怎樣避免雅思寫作易錯(cuò)語法
2023-09-12 10:08:15 來源:中國(guó)教育在線
同學(xué)們您是否也想知道怎樣避免雅思寫作易錯(cuò)語法,這個(gè)問題的分析和解答呢?相信你通過以下的文章內(nèi)容就會(huì)有更深入的了解,話不多說,接下來就跟著中國(guó)教育在線小編一起看看吧。
怎樣避免雅思寫作易錯(cuò)語法
1、Government claims that teacher should teach student some self-protection skills.
錯(cuò)誤分析:可數(shù)名詞不可“裸用”。
在正式英文寫作里,凡是常規(guī)的可數(shù)名詞,必須在前面有限定詞,比如冠詞 a/an/the,物主代詞 my/their/your 等等,指示代詞this/that 等等。否則,這個(gè)可數(shù)名詞就必須用復(fù)數(shù)。
在這個(gè)句子中,government要么用the government,要么用government,后面的teacher和student都一樣要加上復(fù)數(shù)。
正確:The government claims that teachers should teach students some self-protection skills.
2、Work at home using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency.
錯(cuò)誤分析:動(dòng)詞原形不能作主語。
而且在這個(gè)句子中如果work做了動(dòng)詞,后面can enhance也是動(dòng)詞,就出現(xiàn)雙謂語的情況,因此把work改成working.
正確:Working at home using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency.
3、Intelligent students should not be treated different by their teachers.
錯(cuò)誤分析:詞性使用錯(cuò)誤。
different的詞性為形容詞,而修飾形容詞或者動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候應(yīng)該用副詞。
正確:Intelligent students should not be treated differently by their teachers.
4、A lot of houses were collapsed in the earthquake.
錯(cuò)誤分析:句中出現(xiàn)雙謂語
句中 collapse已經(jīng)為動(dòng)詞,再加be動(dòng)詞之后就變成了被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),此處be純屬多余。
正確:A lot of houses collapsed in the earthquake.
5、Letters were the most important way of communication in the past , e-mail becomes its biggest rival now.
錯(cuò)誤分析:這個(gè)句子的句型并不屬于簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句或者復(fù)合句中的任何一種的定義。
因?yàn)槌霈F(xiàn)了兩套動(dòng)詞,因此我們可以將這個(gè)句子變成并列句,而前后兩句之間是對(duì)比關(guān)系,所以我們可以在中間加對(duì)比連詞或副詞,比如while。
正確:Letters were the most important way of communication in the past while now e-mail becomes its biggest rival now.
雅思寫作常犯錯(cuò)誤的分析
1. 概念的錯(cuò)誤
在寫作中,有類詞語表面上看似乎是對(duì)的,但實(shí)際上卻沒有表達(dá)出你想要表達(dá)的意思,有時(shí)恰恰適得其反。用這類詞語寫成的英語句子常常引起誤解。
① (誤)When we go into society after graduation, we will encounter many difficulties.
(正)When we start to work after graduation, we will encounter many difficulties.
“go into society”沒有漢語“進(jìn)入社會(huì)”的含義。在西方,它是指一個(gè)人到一定的年齡可以開始社會(huì)交往,如結(jié)交異性朋友,進(jìn)入某些社交或公共場(chǎng)所等。而漢語“進(jìn)入社會(huì)”一般指學(xué)生中學(xué)或大學(xué)畢業(yè)后參加工作。
② (誤)Left alone in the jungle at night ,she felt very dangerous.
(正)Left alone in the jungle at night, she felt t hat she was in great danger.
“dangerous”與作者要表達(dá)的意思完全相反。說某人dangerous,實(shí)際上是說他在某一方面對(duì)某人構(gòu)成危脅,而不是處于危險(xiǎn)的境地。這個(gè)詞用錯(cuò),意思就完全變了。原意是“她”感到處于危險(xiǎn)中。
2、搭配不當(dāng)
用詞搭配是我國(guó)學(xué)生學(xué)英語最感棘手的地方,在雅思寫作中,這種錯(cuò)誤也是經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的,所以希望大家引起重視,因?yàn)橹形睦锏哪承┰~語在不同的語境里,英語有不同的說法,而這些說法是約定俗成的,完全是習(xí)慣用法所致,我們稍有不慎,便會(huì)犯錯(cuò)?,F(xiàn)舉一些考生在考試中常犯的錯(cuò)誤:
① (誤)At college, we should learn as much knowledge as possible so t hat we can be well prepared for our future career.
(正)At college, we should acquire as much knowledge as possible so t hat we can be well prepared for our future career.
“學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)”是學(xué)生寫作時(shí)經(jīng)常用到的詞組,但不少學(xué)生都寫成learn knowledge,實(shí)際上knowledge是不能與learn搭配的,只能與acquire,obtain,absorb,accumulate ,develop,advance,gain,broaden ,enlarge,impart,derive ,deepen, brush up, digest 等詞搭配使用。
② (誤)In July, they will take part in the final term examinations.
(正)In July, they will take t he final term examinations.
“examination”或“test”不能與“take part in”搭配使用,但可以和attend, have, sit for
,conduct, enter for, get through, pass, fail等詞語用在一起。
3、用詞累贅
由于對(duì)某些詞和詞組的意思缺乏真正的理解或把要表達(dá)的意思先用中文想好,然后逐字翻譯成英語,造成累贅。例如:
① (誤)In my opinion, I think t he production and sale of fake commodities should be
banned.
(正)I think t he production and sale of fake commodities should be banned.
in my opinion與I think意思完全相同,可以刪去其中的一個(gè)。
② (誤)Scientists are trying to find a solution to solve t he problem of energy shortage .
(正)Scientist s are trying to find a solution to t he problem of energy shortage.
一個(gè)詞與它的派生詞一起出現(xiàn),造成意思重復(fù),給人以累贅的感覺,改正后的句子變得簡(jiǎn)潔多了。
③ (誤)Waste gas is t he main cause which leads to air pollution .
(正)Waste gas is t he main cause of air pollution.
cause和lead to都表原因,同時(shí)使用造成意思重復(fù)。
4、逗號(hào)連接錯(cuò)誤
中國(guó)學(xué)生在英語寫作中常常單獨(dú)使用逗號(hào)而不用句號(hào)、分號(hào)、冒號(hào)或連結(jié)詞來連接兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句。例如:
① (誤)The weather was fine, we decided to climb t he mountain.
(正)As the weather was fine, we decided to climb t he mountain.
② (誤)The [wv]prospects[/vw] are bright, the road has twists and turns.
(正)While t he prospects are bright, the road has twists and turns.
上面兩個(gè)標(biāo)有誤的句子在語法上沒有錯(cuò)誤,它錯(cuò)就錯(cuò)在逗號(hào)的使用不當(dāng)。錯(cuò)誤的根源是學(xué)生受漢語寫作習(xí)慣的影響,把漢語逗號(hào)的作用等同于英語逗號(hào)的作用。在漢語中,逗號(hào)可以單獨(dú)使用在并列分句之間。
(1)變成兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句:
The wind was blow ing very hard. They couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(2)變成并列句,用逗號(hào)加并列連接:
The wind was blowing very hard they couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(3)變成并列句,用分號(hào)連接:
The wind was blowing very hard; couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(4)變成并列句,用分號(hào)加連接性副連接:
The wind was blowing very hard ,therefore, they couldn’t go boating on lake.
(5)變成并列句,有時(shí)也可以用冒接,這時(shí)第二個(gè)分句解釋說明第一個(gè)分句
They couldn’t go boating on the lake; the wind was blowing very hard.
(6)變成復(fù)合句:
As the wind was blowing very hard they couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(7)用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句子:
The wind blowing very hard, they couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
雅思寫作高分技巧
統(tǒng)一性
一篇優(yōu)秀的作文不僅僅在于詞匯與句式的表達(dá)上,更注重的是這篇文章是否滿足了統(tǒng)一性的要求,也就是說文章是否緊扣主題,段落安排是否合理,句子論述是否恰到好處等等。統(tǒng)一性是指所寫的作文應(yīng)該緊扣主題,也就是作者的核心觀點(diǎn),并要注意人稱、文體和時(shí)態(tài)上的一致。此外,文章內(nèi)容要均衡,不偏多或缺少。
統(tǒng)一性除了從文章整體上來體現(xiàn)之外,還要求每個(gè)段落的句子同樣要滿足統(tǒng)一性。一個(gè)段落通常由主題句和擴(kuò)展句所構(gòu)成,所以句子統(tǒng)一性則體現(xiàn)在主題句和擴(kuò)展句上面。主題句是一個(gè)段落必不可少的成分,是一個(gè)段落的核心所在,也就是作者想要表達(dá)的中心觀點(diǎn),在一個(gè)段落中主題句應(yīng)該只說明一個(gè)問題,或是一個(gè)問題的某個(gè)方面。每段只應(yīng)有一個(gè)中心,任何偏離中心之外的句子都是無用的。而擴(kuò)展句則必須緊密圍繞著這個(gè)中心,給予充分說明,通過分析和議論,從而形成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體??傊?,文章的統(tǒng)一性是判斷雅思作文質(zhì)量的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一,考生要多多重視。
完整性
文章僅僅有統(tǒng)一性還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠,完整性也是不可或缺的因素。文章段落的主題思想除了由主題句提出之外,還要依靠擴(kuò)展句來實(shí)現(xiàn),這就要求擴(kuò)展句進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充和說明,比如舉出具體事例加以證明,以便把主題解釋清楚等,從而構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的段落。不過,即使擴(kuò)展句表達(dá)充分,主題句卻缺失或是沒有恰當(dāng)?shù)乇磉_(dá)出來,也會(huì)給讀者一種意猶未盡的感覺。所以,只有保證文章的完整性才會(huì)讓文章更加飽滿貼切地表達(dá)出作者的所思所想,讓讀者理解的更加透徹。
連貫性
通過上文的內(nèi)容介紹,大家對(duì)“怎樣避免雅思寫作易錯(cuò)語法”大家是不是有了一個(gè)大致的了解呢?如果大家還想了解更詳細(xì)、更多的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,則可以繼續(xù)關(guān)注本頻道,也可以向本頻道咨詢。
>> 雅思 托福 免費(fèi)測(cè)試、量身規(guī)劃、讓英語學(xué)習(xí)不再困難<<