科生，斯坦福大學(xué)的所有成員都參與知識的創(chuàng)造。

　　斯坦福大學(xué)有18個指定的獨立實驗室、研究中心和研究所，在學(xué)院和學(xué)科之間提供了物理意義和知識意義上的交集。這些跨學(xué)科研究中心和研究所與斯坦福大學(xué)長久以來的跨學(xué)科傳統(tǒng)吻合。在跨學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)上解決一些重大的問題，讓老師和學(xué)生參與包括國際研究、經(jīng)濟(jì)研究、環(huán)境、能源和衛(wèi)生等領(lǐng)域在內(nèi)的合作中。

　　指定的獨立的實驗室、研究中心和研究所由副校長兼研究生院長的艾阿爾文博士領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。

　　斯坦福神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究所

　　斯坦福神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究所的目標(biāo)是理解大腦如何影響精神生活和行為。

　　Freeman Spogli斯坦福國際研究所

　　Freeman Spogli斯坦福國際研究所致力于理解跨越邊界的有世界影響的問題、政策和進(jìn)程。

　　School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences

　　Stanford Earth scientists work to gain a better understanding of our planet’s history and its future, the energy and resource base that supports society, geologic hazards that impact a growing population, a changing climate, and the challenge of sustainability. We use a variety of methods and tools to address our research questions, including field work, laboratory and experimental studies, and computer modeling.

　　Some of our faculty and students focus on the history and structure of the Earth, the physics and chemistry of earth materials, the processes that cycle those materials on a global scale, and the interaction of human activities with geological processes and resources. Others combine the principles of physics and geology to explore the Earth using seismic waves, electromagnetic fields, satellite data, and rock physics, and to address questions about global earth structure, earthquakes and fault mechanics, volcanic processes, surface deformation, and groundwater contamination. Others build on a foundation of engineering principles to explore a variety of aspects of Earth’s energy resources, including optimizing oil recovery from petroleum reservoirs, carbon capture and sequestration, efficient geothermal energy extraction, and non-traditional energy resources. Finally, some go beyond the disciplines within the School of Earth, Energy & Environmental Sciences to combine science fundamentals with the economic, societal, and political expertise necessary for the investigation of complex environmental problems caused by human activities in interaction with natural changes in the Earth system.

　　School of Engineering

　　Stanford Engineering has been at the forefront of innovation for nearly a century, creating pivotal technologies that have transformed the worlds of information technology, communications, health care, energy, business and beyond.

　　The school’s faculty, students and alumni have established thousands of companies and laid the technological and business foundations for Silicon Valley. Today, the school continues to seek solutions to important global problems and educate leaders who will make the world a better place.

　　Our mission is to seek solutions to important global problems and educate leaders who will make the world a better place by using the power of engineering principles, techniques and systems. We believe it is essential to educate engineers who possess not only deep technical excellence, but the creativity, cultural awareness and entrepreneurial skills that come from exposure to the liberal arts, business, medicine and other disciplines that are an integral part of the Stanford experience.

　　地球、能源與環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院

　　斯坦福的地學(xué)者致力于更好地理解地球的歷史和地球的未來，理解為社會提供支持的能源和資源，影響日益增長的人口的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害，氣候變化和可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。我們借助各種方法和工具解決我們研究的問題，包括野外考察、實驗研究和計算機(jī)模擬。

　　學(xué)院的部分師生集中和學(xué)習(xí)和研究氣球的歷史、結(jié)構(gòu)，地球物質(zhì)的物理和化學(xué)成分，這些物質(zhì)在全球的循環(huán)過程，以及人類活動與地址過程和資源的相互關(guān)系。其他人則綜合物理學(xué)和地質(zhì)學(xué)的基本原理，借助地震波、電磁場、衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)和巖石物理學(xué)探索地球，解決全球地址結(jié)構(gòu)、地震、斷層力學(xué)、火山過程、表面變形和地下水污染方面的問題。其他人則根據(jù)工程原理探索地球能源資源的各個方面，包括石油儲集層采油、碳捕獲和隔離、地?zé)崮芨咝Ｌ崛『头莻鹘y(tǒng)能源資源。最后，還有一些人超越地球、能源和環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)院的學(xué)科界限，將基本科學(xué)原理同經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會和政治專業(yè)知識結(jié)合。在此基礎(chǔ)上，考察地球系統(tǒng)中的由人類活動和自然變遷互動造成的復(fù)雜環(huán)境問題。

　　工程學(xué)院

　　斯坦福大學(xué)工程學(xué)院在過去近一百年時間里一直走在創(chuàng)新前沿，創(chuàng)造了許多核心技術(shù)，對信息技術(shù)、通訊、保健護(hù)理、能源和商務(wù)等領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生了重大影響。

　　工程學(xué)院的老師、學(xué)生和校友成立了上千家公司，為硅谷奠定了技術(shù)和商業(yè)基礎(chǔ)。如今，工程學(xué)院仍在努力尋找一些重要的全球性問題的解決辦法，在努力將學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成能夠改善世界的領(lǐng)袖。

　　工程學(xué)院的使命是通過借助工程原理、技術(shù)和制度的力量，努力尋找一些重要的全球性問題的解決辦法，將學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成能夠改善世界的領(lǐng)袖。我們相信，將學(xué)生培養(yǎng)成具備深厚技能的工程師還不夠，還有必要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造能力、文化意識和創(chuàng)業(yè)技能。創(chuàng)造能力、文化意識和創(chuàng)業(yè)技能是通過人文學(xué)科、商務(wù)、醫(yī)學(xué)和其他學(xué)科的學(xué)習(xí)得來的，這些都是你在斯坦福學(xué)習(xí)體驗的一部分。

　　School of Humanities and Sciences

　　The School of Humanities and Sciences (H&S) is the center of a world-class liberal arts education at Stanford University.

　　H&S encompasses 23 departments—from art and art history, English, and history to economics, mathematics, and biology—as well as 23 interdisciplinary programs.

　　As the university’s largest school, H&S serves as the foundation of a Stanford undergraduate education no matter which discipline students pursue as a major. All undergraduates take a range of courses in H&S that challenge them to think critically about the world and their roles in it.

　　Graduate students work alongside world-renowned faculty to pursue and shape foundational research that leads to breakthroughs and discoveries that shed new light on the past, influence the present, and shape the future.

　　Together, faculty and students in H&S engage in inspirational teaching, learning, and research every day.

　　School of Medicine

　　A leader in the biomedical revolution, Stanford Medicine has a long tradition of leadership in pioneering research, creative teaching protocols and effective clinical therapies.

　　Our close proximity to the resources of the university — including the Schools of Business, Law, Humanities and Sciences, and Engineering, our seamless relationship with our affiliated adult and children’s hospitals, and our ongoing associations with the entrepreneurial endeavors of Silicon Valley, make us uniquely positioned to accelerate the pace at which new knowledge is translated into tangible health benefits.

　　School of Education

　　Stanford Graduate School of Education is a leader in pioneering new and better ways to achieve high-quality education for all. Faculty and students engage in groundbreaking and creative interdisciplinary scholarship that informs how people learn and shapes the practice and understanding of education. Through state-of-the-art research and innovative partnerships with educators worldwide, the school develops knowledge, wisdom and imagination in its diverse and talented students so they can lead efforts to improve education around the globe.

　　人文與科學(xué)學(xué)院

　　斯坦福大學(xué)人文與科學(xué)學(xué)院是世界級的文科教育中心。

　　人文與科學(xué)學(xué)院包含23個部門和23個跨學(xué)科項目。其中，23個部門涵蓋藝術(shù)、藝術(shù)史、英語、歷史、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和生物等領(lǐng)域。

　　人文與科學(xué)學(xué)院是斯坦福大學(xué)規(guī)模最大的學(xué)院，是斯坦福本科教育的基石，無論學(xué)生選擇哪個學(xué)科作為專業(yè)。所有的本科生都學(xué)習(xí)人文與科學(xué)學(xué)院的課程。這些課程可以激發(fā)他們批判性地思考世界，以及他們在其中的角色。

　　人文與科學(xué)學(xué)院的研究生則和世界知名的教員共事，從事并改造基礎(chǔ)研究?；A(chǔ)研究會引起一些突破和發(fā)現(xiàn)，后者又可以讓人們獲得關(guān)于過去的新的眼光，可以影響當(dāng)下、改變未來。

　　人文與科學(xué)學(xué)院的師生同事，參與日常的鼓舞人心的教學(xué)、學(xué)習(xí)和研究。

　　醫(yī)學(xué)院

　　醫(yī)學(xué)院是生物醫(yī)學(xué)革命的引領(lǐng)者，在開創(chuàng)新研究、教學(xué)計劃創(chuàng)新和有效臨床治療等領(lǐng)域長期領(lǐng)先。

　　醫(yī)學(xué)院臨近商學(xué)院、法學(xué)院、人文與社會科學(xué)學(xué)院和工程學(xué)院等資源，同附屬的成人和兒童醫(yī)院有密切的聯(lián)系，和硅谷的創(chuàng)新企業(yè)有持續(xù)的聯(lián)絡(luò)，因此在加速新知識向切實的健康福利轉(zhuǎn)化方面，醫(yī)學(xué)院有著獨特的地位。

　　教育學(xué)院

　　斯坦福大學(xué)教育研究生院在開創(chuàng)高質(zhì)量教育新方法和更佳方法方面是一個引領(lǐng)者。學(xué)院的師生參與突破性的創(chuàng)新性的跨學(xué)科學(xué)術(shù)研究。這樣的研究彌漫在人們的學(xué)習(xí)方法中，對影響著教育的實踐和理解。通過高端研究和與世界各地教育者建立的創(chuàng)新伙伴關(guān)系，教學(xué)學(xué)院在其多樣化的有才能的學(xué)生中間培育知識、智慧和想象力，以便他們有能力改善全球教育。

　　四、校園設(shè)施

　　Anderson Collection

　　Stanford University has become home to the core of the Anderson Collection, one of the world’s most outstanding private assemblies of modern and contemporary American art.

　　The collection is a gift from Harry W. and Mary Margaret Anderson and Mary Patricia Anderson Pence, the Bay Area family who built the collection over the last 50 years.

　　Stanford Health Care

　　Stanford Medicine delivers unparalleled care for each patient’s unique needs. Our multidisciplinary approach to health care coordinates expertise with the most advanced technology for the best possible outcomes.

　　Stanford Children's Health

　　Stanford Children’s Health is the only health care network in the Bay Area – and one of the few in the country – exclusively dedicated to pediatric and obstetric care.

　　安德森收藏中心

　　斯坦福大學(xué)是安德森收藏中心的核心基地，后者則是世界最著名的美國現(xiàn)當(dāng)代藝術(shù)收藏中心之一。

　　該收藏中心是哈利W. 和瑪麗瑪格麗特安德森以及瑪麗帕特里夏·安德森便士海灣家族的一個禮物，是他們創(chuàng)辦了該收藏中心。收藏中心已有50年歷史。

　　斯坦福保健護(hù)理中心

　　斯坦福保健護(hù)理中心根據(jù)每位病人的獨特需求提供無與倫比的照理。我們的多學(xué)科保健護(hù)理研究方法結(jié)合了最高端技術(shù)方面的知識，以期產(chǎn)生最好的可能的結(jié)果。

　　斯坦福兒童護(hù)理中心

　　斯坦福兒童護(hù)理中心是舊金山灣區(qū)僅有的保健護(hù)理網(wǎng)絡(luò)，也是美國為數(shù)不多的保健護(hù)理網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心，致力于兒科和產(chǎn)科護(hù)理。

　　五、著名校友

　　赫伯特·克拉克·胡佛美國第31任總統(tǒng)

　　沃倫·邁納·克里斯托弗美國國務(wù)卿

　　朱棣文美籍華人，1997年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎獲得者，前美國能源部部長

　　埃胡德·巴拉克以色列總理，國防部長