托福連貫性閱讀技巧

現(xiàn)在留學(xué)的學(xué)生越來越多，留學(xué)可以開闊眼界，也能學(xué)習(xí)不一樣的教育體制，而且國外名校眾多，教育水平也一流。下面小編就來和大家說說“托福連貫性閱讀技巧”這個問題

如果你還記得，在托福滿分作文的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中有這么一條：

Displays unity, progression, and coherence. ( 體現(xiàn)出統(tǒng)一、遞進(jìn)、連貫的特點(diǎn))

這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求我們寫作時注意文章的連貫性。首先，什么是連貫性?連貫性是指從一個句子到另一個句子，或從一個段落到另一個段落，以清晰、合乎邏輯的方式進(jìn)行發(fā)展。

這樣寫的好處是能夠讓讀者跟隨作者的思路，一口氣的閱讀文章，同時掌握文章的主要信息。所以當(dāng)我們閱讀托福文章時，我們應(yīng)該以連貫的方式來閱讀，否則，由于缺乏聯(lián)系，我們可能會面臨只掌握部分信息而缺乏整體信息的情況。

連貫通常表現(xiàn)為兩種方式體現(xiàn):語義重復(fù)和邏輯連接。語義重復(fù)是兩句話在某個概念的延續(xù)。通過對這個概念的重復(fù)把信息延續(xù)下去。語義重復(fù)會有多種形式，比如重復(fù)某個詞，也可以出現(xiàn)某個詞的近義詞或反義詞，正如下面兩句話:

In Southwest France in the 1940’s, playing children discovered Lascaux Grotto, a series of narrow cave chambers that contain huge prehistoric paintings of animals. Many of these beasts are as large as 16 feet (almost 5 meters).

這兩句話就是通過animals和beasts的同義替換把信息延續(xù)下去。語義重復(fù)還可以通過對某部分內(nèi)容的概括或是對某部分內(nèi)容的具體展開來實(shí)現(xiàn)，就像下面的兩句話:

The animals are bulls, wild horses, reindeer, bison, and mammoths outlined with charcoal and painted mostly in reds, yellow, and brown. Scientific analysis reveals that the colors were derived from ocher and other iron oxides ground into a fine powder.

這兩句話就是通過對red, yellow, and brown的概括，即the colors實(shí)現(xiàn)了連貫性。當(dāng)然，語義重復(fù)最常用的手段還是通過代詞的靈活運(yùn)用。如以下兩句：

But note that porosity is not the same as permeability, which measures the ease with which water can flow through a material; this depends on the sizes of the individual cavities and the crevices linking them.

邏輯連接就是通過特定的邏輯關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn)出兩句話或是多句話之間的關(guān)系。常見的有因果關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、條件關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系等。這些過渡詞的使用可以使文章更加清晰流暢。因此，當(dāng)我遇到這樣的邏輯關(guān)系詞時，我應(yīng)該遵循這些邏輯關(guān)系詞所表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系來閱讀文章。

我們以TPO1 GROUNDWATER的第二段做一個綜合展示，下劃線代表的是信息延續(xù)點(diǎn)。

The necessary space is there, however, in many forms. The commonest spaces(原詞重現(xiàn)) are those among the particles(對forms具體展開)—sand grains and tiny pebbles—of loose, unconsolidated sand and gravel. Beds of this material(代詞), out of sight beneath the soil, are common.

They(代詞) are found wherever fast rivers carrying loads of coarse sediment once flowed. For example(邏輯關(guān)系), as the great ice sheets that covered North America during the last ice age steadily melted away, huge volumes of water flowed from them.

The water(原詞重現(xiàn)) was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand(對loads of coarse sediment的具體展開), known as glacial outwash, that was deposited as the flow slowed down.

那么以上就是關(guān)于托福連貫性閱讀技巧的相關(guān)內(nèi)容啦，以上內(nèi)容作為參考分享給大家，希望能幫助到有需要的同學(xué)，如果還有更多想要了解的內(nèi)容可以關(guān)注本平臺繼續(xù)瀏覽。

>> 雅思 托福 免費(fèi)測試、量身規(guī)劃、讓英語學(xué)習(xí)不再困難<<