怎樣寫(xiě)好雅思寫(xiě)作開(kāi)頭段

近年來(lái)，越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)學(xué)子選擇留學(xué)，那其中怎樣寫(xiě)好雅思寫(xiě)作開(kāi)頭段？本文則針對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題，為大家整理了資料，接下來(lái)咱們就一起往下了解吧。

怎樣寫(xiě)好雅思寫(xiě)作開(kāi)頭段

Part 1 Opinion Essay

觀察觀點(diǎn)類題目的特征，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，此類題型的特征是題目有且只有一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。而題目要求我們回答的是“同意”或“不同意”的觀點(diǎn)。所以只要確定好自己的觀點(diǎn)，開(kāi)頭段就可以寫(xiě)出來(lái)。 例如：

Some people believe that living in big cities is bad for health.

Do you agree or disagree?

如果，我們選擇同意此觀點(diǎn)，可以根據(jù)“背景句+直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目+個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)”的公式。

These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) But some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health. (直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目) Personally, I agree with this idea. (個(gè)人觀點(diǎn))

如果選擇不同意題目觀點(diǎn)，則可以用“although”的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句進(jìn)行改寫(xiě)，得到：

These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) Although some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health, (although +直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目) personally, I do not agree with this idea. (個(gè)人觀點(diǎn))

Part 2 Discussion Essay

觀察討論類的題目，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，這樣的題目會(huì)有兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，并且題目要求“討論雙方觀點(diǎn)”和“給出自己的觀點(diǎn)”。這樣的題目中，其實(shí)只用在開(kāi)頭段中寫(xiě)出背景句和轉(zhuǎn)述雙方觀點(diǎn)就好了，至于個(gè)人的觀點(diǎn)，可以放到personal idea的段落中。如：

Some people think citizens should be responsible for their own health costs. Others think it is better to have a health care system which provides free health services.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

這個(gè)題目的開(kāi)頭段就可以寫(xiě)為：

People in some countries are paying an increasing amount of money for seeing a doctor, even for a minor illness. (背景句) But, still, some people assert that individuals themselves are supposed to pay for such fees. (一方觀點(diǎn)) However, other people disagree and suggest that it is the government’s responsibility to undertake the health costs for its citizens. (另一方觀點(diǎn))

Part 3 Advantages & Disadvantage Essay

優(yōu)劣勢(shì)的題目，一般而言都會(huì)給出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象或者是趨勢(shì)，這又剛好和我們開(kāi)頭段中的“背景句”吻合了，所以在優(yōu)劣勢(shì)文章的開(kāi)頭段的時(shí)候就沒(méi)有必要再寫(xiě)背景句了，直接轉(zhuǎn)述題目就可以了。但是要表達(dá)出自己的“優(yōu)大于劣”或者“劣大于優(yōu)”的觀點(diǎn)，只需要用一句話就搞定了。如：

Shopping online is replacing shopping in stores.

Do the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?

開(kāi)頭段可以寫(xiě)為：

These days, it is common to see that people prefer choosing online shopping to shopping in physical stores. Although some problems would occur as this trend continues, I believe such development brings more benefits.

Part 4 Report

其實(shí)report最簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)橥ǔｎ}目和優(yōu)劣勢(shì)文章一樣，會(huì)給出一個(gè)現(xiàn)象或趨勢(shì)，所以開(kāi)頭段的組成部分就只有改寫(xiě)題目。如：

In many parts of the world, children and teenagers are committing more crimes.

Why is this happening?

What are the possible solutions to solve this problem?

開(kāi)頭段可以寫(xiě)為：

These days, it is common to see that the rate of youth crime has been increasing dramatically all over the globe and it is a most worrying issue of modern society.

雅思寫(xiě)作開(kāi)頭段怎樣寫(xiě)吸引人

大作文開(kāi)頭段往往要包含如下幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容，即介紹背景，引出有爭(zhēng)議的話題，闡述對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)和陳述作者自己的觀點(diǎn)。無(wú)論使用還是不使用模板，這幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵信息是一定要包含在開(kāi)頭段落當(dāng)中的，不然云里霧里，只能是適得其反。

首先It is quite common these days.介紹背景，或者用The issue of ... is a complex and sensitive one。這樣的句型來(lái)引出有爭(zhēng)議話題，然后千篇一律地分別介紹對(duì)立雙方觀點(diǎn)，如Some individuals believe that..., while others hold the view that....最終用Personally, I agree with....至此，內(nèi)容上完美無(wú)瑕，但恐怕考官心中已經(jīng)大大打下“模板”兩個(gè)字的烙印，這無(wú)疑對(duì)于想取得6分及以上的同學(xué)最不利的事情。我們到底應(yīng)該如何突破“模板病”。

例如，一道雅思寫(xiě)作高頻題目，討論到底大學(xué)應(yīng)該教授實(shí)用性課程(如計(jì)算機(jī)和商科課程)還是傳統(tǒng)課程(如歷史和地理)。我們依然按照開(kāi)頭段應(yīng)該包含的關(guān)鍵信息開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作，但是卻可以這樣輕松突破：

These day there is a growing tendency for college students to have difficulties in finding jobs when they graduate.(介紹背景)A large number of people hold the opinion that lack of practical knowledge, among other things, contributes to this situation. In light of this, they contend that college teachers should lay more stress on practical courses than on traditional ones. (引出有爭(zhēng)議的話題，并闡述大多數(shù)人的觀點(diǎn))For my part, I am in favour of their viewpoint。(作者觀點(diǎn))

這一段寫(xiě)得非常靈巧，第一句結(jié)合題目背景，介紹現(xiàn)如今有一種趨勢(shì)，即大學(xué)畢業(yè)生很難找到工作，緊接著作者陳述有許多人認(rèn)為這是由于學(xué)生缺少實(shí)用性的知識(shí)，并因此提出大學(xué)應(yīng)該更多關(guān)注于教授實(shí)用性的知識(shí)，這一句將有爭(zhēng)議話題的其中一方觀點(diǎn)用因果鏈條清晰闡述。最后一句表達(dá)作者自己的立場(chǎng)，就是支持前面大多數(shù)人的想法?？偟膩?lái)看，這一段只提及了對(duì)立雙方的其中一方觀點(diǎn)，然后表達(dá)自己支持這一方觀點(diǎn)。這就是一種對(duì)于開(kāi)頭段模板的超越，簡(jiǎn)單可行，只對(duì)其中一方觀點(diǎn)清晰論證，然后表達(dá)自己的立場(chǎng)，無(wú)需對(duì)另一方觀點(diǎn)贅述。這固然超越了八股文一樣的“一些人認(rèn)為……另一些人認(rèn)為……，我認(rèn)為……”，而是以四兩撥千斤的方式，重點(diǎn)講解一方觀點(diǎn)，然后巧妙表達(dá)支持的態(tài)度。

另一道可以參考的題目是有關(guān)人們認(rèn)為對(duì)于罪犯不應(yīng)該只是關(guān)在監(jiān)獄里，而應(yīng)該對(duì)他們進(jìn)行教育和勞動(dòng)改造這樣一道題目。我們依然給出這樣一段：

How to handle criminals is a problem that all countries and societies face。(引出有爭(zhēng)議的話題)Traditionally, the approach has been to punish them by placing them in prisons to pay for what they have done. Some, however, advocate for trying to make them better with training and education and it seems they may have a good point.

這一段在觀點(diǎn)描述上是“出于模板而勝于模板”的典范，范文中將觀點(diǎn)一演變?yōu)椤皞鹘y(tǒng)上，人們都采取關(guān)監(jiān)獄這種方法”，這就用陳述事實(shí)的方式，巧妙避諱了直接表達(dá)有些人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把犯人關(guān)在監(jiān)獄里;而觀點(diǎn)二以及作者觀點(diǎn)合并為一句，用一個(gè)and巧妙連接成一個(gè)并列句。開(kāi)頭段關(guān)鍵信息一網(wǎng)打盡。

雅思寫(xiě)作有哪些高分句式

1.固定賓語(yǔ)從句

仔細(xì)研究劍橋系列考官的范文，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，小作文中常用的復(fù)合句其實(shí)就是賓語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。

e.g. 舉個(gè)栗子，在《劍8》的Test 2考官范文中的第一句話：

The charts show how much a UK school spent on different running costs in three separate years: 1981, 1991 and 2001.

還有《劍7》的Test 2范文中的最后一段：

the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity...

《劍7》的Test 4的最后一段：

it is clear that...

大家不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，賓語(yǔ)從句常用在開(kāi)頭，結(jié)尾或者兩段過(guò)渡句的寫(xiě)作中。

2.翻新定語(yǔ)從句

定語(yǔ)從句是同學(xué)們復(fù)合句中用的最普遍的，也是最容易掌握的句式。但如果想要滿足對(duì)于定語(yǔ)從句的出彩使用，同學(xué)們可以參考《劍9》的Test 2范文中第四段的最后一句話：

e.g.《劍9》Test 2 This rise was particularly noticeable between 1990 and 2000, during which time the use of mobile phones tripled.

這里考官并沒(méi)有用“常規(guī)”的which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，而是使用了“介詞+關(guān)系詞”的方式，使得句子變得高大上了許多。類似的用法在《劍5》的Test 1中最后一段話也有出現(xiàn)。

可以看出比較容易操作的方式是在句子后出現(xiàn)時(shí)間的時(shí)候，使用during which或者by which這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，可以將具體圖表變化的趨勢(shì)寫(xiě)出來(lái)，或者可以直接使用關(guān)系副詞中指代時(shí)間的when。

e.g.《劍8》Test 2 This cost decreased to only 5% of total expenditure in 1991 but rose dramatically in 2001 when it represented 23% of the school budget.

3.巧用狀語(yǔ)從句

e.g.《劍7》Test 2 Although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.

這里用了讓步狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示位置最低的線，那我們不難得出結(jié)論：在動(dòng)態(tài)圖中，表述最大的數(shù)值或者最高的柱，其實(shí)都可以使用讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

比如這樣一個(gè)句子Courses made up the largest proportion in factors that influenced students’ choice and its percentage decreased from 40% to 34%.

如果我們使用讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，就可以變成了：Although Courses made up the largest..., its percentage still decreased...這樣，并列句就可以很好的轉(zhuǎn)化成狀語(yǔ)從句了。

e.g.《劍6》Test 3 This stage lasts for up to six weeks until the larva produces a cocoon of silk thread around itself.

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句是流程圖中常用的句式，還有常用的連接詞為while, since, when, after和before。

e.g.《劍5》Test 1While the figures for the Western countries grew to about 15% in around 1990, the figure for Japan dipped to only 2.5% for much of this period.

4.合并并列句

在小作文的寫(xiě)作中，中國(guó)學(xué)生最常用到的除了簡(jiǎn)單句就是由and或者but, then引導(dǎo)的并列句。那么避免過(guò)多并列句重復(fù)的一個(gè)很好的方式就是使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，即：分詞做狀語(yǔ)或者獨(dú)立主格。

《劍7》Test 2中，對(duì)于雞肉這條線的描述，同學(xué)們都會(huì)描述為：雞肉的消耗量顯示出一個(gè)上升的趨勢(shì)，并且在1980年超過(guò)羊肉，在1989年超過(guò)了牛肉。大部分同學(xué)第一反應(yīng)的句子都是：The consumption of chicken showed an upward trend and it overtook lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989.

在這個(gè)句子中，and連接了兩個(gè)并列的簡(jiǎn)單句，但兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的主語(yǔ)是一樣的，這個(gè)時(shí)候同學(xué)們就要想到分詞作狀語(yǔ)，省略其中的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)，這個(gè)被省略的主語(yǔ)和它的動(dòng)詞之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。所以overtook變成現(xiàn)在分詞的形式，那么這句話就合并為：The consumption of chicken showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980...

合并之后的句子既簡(jiǎn)潔，也能夠符合歐美人的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，考官當(dāng)然就會(huì)欣然給分。類似的表達(dá)方式還可以在很多的考官范文找到例證。有的同學(xué)可能會(huì)問(wèn)，如果并列句的主語(yǔ)不一樣呢?

e.g.《劍8》Test 1 These causes affected different regions differently in the 1990s, with Europe having a much as 9.8% of degradation due to deforestation.

在這句話中，兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句主語(yǔ)不一樣，考官采用了獨(dú)立主格的方式，將想要置于從屬地位的簡(jiǎn)單句主語(yǔ)保留，動(dòng)詞主動(dòng)關(guān)系就變成了現(xiàn)在分詞，然后加上了with，讓原本的并列句馬上顯的高大上，得分自然也就高大上了。

5.主語(yǔ)多樣化

以上的這些改換句式的方式可以很好的起到避免句式重復(fù)的方式，但是如果滿篇都是不同復(fù)合句的堆砌，多少會(huì)顯的文章過(guò)于矯情，這個(gè)時(shí)候變換簡(jiǎn)單句就能很好的起到調(diào)節(jié)的作用。變換簡(jiǎn)單句最直接的方式就是變換主語(yǔ)。英文的主語(yǔ)不同重點(diǎn)也會(huì)發(fā)生變化，所以能夠有效的起到避免重復(fù)的作用。最常用的變化主語(yǔ)就是there be句型。

e.g.《劍5》Test 1 A more dramatic rise is predicted between 2030 and 2040 in Japan.

在這個(gè)例句中，考官使用了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，并且用了上升的名詞形式做了主語(yǔ)，使得簡(jiǎn)單句也變得“不簡(jiǎn)單”了。同樣的用法還出現(xiàn)在考官的其他范文中。

e.g.《劍9》Test 2 This rise was particularly noticeable between 1999 and 2000.

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