sat語(yǔ)法考試做題順序
2023-10-14 16:07:53 來(lái)源:中國(guó)教育在線
sat語(yǔ)法考試做題順序,相信這個(gè)問題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個(gè)問題,那么下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)一說(shuō),感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。
sat語(yǔ)法考試做題順序
1.抓住明顯錯(cuò)誤進(jìn)行排除
首先大家需要尋找劃線部分是否有明顯的語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤或邏輯錯(cuò)誤,有的話?cǎi)R上排除,再縱向?qū)ふ掖鸢?,把選項(xiàng)中沒有改正這些錯(cuò)誤的都給排除掉。
例:The benefits of exercise is as psychological as physical.
(A) is as psychological as physical
(B) are more than psychological, they’re physical
(C) are as much psychological as physical
(D) have psychological aspects as well as the physical ones
(E) is psychological in parts and physical as well
我們可以看出這道題目的主語(yǔ)是benefits是復(fù)數(shù),所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù),但這里謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù),所以馬上把A排除掉,縱向?qū)ふ掖鸢?,發(fā)現(xiàn)E沒有改正錯(cuò)誤,D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤的換了時(shí)態(tài),所以都錯(cuò)了。比較B和C選項(xiàng),B選項(xiàng)的意思不對(duì)而且顯得比較多余累贅,所以答案選C。
2. 利用??伎键c(diǎn)作為切入點(diǎn)
有時(shí)大家如果把一些常考考點(diǎn)給記住的話,就可以大大提高解題的速度。比如在SAT語(yǔ)法當(dāng)中,劃線部分經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤就是代詞指代不清和限定性從句的引導(dǎo)詞指代混亂。因此如果劃線部分出現(xiàn)了這兩類詞的話,在未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候,我們就應(yīng)該以這兩類詞為切入點(diǎn),通過(guò)確認(rèn)其真實(shí)指代對(duì)象和語(yǔ)法指代對(duì)象是否一致來(lái)排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。
例:The automobile, popularized by Henry Ford, was invented around the same time as the Wright brothers developed the airplane, and it is an important method of transportation.
(A) The automobile, popularized by Henry Ford, was invented around the same time as the Wright brothers developed the airplane, and it
(B) The automobile, popularized by Henry Ford, was invented around the same time as the Wright brothers developed the airplane, and
(C) Invented around the same time were the automobile, popularized by Henry Ford and the airplane, which the Wright brothers developed, and it
(D) The automobile popularized by Henry Ford. Was inverted around the same time as the Wright brothers developed the airplane and this is why it
(E) An invention around the same time as the Wright brothers developed the airplane, the automobile, popularized by Henry Ford, it
我們一起來(lái)分析一下這道題目,題干說(shuō)由HF所推廣的汽車,與W兄弟所發(fā)明的飛機(jī)差不多在同一時(shí)間,它是一種重要的交通方法。大家發(fā)現(xiàn)劃線部分的最后一個(gè)詞it就犯了模棱兩可的錯(cuò)誤,它既可以指代汽車,又可以指代飛機(jī),所以A錯(cuò),同樣C, D, E也都有it,所以也不對(duì)。答案應(yīng)該選擇B選項(xiàng),把it給去掉了,這樣就避免了指代不明的錯(cuò)誤。
sat語(yǔ)法題的做題思路
1. 逗號(hào)原則
逗號(hào)原則是指逗號(hào)不能用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)句子,它只起語(yǔ)氣停頓的作用??忌衫眠@條原則迅速對(duì)考題做出判斷,找到問題所在。有三種方法解決逗號(hào)引導(dǎo)句子的問題:用分號(hào);用連詞;把其中一個(gè)句子變成非限定結(jié)構(gòu)。
e.g. before reading the front page of the newspaper, my sister reads the sports section, my brother reads the comics first.
c. before reading the front page of the newspaper, my sister reads the sports section; my brother reads the comics first.
原題中的第二個(gè)逗號(hào)明顯有問題,因?yàn)槎禾?hào)前后都是完整的句子,所以我們可以研判,答案選項(xiàng)中哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)解決了這個(gè)問題,哪個(gè)就是正確選項(xiàng)。
2. 一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句必須具備一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)
我們用這條原則來(lái)判斷一段文字是否是完整的句子,或僅僅是一個(gè)片段。對(duì)這條原則的一般應(yīng)用為:我們判斷試題中是不是具備謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞即可。這條原則在SAT語(yǔ)法解題中大有用武之地,考生應(yīng)認(rèn)真掌握。
e.g. directed by george wolfe, the broadway musical bring in da noise, bring in da funk telling how tap dancing evolved from the african american experience in the decades following the civil war. no error
這道題需將telling改為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式,否則整個(gè)句子沒有動(dòng)詞。
3. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)找句子主語(yǔ)的原則
一般而言,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子的主語(yǔ),如果分詞結(jié)構(gòu)和句子主語(yǔ)不存在邏輯關(guān)聯(lián),則是垂懸分詞,需要加以修改。SAT對(duì)于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考察較多,只要考生掌握這一原則,便有化腐朽為神奇之功效,不用通讀全題就可直接找到正確答案。
e.g. burdened with three pieces of luggage and a pair of skis, sarah’s search for a baggage cart was desperate.
e. sarah searched desperately for a baggage cart.
這道題目中句子主語(yǔ)search和分詞burdened不具備邏輯上的關(guān)聯(lián)性,所以需將句子主語(yǔ)改為sarah才符合常理。
4.把握句子主干
能否在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)精準(zhǔn)地把握句子的主干和核心信息,是解題的關(guān)鍵所在,也是一個(gè)重要的解題思想。把握句子主干就是判斷句子的主謂部分,把同位語(yǔ)、插入語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)等次要信息拋除,從而迅速找到問題所在。
e.g. the scientific writings of edward o. wilson, stephen jay gould, and richard dawkins, which has continued the discussion of genetic issues raised by charles darwin, are familiar to many high school and college students. no error
這道題目我們用二分的思想,把整個(gè)句子分成核心信息和次要信息兩部分,很快發(fā)現(xiàn)在which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中存在主謂不一致的問題,所以有了清晰地思路才能攻城略地,無(wú)往不勝。
5. 能用名詞就不用代詞
在SAT語(yǔ)法考試中能用名詞的地方就不要用代詞,因?yàn)槊~表意更清楚,代詞多為指代不清。
e.g. until it can be replaced by a faster, more efficient, and more economical means of transportation, trucks will carry most of the freight within and through metropolitan areas. no error
這道題目中it指代的是主句主語(yǔ)trucks,但是代詞指代的數(shù)不一致。按照一般原則,在試題中代詞指代一般不會(huì)用前位指代,一般都是后位指代。
6. 判斷上下文的邏輯關(guān)系原則
英語(yǔ)表達(dá)體現(xiàn)出明顯的邏輯思維特點(diǎn),因此把握上下文的邏輯紐帶,對(duì)于把握篇章大意和作者意圖都是至關(guān)重要的,而SAT考試本身非常重視對(duì)邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)的考察。
e.g. although the english artist william blake never having painted portraits, he regarded them as merely mechanical reproductions that, despite their popularity, lacked true creativity.
e. the english artist william blake never painted portraits because he regarded them.
這道題目主要是邏輯關(guān)系混亂,從句和主句之間是因果關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以只要我們能理順原句的邏輯關(guān)聯(lián),再結(jié)合答案選項(xiàng),很快能找到正確選項(xiàng)。
7. 能用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)就不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)較主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)而言,較為晦澀,不符合SAT語(yǔ)法考察所遵循的the simplest is the best的主旨,因此在答案選項(xiàng)中兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)并存時(shí),優(yōu)先考慮主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
e.g. when we read, we first form innumerable impressions and then those impressions are uated as we read on.
b. impressions and then uate those impressions.
這道題目中句子的主語(yǔ)是we,所以后邊uate的施動(dòng)者也是句子的主語(yǔ)we,因此沒有必要使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
8. 同位語(yǔ)的優(yōu)先原則
同位語(yǔ)的修飾關(guān)系相較于其他邏輯關(guān)系,最為簡(jiǎn)潔明了,符合SAT語(yǔ)法考試“用最簡(jiǎn)短的語(yǔ)句表達(dá)最清晰的思想”的原則,因此在答案選項(xiàng)中同位語(yǔ)與其他修飾關(guān)系并存時(shí),優(yōu)先選擇同位語(yǔ)。
e.g. by attracting new industry when the old factory closed, the council kept the economy of the town from collapsing, this was a disaster many workers had feared.
d. a disaster that many workers had feared.
這道題目首先可借助逗號(hào)原則做出判斷,但逗號(hào)本身并未劃線,因而只能在后邊作以修改,而選項(xiàng)d是同位語(yǔ)的修飾關(guān)系,所以優(yōu)先選擇。
sat基礎(chǔ)要重視詞匯語(yǔ)法
中學(xué)生備考托福和SAT考試,最大的問題往往就是詞匯問題,中學(xué)詞匯約3500個(gè),托福 考查的詞匯達(dá)到5000-8000個(gè),而且包含很多特色詞匯,如冰川、火山、葉綠素、光合作用等,考生需要在掌握高中基本詞匯和四級(jí)基礎(chǔ)詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上,背 誦托福詞匯。一般建議學(xué)生以李笑來(lái)編著的《21天突破托福核心詞匯》為基礎(chǔ),如果想拿高分,還可以看一看張紅巖的《詞以類記》,拓充題材性詞匯。
SAT對(duì)于學(xué)生的詞匯量要求會(huì)更大一些,這主要由于SAT是給以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的考生設(shè)計(jì)的考試 有關(guān)。理論上來(lái)看,SAT和知名的GRE(美國(guó)的碩士研究生入學(xué)考試)相比,單詞量的要求幾乎一樣。
中學(xué)生如果準(zhǔn)備SAT考試,就要看各人基礎(chǔ)了。如果之前準(zhǔn)備過(guò)托福,比較簡(jiǎn)單,直接開始準(zhǔn)備SAT單詞即可。如果是普通中學(xué)生水平,之前沒有準(zhǔn)備過(guò)托福之類的國(guó)外考試,就來(lái)準(zhǔn)備SAT考試的學(xué)生,一定要從四級(jí)詞匯入手。因?yàn)槟壳暗腟AT單詞表大部分都不包含較簡(jiǎn)單基礎(chǔ)的四級(jí)單詞表,如果學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)沒有打好,貿(mào)然準(zhǔn)備SAT單詞會(huì)出現(xiàn)后期單詞“夾生”的情況。
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