托福閱讀句子插入題怎么做備考方法有哪些

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核心分析

托福閱讀句子插入題解題核心分析

句子插入題解題核心就在于要把待插入句子放在方框內(nèi)，使得它能和上下文銜接得當(dāng)。如何做到上下文銜接得當(dāng)?其一：句意。其二：邏輯。

如果待插入句子中出現(xiàn)代詞加名詞短語(yǔ)，我們一定在原文中找到這個(gè)代詞的指代;如果文中只有一處合適，答案就是那句話的后面;如果有兩處以上符合，那么我們就觀察一下這句話中有沒(méi)有邏輯關(guān)系詞，我們一定要確定這句話和上文邏輯關(guān)系正確。

實(shí)例解讀

托福插入題實(shí)例解讀

01轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

一旦給定句中出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,就意味著該句的前后文內(nèi)容存在反義。如下例:

Leatherbacks keep their body heat in three different ways.The first, and simplest, is size. The bigger the animal is, the lowerits surface-to-volume ratio; for every ounce of body mass, thereis proportionately less surface through which heat can escape. Anadult leatherback is twice the size of the biggest cheloniid seaturtles and will therefore take longer to cool off. Maintaining a highbody temperature through sheer bulk is called gigantothermy.It works for elephants, for whales, and,perhaps, it worked for many of the larger dinosaurs.It apparently works, in a smaller way, for some other sea turtles.Large loggerhead and green turtles can maintain their bodytemperature at a degree or two above that of the surroundingwater, and gigantothermy is probably the way they do it.Muscular activity helps, too, and an actively swimming greenturtle may be 7℃ (12.6 F) warmer than the waters it swimsthrough.

However, these animals have additional means of staying warm.

從給定句的語(yǔ)義不難看出,該句后文必然要提到某種保暖的方法。而從however引導(dǎo)的轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯和additional可以想到，這是一種額外的方法,也就意味著在該句前文已經(jīng)提到過(guò)另一種保暖方法。通讀原文，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)只有空格4符合要求(前有g(shù)igantothermy，后有muscular activity )

02因果關(guān)系

一旦給定句中出現(xiàn)因果關(guān)系,就意味著該句是原文中某句的原因(一般在原文句前 )或結(jié)果( 一般在原文句后)。如下例

Another task for the Glomar Challenger S scientists was totry to determine the origin of the domelike masses buried deep beneath the Mediterranean seafloor.These structures had beendetected years earlier by echo-sounding instruments, but they had never been penetrated in the course of drilling.Were theysalt domes such as are common along the United States Gulf Coast, and if so, why should there have been so much solid crystalline salt beneath the floor of the Mediterranean?

Thus, scientists had information about the shape of thedomes but not about their chemical composition and origin.

從給定句的語(yǔ)義不難看出,該句描述的是某種科學(xué)研究方法,能讓科學(xué)家了解到dome的形狀，但無(wú)法獲知其化學(xué)成分和起源,而這種方法的出現(xiàn)應(yīng)該在該句前面。通讀全文，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)空格3前提及曾使用echo-sounding instruments (回聲探測(cè)設(shè)備) ,但沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)drilling (鉆探) , 完全符合要求.

03遞進(jìn)關(guān)系

Transportation was becoming less of a problem for those who wished to move west and for those who had farm surpluses to send to market. Prior to 1815, western farmers who did notlive on navigable waterways were connected to them only by dirtroads and mountain trails. Livestock could be driven across themountains, but the cost of transporting bulky grains in thisfashion was several times greater than their value in easternmarkets. The first step toward an improvement of western transportation was the construction of turnpikes. These roads made possible a reduction in transportation costs and thusstimulated the commercialization of agriculture along their routes.

In fact, goods could be shipped more cheaply across themuch greater distance of the Atlantic Ocean than they couldfrom western New York to coastal cities.

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