托福閱讀怎樣應(yīng)對(duì)否定事實(shí)信息題

托福閱讀怎樣應(yīng)對(duì)否定事實(shí)信息題，相信這個(gè)問(wèn)題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，那么下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)一說(shuō)，感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。

托福閱讀否定事實(shí)信息題基本題型特點(diǎn)介紹

首先來(lái)看一下到底什么是否定事實(shí)信息題Negative Factual Information Question，這一題型在小編看來(lái)其實(shí)類似事實(shí)信息題，只不過(guò)其提問(wèn)方式是反過(guò)來(lái)的，別人問(wèn)的哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)在文章中有提到，而否定事實(shí)信息題則是問(wèn)以下哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)文章里沒(méi)有提到或是不正確，下面給出兩個(gè)此題型的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提問(wèn)方式：

1. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true of X?

2. The authors description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT.

大家可以看到，這兩種提問(wèn)方式，都是和事實(shí)信息題反其道而行的提問(wèn)方式，如果說(shuō)事實(shí)信息題考生無(wú)需看完全部選項(xiàng)，只要依次看選項(xiàng)，看到哪一個(gè)文章里有提到就能直接選的話，那么否定事實(shí)信息題就要求考生必須把所有的選項(xiàng)都仔細(xì)過(guò)一遍才能比較容易的發(fā)現(xiàn)正確選項(xiàng)。

為什么說(shuō)否定事實(shí)信息題是雞肋題型?

之所以把否定事實(shí)信息題成為雞肋題型，主要原因還是在于解答這類題型投入的時(shí)間精力和回報(bào)并不成比了，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，如果不掌握正確方法，做這類題型基本上都是在做虧本買賣。而會(huì)招致這種雞肋評(píng)價(jià)的原因主要有兩點(diǎn)：

1. 正常流程解題耗時(shí)多

如上文所說(shuō)，考生按照正常流程解答否定事實(shí)信息題的耗時(shí)是比較多的，因?yàn)槊康李}目4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，有3個(gè)選項(xiàng)是文章中提到過(guò)或是符合文章內(nèi)容的選項(xiàng)，為了確認(rèn)這些選項(xiàng)的正確性考生往往會(huì)逐一到文章里去尋找各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容，之后才能找到哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)沒(méi)有提到或是存在錯(cuò)誤。這個(gè)解題流程的耗時(shí)可能是解答其它題型的好幾倍，但題目的基本分值卻是相同的，由此其性價(jià)比也就變得很低了。

2. 自帶審題陷阱針對(duì)粗心考生

另外，細(xì)心看過(guò)上面題目提問(wèn)方式的同學(xué)可能已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了，無(wú)論是NOT還是EXCEPT，雖然都特意進(jìn)行了大寫處理，但因?yàn)槠渌谖恢锰幱陬}目的末尾處，因此對(duì)于一些看題不仔細(xì)，沒(méi)看完全部題目就開(kāi)始做題的粗心考生來(lái)說(shuō)，這種提問(wèn)方式本身也是自帶陷阱的，常會(huì)有考生一不小心就看成了相反的題目要求做錯(cuò)題目。明明難度并不算高，做起來(lái)卻那么費(fèi)時(shí)間又容易出錯(cuò)，也難怪這一題型會(huì)不受大家待見(jiàn)了。

否定事實(shí)信息題實(shí)用解題思路實(shí)例分析

那么，面對(duì)這樣雞肋的否定事實(shí)信息題，考生是否有較為快捷高效率的解題方法思路呢，答案當(dāng)然是有的，下面小編就通過(guò)實(shí)例來(lái)為大家做具體分析：

例題：

Darwins theory is that selective breeding occurs in nature as natural selection is the engine behind evolution. Thus, the theory provides an excellent basis for understanding how organisms change over time. Nevertheless, it is just a theory and elusively difficult to prove. One of the major holes in Darwins theory revolves around irreducibly complex systems. An irreducibly complex system is known as a system where many different parts must all operate together. As a result, in the absence of one, the system as a whole collapses. Consequently, as modern technology improves, science can identify these irreducibly complex systems even at microscopic levels. These complex systems, if so inter-reliant, would be resistant to Darwins supposition of how evolution occurs. As Darwin himself admitted, To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances for adjusting the focus for different distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been formed by natural selection, seems, I free confess, absurd in the highest degree.

Question: All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 4 as a viewpoint to state the natural selection is difficult to prove EXCEPT

A. The belief that the complexity of the human eye could have been formed by natural selection seems highly unlikely

B. The presence of irreducibly complex system contradicts how evolution occurs

C. Modern microbiology proves that irreducibly complex systems exist

D. Selective breeding is the major hole in the theory of natural selection

上面這道題就是一道較為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的否定事實(shí)信息題，想要較為快速的解答這類題型，小編的建議有如下幾點(diǎn)：

1. 先看題目再看文章

現(xiàn)在大部分考生采取的托福閱讀的解題流程都是邊看文章邊做題，這么做效率會(huì)比較高一些，這種做法小編也是比較支持的，但在具體操作上，小編的建議是考生可以先看一下題目所屬的段落，然后再根據(jù)題目來(lái)逐段閱讀，也就是說(shuō)，大家在開(kāi)始看每段文章前，先把根據(jù)這段文章提出的幾道題目都簡(jiǎn)單審一下題，之后再看文章邊看邊找答案。這種做法對(duì)于提升否定事實(shí)信息題的解題效率會(huì)很有幫助，先圈定了對(duì)應(yīng)段落，考生需要查看核對(duì)選項(xiàng)是否提及或是正確與否的范圍自然也會(huì)縮小很多，核對(duì)起信息來(lái)效率就能得到提升了。

以上面這一題為例，題目中直接告訴了大家這道題就是圍繞著paragraph4來(lái)出的，因此考生只需要關(guān)注這個(gè)段落就可以找到答案。如果考生先看過(guò)了題目，了解了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)的大概意思，之后再仔細(xì)閱讀一遍第四段，那么想要找出正確答案想必會(huì)省力很多。

2. 歸納段落大意和核心信息

確定好題目的對(duì)應(yīng)段落，接下來(lái)大家就需要在閱讀文章的同時(shí)歸納段落大意和核心信息了，因?yàn)榉穸ㄊ聦?shí)信息題涉及到的都是文章里的事實(shí)信息，所以考生只要對(duì)段落里包含的各類事實(shí)信息進(jìn)行整理歸納，再逐一對(duì)應(yīng)到選項(xiàng)上進(jìn)行排除就能迅速找到答案。

比如上面這道題，選項(xiàng)A對(duì)應(yīng)的是文章最后一句 As Darwin himself admitted, To suppose that the eye with all its inimitable contrivances for adjusting the focus for different distances, for admitting different amounts of light, and for the correction of spherical and chromatic aberration, could have been formed by natural selection.

選項(xiàng)B對(duì)應(yīng)的是One of the major holes in Darwins theory revolves around irreducibly complex systems. An irreducibly complex system is known as a system where many different parts must all operate together. As a result, in the absence of one, the system as a whole collapses.和These complex systems, if so inter-reliant, would be resistant to Darwins supposition of how evolution occurs

選項(xiàng)C對(duì)應(yīng)的是Consequently, as modern technology improves, science can identify these irreducibly complex systems even at microscopic levels.

唯獨(dú)選項(xiàng)D沒(méi)有對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容，文中提到的major hole是irreducibly complex systems而并非selective breeding，因此這個(gè)選項(xiàng)才是本題要選的選項(xiàng)。

從上面這道例題就可以看出，考生想要較為迅速地解答否定事實(shí)信息題，其實(shí)掌握方法后還是可以做到的，只需要按照上面這兩點(diǎn)來(lái)解題，小編相信大家的解題效率和正確率都會(huì)得到提升。最后小編祝大家能夠順利掌握上述解題思路方法，順利應(yīng)對(duì)難題拿到理想的閱讀成績(jī)。

那么以上就是關(guān)于托福閱讀怎樣應(yīng)對(duì)否定事實(shí)信息題的相關(guān)內(nèi)容啦，以上內(nèi)容作為參考分享給大家，希望能幫助到有需要的同學(xué)，如果還有更多想要了解的內(nèi)容可以關(guān)注本平臺(tái)繼續(xù)瀏覽。

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