劍橋雅思閱讀答案解析UK companies need more effective boards of directors

劍橋雅思12 Test8 Passage3閱讀答案解析

第27題答案：iv

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：A段：blame has been spread far and wide.Governments,regulators,central banks and auditors have all been in the frame.The role of bank directors and management and their widely publicised failures

答案解析：A段中提到，政府、管理者、中央銀行、審計(jì)者、銀行領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和管理都受到批評(píng)，認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該為經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)負(fù)責(zé)。這些機(jī)構(gòu)正好對(duì)應(yīng)iv選項(xiàng)中的many external bodies，由此確定答案。

第28題答案：ii

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：B段：At the simplest and most practical level,the time involved in fulfilling the demands of a board directorship has increased significantly…Furthermore,the amount of reading and preparation required for each meeting is increasing

答案解析：B段列舉了檢視所帶來(lái)的影響，一方面，完成董事會(huì)職責(zé)所需要的時(shí)間有了大幅度增長(zhǎng)；另一方面，每次會(huì)議的閱讀和準(zhǔn)備量也在增加。由此確定ii選項(xiàng)為答案。

第29題答案：vi

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：C段：Often,board business is devolved to committees in order to cope with the workload,which may be more efficient but can mean that the board as a whole is less involved in fully addressing some of the most important issues.

答案解析：C段開(kāi)頭提到，董事會(huì)的事務(wù)可以交給委員會(huì)來(lái)進(jìn)行，這樣效率更高，但意味著董事會(huì)在解決最重要的問(wèn)題上參與變少。vi選項(xiàng)中risk對(duì)應(yīng)but轉(zhuǎn)折，take part in對(duì)應(yīng)involve，solve major problems對(duì)應(yīng)address important issues，由此確定答案。

第30題答案：viii

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D段：A radical solution…is the professional board,whose members would work up to three or four days a week,supported by their own dedicated staff and advisers.

答案解析：D段提出了一種解決方案，即建立專業(yè)董事會(huì)，其成員每周工作三到四天，由專業(yè)員工和顧問(wèn)提供幫助。對(duì)應(yīng)viii選項(xiàng)，改變董事會(huì)運(yùn)行模式的提議，由此確定答案。

第31題答案：vii

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E段：One of the main criticisms of boards and their directors is that they do not focus sufficiently on longer-term matters

答案解析：E段開(kāi)頭就提到，針對(duì)董事會(huì)及領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的主要匹配之一是他們不夠關(guān)注長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)事務(wù)。vii選項(xiàng)中l(wèi)ooking與focus對(duì)應(yīng)，enough與sufficiently對(duì)應(yīng)，ahead與longer term對(duì)應(yīng)，由此確定答案。

第32題答案：i

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F段：Compensation for chief executives has become a combat zone

答案解析：原文中提到，對(duì)首席執(zhí)行官的補(bǔ)償?shù)臓?zhēng)論一直比較激烈。i選項(xiàng)中disputes對(duì)應(yīng)combat，financial arrangements對(duì)應(yīng)compensation，senior managers對(duì)應(yīng)chief executives，由此確定答案。

第33題答案：iii

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：G段：Boards of companies in all sectors will need to widen their perspective to encompass these issues and this may involve a realignment of corporate goals.

答案解析：G段提到，公司所有部門的董事會(huì)都將需要拓寬視野以全面思考這些問(wèn)題，這也許會(huì)牽扯到企業(yè)目標(biāo)的整改。選項(xiàng)中能夠與之對(duì)應(yīng)的只有iii。

第34題答案：YES

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：A段：Following the 2008 financial meltdown…The role of bank directors and management and their widely publicised failures have been extensively picked over and examined in reports,inquiries and commentaries.

答案解析：其實(shí)這道題哪怕不去找對(duì)應(yīng)原文，直接根據(jù)文章主題也可以很容易的判斷為YES。畢竟整篇文章都講的是2008年經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)之后，對(duì)董事會(huì)的仔細(xì)核查。

第35題答案：NOT GIVEN

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：無(wú)

答案解析：原文雖然確實(shí)提到了銀行的管理失職，但并沒(méi)有將其跟其他機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行比較，由此確定答案為NOT GIVEN。

第36題答案：NO

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：C段：It is not uncommon for the audit committee meeting to last longer than the main board meeting itself

答案解析：原文中提到，董事會(huì)議往往還不如執(zhí)行功能的某個(gè)委員會(huì)開(kāi)會(huì)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。題干中as long as necessary的描述與此相抵觸，由此判斷答案為NO。

第37題答案：NO

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：C段：board business is devolved to committees…but can mean that the board as a whole is less involved in fully addressing some of the most important issues.

答案解析：根據(jù)原文描述，如果采用委員會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的話，董事會(huì)對(duì)重大事務(wù)的參與會(huì)變少，而不是fully informed，由此確定答案為NO。

第38題答案：information

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D段：the executives had access to information that part-time non-executive directors lacked,leaving the latter unable to comprehend or anticipate the 2008 crash.

答案解析：根據(jù)2008這一年份定位到A段和D段，再根據(jù)non-executive directors鎖定D段，lack of與lack對(duì)應(yīng)，根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，確定答案為information。

第39題答案：financial

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E段：One of the main criticisms of boards and their directors is that they do not focus sufficiently on longer-term matters of strategy,sustainability and governance,but instead concentrate too much on short-term financial metrics.

答案解析：根據(jù)too much和short-term定位到E段的這句話。emphasis on跟concentrate同義替換，由此確定答案為financial。

第40題答案：shareholders/investors

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F段：Many would argue that this is in the interest of transparency and good governance as shareholders use their muscle in the area of pay to pressure boards to remove underperforming chief executives

答案解析：根據(jù)pay定位到F段，題干問(wèn)的是，董事會(huì)必須接受誰(shuí)的意見(jiàn)。整段話中填上去語(yǔ)義合適的只有shareholders或者investors，由此確定答案。

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