托福閱讀做的太慢教你快速抓住閱讀重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容

雅思托福考試對(duì)于想要出國(guó)留學(xué)或移民的人來(lái)說(shuō)，是一個(gè)非常重要的考試。因此，了解考試的時(shí)間表和出分時(shí)間對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備考試的考生來(lái)說(shuō)非常關(guān)鍵。下面中國(guó)教育在線(xiàn)外語(yǔ)頻道小編就為大家分享一下“托福閱讀做的太慢？教你快速抓住閱讀重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容”？

圖片來(lái)源于網(wǎng)絡(luò)

首先，我們把抓句子重心也分成三個(gè)段位。

段位一：抓語(yǔ)法主干

比如：

There appear to be many unexplored matters about the motivation to reflect ---- for example, the value of externally motivated reflection as opposed to that of teachers who might reflect by habit.

這句話(huà)的語(yǔ)法主干為T(mén)here appear to be many unexplored matters(看起來(lái)有很多未被探究的事情)。很明顯，這也確實(shí)是這句話(huà)的句子重心。

所以，通過(guò)抓語(yǔ)法主干來(lái)抓句子重心確實(shí)是可以的。

不過(guò)，這是最低段位。(也就是說(shuō)，這個(gè)段位是必備的，但是只有這個(gè)段位是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的!)

段位二：理解分析句內(nèi)邏輯

比如：

Glaciers move slowly across the land with tremendous energy, carving into even the hardest rock formations and thereby reshaping the landscape as they engulf, push, drag, and finally deposit rock debris in places far from its original location.

這句話(huà)的語(yǔ)法主干為Glaciers move slowly(冰川慢慢地移動(dòng))，它是這句話(huà)想表達(dá)的重心嗎?很明顯不是!

通過(guò)讀句子，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)Glaciers move slowly(冰川慢慢地移動(dòng))只是一個(gè)起始點(diǎn)，接下來(lái)是carving into even the hardest rock formations(刻入甚至最堅(jiān)硬的巖石), 這也還沒(méi)完，接下來(lái)是thereby reshaping the landscape(因此重塑地貌)，而后面是一個(gè)as從句as they engulf, push, drag, and finally deposit rock debris in places far from its original location(因?yàn)樗鼈兺虥](méi)，推動(dòng)，拖動(dòng)并最終在離原來(lái)位置很遠(yuǎn)的地方把巖石渣沉淀下來(lái))。通過(guò)邏輯上的理解，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，重塑地貌才是這句話(huà)所強(qiáng)調(diào)的最終結(jié)果，才是這句話(huà)的重心。也就是說(shuō)，所有的其他信息都是圍繞著重塑地貌來(lái)說(shuō)的。

所以，這個(gè)句子證明，語(yǔ)法主干Glaciers move slowly(冰川慢慢地移動(dòng))并不是句子重心，而通過(guò)分析句內(nèi)邏輯的方式，我們才更準(zhǔn)確地確定了句子重心重塑地貌。

這里，我們基本可以確定，語(yǔ)法主干是無(wú)法真正幫助我們確定句子重心的，我們必須要對(duì)句內(nèi)各信息進(jìn)行邏輯上的分析，才能更準(zhǔn)確地確定句子重心。事實(shí)上(in fact), 通過(guò)句內(nèi)邏輯的分析，你已經(jīng)可以非常準(zhǔn)確地把握住句子的重心，所以你已經(jīng)完全有能力應(yīng)對(duì)幾乎所有的句子簡(jiǎn)化題了。

但是，抓句子重心還有段位三。

段位三：理解分析句間連貫

在上一篇關(guān)于理解句間連貫的文章中，我其實(shí)提到過(guò)，一個(gè)句子是有舊信息+新信息構(gòu)成的，其中舊信息是起到連接上文的作用，也就是連貫的作用，而新信息就是句子想表達(dá)的點(diǎn)。

明白沒(méi)?新信息就是句子的重心啊!

所以，道理很簡(jiǎn)單，只要你能知道一個(gè)句子的新信息是什么，你就知道了句子重心是什么了。

那你怎么才能知道句子的新信息是什么呢?道理同樣很簡(jiǎn)單，你需要通過(guò)讀它的前文，讀它前面的句子，來(lái)確定什么是舊信息，然后你才能確定它的新信息是什么。

來(lái)，看一道句子簡(jiǎn)化題：

Ever since people had begun to catalog the strata in particular outcrops, there had been the hope that these could somehow be used to calculate geological time. But as more and more accumulations of strata were cataloged in more and more places, it became clear that the sequences of rocks sometimes differed from region to region and that no rock type was ever going to become a reliable time marker throughout the world.

A. The discovery of regional differences in the sequences of rocks led geologists to believe that rock types could someday become reliable time markers.

B. Careful analysis of strata revealed that rocks cannot establish geological time because the pattern of rock layers varies from place to place.

C. Smiths catalogs of rock strata indicated that the sequences of rocks are different from place to place and from region to region.

D. Because people did not catalog regional differences in sequences of rocks, it was believed that rocks could never be reliable time markers.

這個(gè)句子簡(jiǎn)化題我故意把考的那句話(huà)的前一句話(huà)也摘了出來(lái)。如果我說(shuō)，這道題，我不用讀陰影部分那句話(huà)，也照樣可以做出來(lái)，你信不信?

對(duì)，你沒(méi)看錯(cuò)，我就是不讀考的那句話(huà)，我也照樣可以把這道句子簡(jiǎn)化題做出來(lái)。

思路如下：

我按順序讀文章，先讀到了Ever since people had begun to catalog the strata in particular outcrops, there had been the hope that these could somehow be used to calculate geological time.(自從人們開(kāi)始記錄特定某些裸露出的巖石里的巖層，人們就一直希望可以用這些記錄的數(shù)據(jù)去計(jì)算地質(zhì)時(shí)間。)然后我讀了一下陰影部分的第一個(gè)詞But。我瞬間明白了，陰影部分這句話(huà)要說(shuō)，人們的希望應(yīng)該大概率破滅了。所以，我不讀陰影句我也知道這個(gè)陰影句的重心應(yīng)該是說(shuō)希望破滅了，也就是不能計(jì)算地質(zhì)時(shí)間。所以我開(kāi)始讀選項(xiàng)：

A. The discovery of regional differences in the sequences of rocks led geologists to believe that rock types could someday become reliable time markers.

B. Careful analysis of strata revealed that rocks cannot establish geological time because the pattern of rock layers varies from place to place.

C. Smiths catalogs of rock strata indicated that the sequences of rocks are different from place to place and from region to region.

D. Because people did not catalog regional differences in sequences of rocks, it was believed that rocks could never be reliable time markers

我們可以排除A和C。那么B和D里哪個(gè)是對(duì)的呢?很明顯D里說(shuō)到people did not catalog regional differences in sequences of rocks(人們沒(méi)有記錄巖層順序上的區(qū)域差異)，這是與我讀到的原文是矛盾的：陰影句的前一句明明說(shuō)了Ever since people had begun to catalog the strata in particular outcrops, there had been the hope that these could somehow be used to calculate geological time(自從人們開(kāi)始記錄特定某些裸露出的巖石里的巖層，人們就一直希望可以用這些記錄的數(shù)據(jù)去計(jì)算地質(zhì)時(shí)間。)所以，正確答案是B。

我根本不用讀陰影句的內(nèi)容，我也能確定B是正確答案!我怎么做到的?我是通過(guò)前文的信息再加上一個(gè)But的連接，確定了陰影句的新信息。既然我已經(jīng)知道了陰影句的新信息，我也不用真正去讀陰影句了。就是這么簡(jiǎn)單的道理。

這就是確定句子重心的第三個(gè)段位。

我們總結(jié)一下，抓句子重心的三個(gè)段位分別是：

段位一：抓語(yǔ)法主干

段位二：理解分析句內(nèi)邏輯

段位三：理解分析句間連貫

通過(guò)上文的內(nèi)容介紹，大家對(duì)“托福閱讀做的太慢？教你快速抓住閱讀重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容”大家是不是有了一個(gè)大致的了解呢？如果大家還想了解更詳細(xì)、更多的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，則可以繼續(xù)關(guān)注本頻道，也可以向本頻道咨詢(xún)。

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