托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)書籍類
2023-10-10 16:19:09 來(lái)源:中國(guó)教育在線
現(xiàn)在留學(xué)的學(xué)生越來(lái)越多,留學(xué)可以開闊眼界,也能學(xué)習(xí)不一樣的教育體制,而且國(guó)外名校眾多,教育水平也一流。下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)說(shuō)“托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)書籍類”這個(gè)問(wèn)題
托福 獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)書籍類
書籍類是比較??嫉降目谡Z(yǔ)話題,而其實(shí)如果學(xué)會(huì)巧妙地思路轉(zhuǎn)換并積累適當(dāng)?shù)目谡Z(yǔ)素材,我們完全可以輕松應(yīng)對(duì)所有書籍類話題。下面是小編為您整理的關(guān)于托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)書籍類素材,希望對(duì)你有所幫助。
托??谡Z(yǔ)的獨(dú)立任務(wù)部分考察學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)與意見(jiàn)的能力,其中涉及話題多樣,而由于托??荚囍荚诳疾鞂W(xué)生實(shí)際在國(guó)外讀大學(xué)會(huì)用到的英語(yǔ),它的場(chǎng)景往往設(shè)定為大學(xué)校園,因此考察話題其實(shí)也和學(xué)術(shù)文化更有關(guān)聯(lián)。
我們來(lái)看一個(gè)經(jīng)典Task 1,來(lái)自TPO1:
Talk about a book you read that was important to you for some reason. Explain why the book was important to you. Give specific details and examples to support your answer.
這個(gè)題就是需要考生描述一本重要的書籍,還要給出重要的理由。在這里,我們要知道,考官并不真的在乎我們要說(shuō)的書是什么!題目需要我們展示的是書為什么重要、如何重要,并不一定要講述書的內(nèi)容。只要我們?cè)诖痤}時(shí)留言流暢,和話題相關(guān)就可以得到不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)。
所以大家的思路轉(zhuǎn)換大法是:
1.談感受
例如:故事很有趣,我們可以這么說(shuō):The story in the book was so interesting and appealing that once I began to read it, I couldn’t stop. /The book was so fun to read that I couldn’t help laughing every time I read it. It brought me a lot of happiness.
再或者:故事很有意義,我們可以這么說(shuō):The story in the book was not only exciting but also inspiring. It taught me so much about the world we were living and showed me different ways people thought. /The story was meaningful and inspiring. It taught me to keep going and never give up, which is the most important lesson in life.
2.談功能
例如:書本可能會(huì)對(duì)你的學(xué)業(yè)有幫助,我們可以說(shuō):The book is beneficial to my academic learning. It provides much extra information on my major courses in addition to school textbooks.
又或者:此書還可能幫你交到朋友:To be honest, I met my girlfriend thanks to this book. We were sitting in the reading room next to each other and reading the same book! What a coincidence! Then we began to talk about how much we liked the writer and his books. Next thing you knew, she gave me her number!
托福口語(yǔ)描述怎么提分
一、語(yǔ)料與素材的積累
一般學(xué)生講口語(yǔ)的大腦活動(dòng)是先用中文思考,其次是根據(jù)中文所想的意思翻譯成英文單詞,再把這些單詞根據(jù)主謂賓等語(yǔ)法知識(shí)組裝成句,最后考慮單詞的發(fā)音、語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)等連詞成句。而口語(yǔ)比較好的同學(xué)往往直接想到的是英文表達(dá),然后是chunks,就是我們常說(shuō)的語(yǔ)塊,因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)是積累好的句子,不需要再考慮語(yǔ)法等因素,所以可以直接脫口而出。這就像電腦開機(jī)一樣,程序越少,速度越快。在考試之前多積累地道的語(yǔ)料而不是一味的選擇網(wǎng)上的模版,才能更加從容的面對(duì)考試來(lái)取得高分。
以2017.10.14托??谡Z(yǔ)Task 2為例:Should government limit violence and bad language on television. Do you agree or disagree?
很多學(xué)生可以會(huì)選擇disagree,原因可以是許多電影需要借助戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)來(lái)宣揚(yáng)愛(ài)國(guó)主義,而戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中又必定會(huì)涉及血腥與暴力,那么這一點(diǎn)理由為:Some movies need to express patriotism and educate citizens by wars, which contain violence and bloodiness, like Wolf Warrior 2 tells a story of a former Chinese Special Forces Operative rescuing compatriots and local friends in a war-torn region of Africa occupied by insurgents and mercenaries.這段關(guān)于《戰(zhàn)狼2》的表述來(lái)自英美人士必讀的精神早餐《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》,該段積累下來(lái)還適用于 “Describe the most interesting/impressive movie”等題,也可以根據(jù)這個(gè)語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)框架進(jìn)行改寫,變成自己想說(shuō)的其他電影,表述會(huì)更加流暢地道。
再比如TPO21 Task 1: Talk about an important news event that happened recently in your country. Describe the event and explain why it was important.很多學(xué)生看見(jiàn) “news event”就大腦一片空白,不知從何說(shuō)起,或者腦海里只有中文意思,對(duì)于新聞?lì)惖脑掝}難以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)直接用英文表述出來(lái)。以中國(guó)首架自制民用飛機(jī)C919舉例: China’s first home-made large passenger jet was scheduled to take off in Shanghai, the narrow-body passenger plane made by state-run Comac as a triumph of indigenous innovation. 也可以說(shuō)“一帶一路”政策,One Belt and One Road initiative.
二、擴(kuò)充細(xì)節(jié)的方法之“from…to…” 列舉法
這種方法通常當(dāng)作第二個(gè)supporting details,相當(dāng)于 “for example”,可以并列兩個(gè)同類或異類的事物,描述其種類繁多。以 “Do you prefer to eat at home or eat out”為例:As for me, I prefer to eat out in various of restaurants, cuz it has wide section of food, from authentic Chinese cuisine to western-style food, from savory dishes to bland snacks, hence loads of mouth-watering food can meet my appetite and leave lasting impression on me. 這里 “authentic Chinese cuisine”指的是地道的中國(guó)菜,一般學(xué)生只會(huì)想到traditional Chinese food, 而好吃第一個(gè)想到的詞就是 “delicious”, 需要注意替換詞的積累。而對(duì)于某事使我留下深刻印象會(huì)表述為 “sth. leaves deep impression on me” 而對(duì)于native speaker來(lái)講,”lasting”才是更加地道的表達(dá)方法。
再以2017.08.27 Task 1一個(gè)經(jīng)典三選一題型為例。
Your university has acquired a piece of land next to the campus. There have been three options for the use of the land.
A. The athletic facilities stadiums
B. A park with nature trails
C. Centers for students and hotel for campus guests
此題只需作出選擇,并給出合理解釋即可。如選擇 “The athletic facilities stadiums”可以從學(xué)生通過(guò)做各種運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)強(qiáng)身健體,排解壓力或者參加團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)鍛煉團(tuán)隊(duì)合作精神等?!盜 tend to choose the athletic facilities stadiums, cuz students can work out there, from doing push-ups to sit-ups, from plank to Russian twist, which can befit them to strengthen their muscles and build up cardiovascular system, or get rid of stress after high-intensive study. 這里用 “from…to…” 來(lái)并列幾個(gè)健身運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)作,這種表述也適用于gym, court, square等描述地點(diǎn)的題型,要學(xué)會(huì)同類話題合并及舉一反三。
同理,再看TPO27 Task 1: Talk about a popular actor, musician or artist whose work you do not admire.
這道題屬于人物類話題中的名人類,可以從人物的外貌、性格、作品等角度入手?!盬ell, personally I’m not fascinated by a Korean music band, from their weird dressing style to flamboyant makeup, from aggressive personality to terrible works, from impolite behaviors to constant scandals, hence I have no motivation and passion to appreciate their albums. 這里用 “from…to…” 連接幾個(gè)形容詞+名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)不喜歡的原因,比較工整并且容易在原有的結(jié)構(gòu)上刪減修改形成自己的答案,再應(yīng)用于別的話題中。
“from…to…” 列舉法是一種學(xué)生比較容易理解并應(yīng)用的擴(kuò)充細(xì)節(jié)的方法,能夠通過(guò)快速并列幾種事物來(lái)展開闡述自己的原因,把腦海里破碎的單詞在短時(shí)間內(nèi)形成chunks,在有效的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成答題。并且適用范圍廣,在人物、地點(diǎn)、物品、事件題型中均可使用,而當(dāng)作第二個(gè)supporting detail即時(shí)學(xué)生在時(shí)間不夠的情況下結(jié)束答題也不會(huì)有違和感。
托??谡Z(yǔ)如何更地道
地道的托??谡Z(yǔ),會(huì)融入更多的美國(guó)元素,因此在得分上也會(huì)有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。那么在平時(shí)的練習(xí)中,大家應(yīng)該如何訓(xùn)練自己,說(shuō)出地道的英語(yǔ)呢?
這一階段可以看關(guān)于地道句型介紹的口語(yǔ)書,此類教材特點(diǎn)是句型比較時(shí)尚,還有很多地道生動(dòng)的超級(jí)短句,是擴(kuò)展句型的好教材。還有就是提高聽(tīng)力。很多考生都有這樣的經(jīng)歷:剛開始學(xué)口語(yǔ)時(shí)開口難于聽(tīng)力,開口說(shuō)了一陣后,又發(fā)現(xiàn)聽(tīng)力落后于口語(yǔ)。原因很簡(jiǎn)單:因?yàn)椤罢f(shuō)”的都是自己掌握的詞匯,而“聽(tīng)“別人說(shuō),詞匯就不一定會(huì)在自己掌握的范圍內(nèi)。想要口語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力同步提高,還要加強(qiáng)練習(xí)。最好的辦法是跟錄音復(fù)述。既練聽(tīng)力,又練口語(yǔ)。它的難度比閱讀后復(fù)述要難多了(注意復(fù)述之前不能看文本,否則對(duì)聽(tīng)力鍛煉就不夠)。還是沿用“難度遞減法則“:即先聽(tīng)完全文(可反復(fù)聽(tīng)?zhēng)妆?,然后試著復(fù)述全文。
若難度太大,則聽(tīng)一段,復(fù)述一段。盡量不要看文本,那樣對(duì)聽(tīng)力提高不大。寧可降低聽(tīng)力材料的難度,選些簡(jiǎn)單,語(yǔ)速稍慢的小故事,那些只有句型的口語(yǔ)教材是不合適的。還有考生要養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)思維的習(xí)慣。聽(tīng)起來(lái)很抽象,很多考生往往不知從何“思“起。其實(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單:比如說(shuō),考生要去英語(yǔ)沙龍或口語(yǔ)班之前,若事先知道話題,就預(yù)先在腦子里想一下?;蚩忌罆?huì)在那里見(jiàn)到某位朋友,就想一下要跟他聊的話題。當(dāng)考生從英語(yǔ)角或英語(yǔ)班回來(lái)后,就回想一下剛才你跟別人的對(duì)話,看看自己有什么地方說(shuō)錯(cuò)了,有那些句子會(huì)有更好的表達(dá)方式。今天從別人那里又學(xué)會(huì)什么新的句型。。。 此法同樣可以用于打電話. 慢慢習(xí)慣這樣的思維方式后就可以在腦海中模擬與朋友的對(duì)話。
考生們都知道學(xué)托福口語(yǔ)一定要多練,自信心會(huì)獲得極大的提高,這種成就感會(huì)激發(fā)更大的學(xué)習(xí)熱情。把學(xué)英語(yǔ)與自我激勵(lì)結(jié)合起來(lái),這與卡耐基的訓(xùn)練法則是一致的:當(dāng)初卡耐基就是從他的演說(shuō)班的成功獲得啟示,才逐步發(fā)展出后來(lái)的以社交技能為主的成功學(xué)教育。自己怎么才能克服這種畏懼心理呢? 那只有多作準(zhǔn)備了,胸有成竹就沒(méi)那么膽怯了。課前預(yù)先把當(dāng)天要討論的話題自己先練習(xí)幾遍,有必要的話可以先寫下來(lái)。課堂上的即席話題,可以在別人發(fā)言時(shí)先把自己觀點(diǎn)寫下來(lái),剛開始時(shí)可能需要寫全,逐步過(guò)渡到只寫要點(diǎn),最后不需寫也可以流利地陳述。然后在心里念一下,就大膽起來(lái)發(fā)言吧。歸根到底,要爭(zhēng)取抓住機(jī)會(huì)。
那么以上就是關(guān)于托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)書籍類的相關(guān)內(nèi)容啦,以上內(nèi)容作為參考分享給大家,希望能幫助到有需要的同學(xué),如果還有更多想要了解的內(nèi)容可以關(guān)注本平臺(tái)繼續(xù)瀏覽。
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