劍橋雅思16Test4Task2寫作范文及解析

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劍橋雅思16Test4Task2寫作范文及解析

范文題目：

In the future all cars,buses and trucks will be driverless.The only people travelling inside these vehicles will be passengers.Do you think the advantages of driverless vehicles outweigh the disadvantages?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

參考范文1

The statement says that the future vehicles will all be autonomous and that all the people in them will be passengers rather than having some safety drivers.The essay below will show why I believe that the advantages of this new and inevitable technology will far outweigh the disadvantages.

To begin with,I think that one of the biggest advantages is that of the next step in technological advancement that it is forcing.This technology needs to be perfect and cannot have any errors in the code due to the associated safety concerns,and it is driving,so to speak,the next level of machine learning and AL Without it,many current,more everyday things might not be possible,including some shopping apps,VR developments and GPS technology.

The other huge advantages that are perhaps more relevant are the potential elimination of traffic jams and high-speed road travel.Although we are still a long way off having a truly driverless road system,I think that it will mean the end of traffic jams,high-speed road travel,and a huge reduction in CO2 emissions,as I can foresee that these vehicles will be either electric or using some kind of tclean,fuel that hasn't been developed yet.This will also help workers be more relaxed when they arrive at work,boost the economy because of the improved efficiency and improve the environment from not using fossil fuels.

In conclusion,for the reasons I have listed above,I believe that any disadvantages that can be thought of cannot possibly match the short,medium and long term benefits that this technology can bring to us.(272 words)

有觀點認為未來的交通工具將是全自動化的，車里所有的人都是乘客，而沒有安全駕駛員。本文中我將闡明這種不可避免的新技術(shù)所帶來的好處為何會遠遠超過其弊端。首先，我認為其中一個最大的好處是它所催生的下一階段的技術(shù)進步。這一技術(shù)需要非常完善，它不能有任何代碼上的問題，這事關(guān)安全，并且可以說，它也推動著下一步機器學習和人工智能的發(fā)展。沒有了它，現(xiàn)在許多的日常事物可能都不會實現(xiàn)，包括一些購物應用、虛擬現(xiàn)實應用和GPS技術(shù)。

另一個可能更重要的巨大優(yōu)勢是它會消除交通擁堵、促進高速交通的發(fā)展。雖然我們距離真正的無人駕駛交通體系還有很長的路要走，但我認為它將意味著交通擁堵的終結(jié)、高速交通的發(fā)展以及二氧化碳排放的大幅減少，因為我可以預見這些交通工具要么會是電動的，要么會使用某種現(xiàn)在尚未開發(fā)出來的“清潔”燃料。這還將幫助工作者們在開始工作時更加放松;促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，因為效率提高了;避免使用化石燃料，改善環(huán)境。

總之，基于上述種種原因，我認為人們所能想到的任何劣勢都抵不過這種技術(shù)將帶給我們的短期、中期和長期的好處。

參考范文2

Vehicles,including cars,buses,and trucks,have transformed the world in all sorts of unexpected ways.They have provided much personal freedom,but in return,they have imposed enormous costs.People working on driverless vehicles normally see their chief benefits as mitigating those costs,particularly road accidents,pollution,and congestion.Driverless vehicles,however,cannot offer all the advantages of vehicles without the drawbacks.

There is evidence that driverless vehicles are safer.They may significantly decrease deaths and injuries from road accidents,even allowing drivers to text to their heart's content without imperilling anyone,as they have superhuman perception and can slam on the brakes in less than a millisecond,against a second or so for human drivers.In addition,to make good use of much lower operating costs per mile,most autonomous vehicles(AVs)are almost certain to be electric,which will lessen harmful emissions of two kinds:particulates,which bring about lung and heart diseases,and climate-changing greenhouse gases.AVs can also decrease congestion.If robotaxis are affordable and fast,people will want to rely on them more.The widespread sharing of vehicles would make much better use of road space

However,AVs come with their costs.With the advent of AVs,unemployment may be widespread,as there would no longer be a need for most professional drivers,such as cars,buses or truck drivers.AVs may also infringe on freedom by invading people's privacy.Robotaxi operators will record their riders'every move,so they will get to know much about them in the end.Furthermore,AVs rely heavily on different systems receiving and sending signals.If the systems are hacked or break down,it may mean unforeseen consequences such as traffic accidents.However,with better understanding of AI and proper planning,such costs may be minimized,and enormous benefits comparable to the progress from horses to cars are awaiting us.

Given the above analysis,it is clear that the benefits of driverless vehicles outweigh the disadvantages.If we put the advantages and the undesirable consequences in perspective,we should embrace AVs around the corner.(346 words)

汽車、公交車、卡車這樣的交通工具以種種意想不到的方式改變了世界面德。它們使人們更力口自由，但反過來，它們也帶來巨大的代價。那些研究無人駕駛交通工具的人通常認為它們主要的優(yōu)點是能減少這類損失，尤其是交通事故、污染和交通擁堵。然而，無人駕駛交通工具帶來種種好處的同時，也會造成一些問題。

有證據(jù)表明，無人駕駛交通工具更安全。它們可以極大地降低交通事故中的傷亡率，司機甚至可以在不危及他人的情況下隨心所欲地發(fā)短信，因為它們有著超越人類的感知能力，相較于人類司機的一秒左右的反應時間，它們能夠在不到一毫秒的時間內(nèi)啟動剎車。此外，利用每英里更低的用車成本，自動駕駛交通工具(AV)幾乎可以肯定都是電動的，這會減少兩種有害物質(zhì)的排放：會導致肺部和心臟疾病的顆粒物，以及造成氣候變化的溫室氣體。自動駕駛交通工具也可能會減少交通擁堵。如果自動駕駛出租車便宜又快捷，人們就會更依賴它們。這種車輛共享的流行會使道路使用更高效。

然而，自動駕駛交通工具也是有代價的。自動駕駛交通工具的到來會造成大規(guī)模失業(yè),因為很可能不需要專業(yè)的駕駛員了，如轎車、公交車或卡車駕駛員。自動駕駛交通工具還會介入人們的隱私、侵犯個人自由。自動駕駛出租車的操作系統(tǒng)會錄下乘車人的每個舉動,最終對他們幾乎無所不知。而且，自動駕駛交通工具極度依賴不同的系統(tǒng)以接收和發(fā)送信號。如果這些系統(tǒng)被入侵或崩潰，這可能意味著不可預見的后果，如交通事故。然而，隨著人們對人工智能的了解越來越深入，加上正確的規(guī)劃，這些代價可能會被降到最低，迎接我們的巨大進步將可與馬車到汽車的變遷相媲美。

基于上述分析，顯然，無人駕駛交通工具利大于弊。如果我們正確地看待這些好處與不良后果，我們就會欣然接受即將到來的自動駕駛交通工具。

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