雅思閱讀訓(xùn)練材料之高敏度人群的特點(diǎn)

隨著人們經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的提高，對(duì)于很多家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，留學(xué)不再是一個(gè)可望而不可及的事情，許多人都想要留學(xué)，那其中雅思閱讀訓(xùn)練材料之高敏度人群的特點(diǎn)？針對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題，下面中國(guó)教育在線小編就來(lái)和大家分享一下。

Do you feel like you reflect on things more than everyone else? Do you find yourself worrying about how other people feel? Do you prefer quieter, less chaotic environments?

你是否覺(jué)得自己看待事物比其他人想得多?你是否發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總在擔(dān)心其他人的感受?你是不是更喜歡安靜一些，少些嘈雜的環(huán)境?

If the above sound true to you, you may be highly sensitive. The personality trait -- which was first researched by Elaine N. Aron, Ph.D., in the early 1990s -- is relatively common, with as many as one in five people possessing it. Aron, who has written multiple studies and books on high sensitivity, including The Highly Sensitive Person, also developed a self-test (which you can take here) to help you determine if you are highly sensitive.

如果以上描述對(duì)你適用，那么你很可能屬于高敏感人群。這種個(gè)性特征是相對(duì)普遍的，每五個(gè)人中就有一人屬于此類。伊萊恩·阿隆博士在20世紀(jì)九十年代早期首次對(duì)此進(jìn)行了研究，她寫(xiě)過(guò)數(shù)篇研究報(bào)告和數(shù)本相關(guān)圖書(shū)，其中包括《高度敏感的人》。她同時(shí)也開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)自我測(cè)試來(lái)幫助你決定自己是不是高度敏感(你可以跟著這篇文章進(jìn)行測(cè)試)。

While recent interest in introversion -- driven largely by high-profile publications on the subject, including Susan Cain's book "Quiet," -- has brought more awareness to personality traits that value less stimulation and higher sensitivity, Aron notes that highly sensitive people still tend to be considered the "minority."

近期，包括蘇珊·凱因的《安靜》在內(nèi)的諸多內(nèi)向主題出版物高調(diào)發(fā)表，引起了大眾對(duì)此的極大興趣，人們更加注意到喜歡少些刺激和有著更高敏感度的個(gè)性特征。阿隆博士提到，高敏感人群現(xiàn)在仍被認(rèn)為是“少數(shù)”。

But "minority" doesn't mean bad -- in fact, being highly sensitive carries a multitude of positive characteristics. Read on for some of the commonalities shared by highly sensitive people.

但“少數(shù)”并不意味著不好——實(shí)際上，高度敏感的人有一系列積極正面的個(gè)性特征。跟著本文一起看看高敏感度人群的一些常見(jiàn)的個(gè)性特征吧。

1. They feel more deeply.

1. 他們的感受更加深刻。

One of the hallmark characteristics of highly sensitive people is the ability to feel more deeply than their less-sensitive peers. "They like to process things on a deep level," Ted Zeff, Ph.D., author of The Highly Sensitive Person's Survival Guide and other books on highly sensitive people, tells HuffPost. "They're very intuitive, and go very deep inside to try to figure things out."

高敏感度人群的特征標(biāo)志之一就是他們比低敏感的的同伴有著更深刻的感受?！八麄兿矚g在深層面掌握事物，”曾編寫(xiě)《高敏感度人群的生存指南》以及其他相關(guān)書(shū)籍的特德·澤夫博士對(duì)報(bào)社記者說(shuō)道：“他們有敏銳的直覺(jué)，會(huì)深刻思考尋找問(wèn)題的答案。”

2. They're more emotionally reactive.

2. 他們的情感反應(yīng)更豐富。

People who are highly sensitive will react more in a situation. For instance, they will have more empathy and feel more concern for a friend's problems, according to Aron. They may also have more concern about how another person may be reacting in the face of a negative event.

高敏感度的人對(duì)于一個(gè)情景會(huì)做出更多反應(yīng)。比如，根據(jù)阿隆博士的說(shuō)法，他們更會(huì)站在他人的角度考慮，對(duì)朋友遇到的難題也更有同感。他們也許會(huì)更加顧慮到其他人遇到不好的事情會(huì)怎樣反應(yīng)。

3. They're probably used to hearing, "Don't take things so personally" and "Why are you so sensitive?"

3. 他們很可能已經(jīng)習(xí)慣聽(tīng)到“別往心里去“和”為什么你這么敏感?“之類的話。

Depending on the culture, sensitivity can be perceived as an asset or a negative trait, Zeff explains. In some of his own research, Zeff says that highly sensitive men he interviewed from other countries -- such as Thailand and India -- were rarely or never teased, while highly sensitive men he interviewed from North America were frequently or always teased. "So a lot of it is very cultural -- the same person who is told, 'Oh, you're too sensitive,' in certain cultures, it's considered an asset," he says.

澤夫博士解釋道，文化決定敏感可以被視作一筆財(cái)富或者一種負(fù)面特質(zhì)。澤夫博士在研究中采訪過(guò)來(lái)自其他國(guó)家的高敏感人群，比如泰國(guó)和印度的高敏感的人很少或者幾乎沒(méi)被別人取笑過(guò)，而北美的高敏感人群經(jīng)常被作為取笑的對(duì)象?！八?，這很大程度上都和文化有關(guān)——在某些國(guó)家，同樣一個(gè)人被別人說(shuō)成‘你太敏感了!’，而在有些國(guó)家，這被視為一種個(gè)人財(cái)富，”他如此總結(jié)道。

4. They prefer to exercise solo.

4. 他們更喜歡獨(dú)自鍛煉。

Highly sensitive people may tend to avoid team sports, where there's a sense that everyone is watching their every move, Zeff says. In his research, the majority of highly sensitive people he interviewed preferred individual sports, like bicycling, running and hiking, to group sports. However, this is not a blanket rule -- there are some highly sensitive people who may have had parents who provided an understanding and supportive environment that would make it easier for them to participate in group sports, Zeff says.

澤夫博士介紹說(shuō)，高敏感的人可能傾向于避開(kāi)團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，因?yàn)樗麄儠?huì)覺(jué)得每個(gè)人都在看著他的一舉一動(dòng)。在他的研究中，他采訪的大部分高敏感的人更喜歡個(gè)人運(yùn)動(dòng)，比如騎自行車，跑步或者徒步旅行。然而，這并不適用于所有高敏感人群——由于家人提供了理解和支持的成長(zhǎng)環(huán)境，有些高敏感的人可能更容易參與群體運(yùn)動(dòng)。

5. It takes longer for them to make decisions.

5. 他們做決定需要更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

Highly sensitive people are more aware of subtleties and details that could make decisions harder to make, Aron says. Even if there is no "right" or "wrong" decision -- for example, it's impossible to choose a "wrong" flavor of ice cream -- highly sensitive people will still tend to take longer to choose because they are weighing every possible outcome. Aron's advice for dealing with this: "Take as long to decide as the situation permits, and ask for more time if you need it and can take it," she writes in a recent issue of her Comfort Zone newsletter. "During this time, try pretending for a minute, hour, day, or even week that you have made up your mind a certain way. How does that feel? Often, on the other side of a decision things look different, and this gives you a chance to imagine more vividly that you are already there." One exception: Once a highly sensitive person has come to the conclusion of what is the right decision to make and what is the wrong decision to make in a certain situation, he or she will be quick to make that "right" decision again in the future.

高敏感的人更能意識(shí)到那些讓做決定變得困難的細(xì)節(jié)，阿隆講道。即使沒(méi)有“對(duì)”或者“錯(cuò)”的選擇，比如，不可能會(huì)選到有“錯(cuò)誤”口味的冰激凌，但高敏感的人仍會(huì)考慮更久，因?yàn)樗麄兿胍饬棵總€(gè)可能的結(jié)果。對(duì)此，阿隆給出以下建議：“情況允許的情況下，能考慮多久就考慮多久，如果你需要并且可以得到，爭(zhēng)取更多時(shí)間?！彼谒淖罱黄凇妒孢m區(qū)》的通訊中寫(xiě)道，“在這段時(shí)間， 一分鐘，一小時(shí)，一天，甚至一星期，試著假裝你是以某種特定的方式做出決定的。這是什么感覺(jué)?一個(gè)選擇的相對(duì)面通?？雌饋?lái)非常不同，這樣做給你盡情想象做了另外一個(gè)選擇的機(jī)會(huì)。”例外：一個(gè)高敏感的人一旦得出正確和錯(cuò)誤選擇的結(jié)論，以后在需要做出“正確”選擇的時(shí)候他或者她會(huì)很快做出選擇。

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