雅思寫作高分方法

雅思寫作高分方法，相信這個問題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個問題，那么下面小編就來和大家說一說，感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。

雅思寫作高分方法

連貫性包括意連和形連兩個方面，前者指的是內(nèi)在的邏輯性，后者指的是使用轉(zhuǎn)換詞語。當(dāng)然這兩者常常是不可分割的。只有形連而沒有意連，句子之間就沒有內(nèi)在的有機(jī)的聯(lián)系;反之，只有意連而沒有形連，有時行文就不夠流暢。

1)意連

段落中句子的排列應(yīng)遵循一定的次序，不能想到什么就寫什么。如果在下筆之前沒有構(gòu)思，邊寫邊想，寫寫停停，那就寫不出一氣呵成的好文章來。下面介紹幾種常見的排列方式。

A.按時間先后排列(chronological arrangement)

We had a number of close calls that day. When we rose, it was obviously late and we had to hurry so as not to miss breakfast; we knew the dining room staff was strict about closing at nine o'clock. Then, when we had been driving in the desert for nearly two hours ----- it must have been close to noon ---- the heat nearly hid us in; the radiator boiled over and we had to use most of our drinking water to cool it down. By the time we reached the mountain, it was four o'clock and we were exhausted. Here, judgement ran out of us and we started the tough climb to the summit, not realizing that darkness came suddenly in the desert. Sure enough, by six we were struggling and Andrew very nearly went down a steep cliff, dragging Mohammed and me along with him. By nine, when the wind howled across the flat ledge of the summit, we knew as we shivered together for warmth that it had not been our lucky day.

本段從"rose"(起床)寫起，然后是吃早餐("not to miss breakfast", "closing at nine o'clock")，然后是"close to noon"，一直寫到這一天結(jié)束("By nine--")。

B.按位置遠(yuǎn)近排列(spatial arrangement)。例如：From a distance, it looked like a skinny tube, but as we got closer, we could see it flesh out before our eyes. It was tubular, all right, but fatter than we could see from far away. Furthermore, we were also astonished to notice that the building was really in two parts: a pagoda sitting on top of a tubular one-story structure. Standing ten feet away, we could marvel at how much of the pagoda was made up of glass windows. Almost everything under the wonderful Chinese roof was made of glass, unlike the tube that it was sitting on, which only had four. Inside, the tube was gloomy, because of the lack of light. Then a steep, narrow staircase took us up inside the pagoda and the light changed dramatically. All those windows let in a flood of sunshine and we could see out for miles across the flat land.

本段的寫法是由遠(yuǎn)及近，從遠(yuǎn)處("from a distance")寫起，然后"get closer"，再到(" ten feet away")，最后是"inside the pagoda"……當(dāng)然，按位置遠(yuǎn)近來寫不等于都是由遠(yuǎn)及近。根據(jù)需要，也可以由近及遠(yuǎn)，由表及里等等。

C.按邏輯關(guān)系排列(logical arrangement)

a.按重要性順序排列(arrangement insgroupsof importance)

If you work as a soda jerker, you will, of course, not need much skill in expressing yourself to be effective. If you work on a machine, your ability to express yourself will be of little importance. But as soon as you move one step up from the bottom, your effectiveness depends on your ability to reach others through the spoken or the written word. And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large business organization, whether it is the government, the large corporation, or the Army, this ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a man can possess.

這一段談的是表達(dá)能力，它的重要性與職業(yè)，身份有關(guān)，從"not need much skill"或"of little importance"到"more important"，最后是"most important"。

b.由一般到特殊排列(general-to-specific arrangement)

If a reader is lost, it is generally because the writer has not been careful enough to keep him on the path. This carelessness can take any number of forms. Perhaps a sentence is so excessively cluttered that the reader, hacking his way through the verbiage, simply doesn't know what it means. Perhaps a sentence has been so shoddily constructed that the reader could read it in any of several ways. Perhaps the writer has switched tenses, or has switched pronouns in mid-sentence, so the reader loses track of when the action took place or who is talking. Perhaps sentence B is not logical sequel to sentence A ---- the writer, in whose head the connection is clear, has not bothered to provide the missing link. Perhaps the writer has used an important word incorrectly by not taking the trouble to look it up. He may think that "sanguine" and "sanguinary" mean the same thing, but the difference is a bloody big one. The reader can only infer what the writer is trying to imply.

這一段談的是a writer's carelessness，先給出一個general statement作為主題句，然后通過5個"perhaps"加以例證。

c.由特殊到一般排列(specific-to-general arrangement)

I do not understand why people confuse my Siamese cat, Prissy, with the one I had several years ago, Henry. The two cats are only alike in breed. Prissy, a quiet, feminine feline, loves me dearly but not possessively. She likes to keep her distance from people, exert her independence and is never so rude as to beg, lick, or sniff unceremoniously. Her usual posture is sitting upright, eyes closed, perfectly still. Prissy is a very proper cat. Henry, on the other hand, loved me dearly but possessively. He was my shadow from morning till night. He expected me to constantly entertain him. Henry never cared who saw him do anything, whether it was decorous or not, and he usually offended my friends in some way. The cat made himself quite comfortable, on the top of the television, across stranger's feet or laps, in beds, drawers, sacks, closets, or nooks. The difference between them is imperceptible to strangers.

本段的主題句是段首句，它僅提出一個問題：為什么兩只貓會被搞混。然后對兩者進(jìn)行比較，末句才下結(jié)論。

2)形連

行文的邏輯性常常要靠適當(dāng)?shù)霓D(zhuǎn)換詞語及其他手段來實現(xiàn)。請讀下面這一段文字并找出文中用以承上啟下的詞語：

Walter's goal in life was to become a successful surgeon. First, though, he had to get through high school, so he concentrated all his efforts on his studies --- in particular, biology, chemistry, and math. Because he worked constantly on these subjects, Walter became proficient in them; however, Walter forgot that he needed to master other subjects besides those he had chosen. As a result, during his junior year of high school, Walter failed both English and Latin. Consequently, he had to repeat these subjects and he was almost unable to graduate on schedule. Finally, on June 6, Walter achieved the first step toward realizing his goal.

本文中起承上啟下的詞語有兩種，一種是轉(zhuǎn)換詞語(transitional words or phrases)，另一種是起轉(zhuǎn)換作用的其他連接手段(linking devices)。前者依次有：first, though, so, in particular, and, because, however, besides, as a result, both…and, consequently, and, finally.后者依次是：he, he, his, his, he, these, them, he, those, his, he, these, his.本段1有詞匯105個，所使用的轉(zhuǎn)換詞語及其他連接用語共26個詞，約占該段總詞匯量的四分之一。由此可見，掌握好transitions不僅對行文的流暢(smoothness)有益，而且對于學(xué)生在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)寫足所要求的字?jǐn)?shù)也是不無好處的。

一個段落里如果沒有transitions也就很難有coherence了.我們看下面一個例子：

Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds. Writing uses written symbols. Speech developed about 500 000 years ago. Written language is a recent development. It was invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal. The word choice of writing is often relatively formal. Pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from. Pronunciation and accent are ignored in writing. A standard diction and spelling system prevails in the written language of most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and rise and fall of the voice. Writing lacks gesture, loudness and the rise and fall of the voice. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.

本段中除了第6句開頭出現(xiàn)一個起過渡作用的"it"之外，沒有使用其他的過渡詞語.這樣，文中出現(xiàn)許多重復(fù)的詞語，全段讀起來也顯得生硬而不自然。如果加上必要的過渡詞語來修飾的話，這一段就成了下面一個流暢連貫的段落：

Speaking and writing are different in many ways. Speech depends on sounds; writing, on the other hand, uses written symbols. Speech was developed about 500 000 years ago, but written language is a recent development, invented only about six thousand years ago. Speech is usually informal, while the word choice of writing, by contrast, is often relatively formal. Although pronunciation and accent often tell where the speaker is from, they are ignored in wiring because a standard diction and spelling system prevails in most countries. Speech relies on gesture, loudness, and the rise and fall of the voice, but writing lacks these features. Careful speakers and writers are aware of the differences.

有損連貫性的幾種情況：

考生在寫作中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)下面幾種錯誤：

1)不必要的改變時態(tài)，比如：

In the movie, Robert Redford was a spy. He goes to his office where he found everybody dead. Other spies wanted to kill him, so he takes refuge with Julie Christie. At her house, he had waited for the heat to die down, but they come after him anyway.

2)不必要的改變單復(fù)數(shù)，比如：

Everybody looks for satisfaction in his life. They want to be happy. But if he seeks only pleasure in the short run, the person will soon run out of pleasure and life will catch up to him. They need to pursue the deeper pleasure of satisfaction in work and in relationships.

3)不必要的改變?nèi)朔Q，比如：

Now more than ever, parents need to be in touch with their children's activities because modern life has the tendency to cause cleavages in the family. You need to arrange family like it so that family members will do things together and know one another. You need to give up isolated pleasures of your own and realize that parents have a set of obligations to sponsor togetherness and therefore sponsor knowledge.

因此寫作中，一定要注意時態(tài)，人稱以及數(shù)的變化是否正確，要注意保持一致。

雅思大作文的語法

需要備好各種從句：其中5.5分以上必備三大經(jīng)典從句：定語從句、賓語從句、狀語從句

1. 定語從句：

多用who(指人)、which(指物)、that(即可指人也可以指物)，還有一個經(jīng)典的容易被忽視的定語從句在大作文中可以表達(dá)事件發(fā)生的原因：即由why引導(dǎo)的固定句型...the reason(s) why...

E.g:There may be some reasons why entertainment stars earn high salaries but overall Iagree that they are overpaid.

2. 賓語從句：

文章中提出觀點的好句型，無論是你自己的觀點還是文章中原來給出的觀點都可以。建議多用that引導(dǎo)的，不容易出錯，如：some people think/agree/suggest/insist that...

E.g:A growing number of parents believe that being overly dependent on social networkingwebsites only makes their children more isolated in the real world.

3.狀語從句：

狀語的種類特別多，所以狀語從句是你最能夠表現(xiàn)句型多樣化的機(jī)會。牢記以下幾種狀從的分類，句子的豐富性自然就出來了：

A.時間狀語從句(引導(dǎo)詞：when/as/while/since/the moment...)

E.g:The related sectors should take effective measures the moment the problem appeared.

B.地點狀語從句(引導(dǎo)詞：where/wherever)

E.g:Generally，air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.

C.原因狀語從句(引導(dǎo)詞：because/since/as/seeing that...)

E.g:As this policy would also affect the cost of public transport, it would be very unpopularwith everyone who needs to travel on the roads.

D.條件狀語從句(引導(dǎo)詞：if/as long as/providing that/provided that...)

E.g:The government will increase its support for public education, provided that such funds canbe put to good use.

E.讓步狀語從句(就是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引導(dǎo)詞：though/although/while/no matterwho/where/which/how...)

E.g:*While (表示二者對比)some people link happiness to wealth and material success, othersthink it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships.　*Even though it is unlikely that all workers do feel happy in their work, I think it is notunrealistic to promote more job satisfaction in any job.

雅思寫作的丟分誤區(qū)

一：背大學(xué)四六級詞匯就能順利通過雅思寫作考試

雅思寫作考試，相當(dāng)多數(shù)量的高中生聽說只要花時間把大學(xué)四六級的單詞全部背熟就能參加雅思寫作考試。這種錯誤的觀念目前普遍存在于正積極準(zhǔn)備參加雅思考試的廣大高中生，乃至大學(xué)生中。其實，大學(xué)四六級英語考試和雅思考試完全是2種不同的英文測試系統(tǒng)，2者沒有內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，應(yīng)試方法也大相徑庭。

從寫作角度來說，雅思的學(xué)術(shù)類大作文沒有所謂的詞庫，而學(xué)術(shù)類報告的常用詞匯和國內(nèi)英語考試寫作的詞匯又是完全不同的。所以高中生花大精力在背誦和記憶大學(xué)四六級詞匯無疑是浪費時間和青春的一種行為。筆者的學(xué)生中有很多已經(jīng)順利通過大學(xué)四六級考試，有的甚至是高分通過，但是他們的雅思寫作分?jǐn)?shù)卻是很低，有些甚至連5分都沒有到。顯然僅靠背誦四六級詞匯是無法順利通過雅思寫作考試的。

針對這一誤區(qū)，建議考生多閱讀國外學(xué)術(shù)類報告，積累詞匯和慣用句型，或者看劍橋雅思系列真題集1-7，里面的閱讀文章包括附錄中考官給出的高分范文中的詞匯都是雅思寫作考試的重要詞匯。此外，有時間的高中生當(dāng)然應(yīng)該去參加專業(yè)和系統(tǒng)的雅思考前培訓(xùn)，在較短的時間內(nèi)，職業(yè)的雅思培訓(xùn)師會教會你們?nèi)绾握_科學(xué)并高效地準(zhǔn)備雅思考試。

二：裸考雅思，以考代替復(fù)習(xí)

有些高中生認(rèn)為只要多參加雅思考試，分?jǐn)?shù)自然會提高;而且他們說也沒有太多時間看書復(fù)習(xí)或是參加雅思培訓(xùn)班。

雅思考試并不是一門“廉價”的考試，參加一次雅思考試基本費用為人民幣1456元。有些去外省市考試的同學(xué)還要考慮交通和住宿費用。對于絕大多數(shù)高中生的家庭來說，這并不是一筆很小的開支。因此不斷連續(xù)參加雅思考試，屢戰(zhàn)屢敗，屢敗屢戰(zhàn)不是很聰明的方法。而且考多了會對高中生的心理產(chǎn)生一定的影響。盡管雅思考試并不像高考那樣一考定終生，每年有40多場雅思考試可以參加。但是毫無準(zhǔn)備的去參加考試本身是一種不成熟和對自己不負(fù)責(zé)，對父母血汗錢的一種褻瀆。因此建議高中生必須經(jīng)過系統(tǒng)培訓(xùn)或者自學(xué)后，有一定的準(zhǔn)備和把握了再去參加雅思考試，以期順利通過。

三：反復(fù)做劍橋真題系列，就能得到寫作高分

劍橋真題系列是一套非常經(jīng)典和權(quán)威的雅思應(yīng)考資料，可以這么說，所有準(zhǔn)備參加雅思考試的考生基本人手都有一套劍橋的教材。有高中生將其作為圣經(jīng)，反復(fù)做里面的套題，以期節(jié)省培訓(xùn)費用和時間，在雅思考試中取得不錯的分?jǐn)?shù)。誠然，筆者接觸過幾個沒有參加過任何培訓(xùn)，只是通過做劍橋真題就考出不錯成績的同學(xué)。但是這些同學(xué)共同的一個特征就是英語基本功扎實，智力很高，邏輯思維出色，學(xué)習(xí)方法得當(dāng)。但是對于普通高中生來說，只做真題，不總結(jié)，不反復(fù)推敲，顯然是不行的。

正確的做法是要仔細(xì)拜讀劍橋附錄中考官撰寫的雅思范文，推敲其段落布局，詞匯句型，發(fā)展思路等。有條件的同學(xué)可以請職業(yè)雅思培訓(xùn)師幫你們解讀，或者參加培訓(xùn)班的時候聽老師的講解。

四：大量背誦寫作模板

很多高中生過于相信一些寫作論壇或者寫作書上推薦的寫作模板，并且將其運用到雅思考試中去，但是最后的分?jǐn)?shù)卻是差強人意。其實模板作為一種解讀雅思寫作思路的工具還是起到一定作用的，考生可以通過閱讀寫作模板來迅速了解雅思寫作段落布局和層次。但是談及考試時的運用，筆者不敢茍同。多年第一線雅思寫作培訓(xùn)過程中，凡是寫作在7分以上的學(xué)生，幾乎沒有人是使用寫作模板的。而且鐘情于模版的學(xué)生一般的寫作分?jǐn)?shù)甚至連6分都不到。所以不推薦同學(xué)大量背誦寫作模板，理由很簡單，寫作是“活”的，模板是“死”的。

正確的方法是多寫，寫之前要對雅思的2部分寫作結(jié)構(gòu)有一定了解，詞匯和句型要有一定積累，最好是能參加專業(yè)培訓(xùn)，遇到一些有經(jīng)驗的寫作老師，在你考前助你一臂之力，這樣一定可以取得理想的成績。

五：光看范文而不寫

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