（雅思課外精讀）《那不勒斯四部曲》作家新作發(fā)布

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New Italian fiction

新意大利小說(shuō)

Elena Ferrante returns to Naples, and to familiar themes

埃萊娜費(fèi)蘭特回到那不勒斯，回到熟悉的主題

The Lying Life of Adults is a dark coming-of-age tale about sexism and self-determination

《成年人的謊言生活》是一部關(guān)于性別歧視和自我決定的黑暗成長(zhǎng)故事

The Lying Life of Adults. By Elena Ferrante. Translated by Ann Goldstein Europa; 324 pages; $26 and 20.

《成年人的謊言生活》，埃萊娜費(fèi)蘭特著，Ann Goldstein Europa譯，324頁(yè)，售價(jià)26美元（合20歐元）

1. FIFTEEN MILLION readers have waited five years for a new novel by thepseudonymous Italian writer Elena Ferrante, author of a riveting quartet of stories set in Naples that shot her to global fame. The Lying Life of Adults, a dark tale, does not disappoint. Yet it also demands more of Ms Ferrantes many fans by probing even more painfully the oppression of women that drove her explosive Neapolitan saga.

一千五百萬(wàn)讀者苦苦等了五年才等到意大利作家埃琳娜費(fèi)蘭特的新小說(shuō)，此前，她那部以那不勒斯為背景的四部曲讓她一舉成名，享譽(yù)全球。《成年人的謊言生活》講述的是一個(gè)黑暗的故事，它沒(méi)有讓讀者失望。然而，這本小說(shuō)也對(duì)費(fèi)蘭特的粉絲提出了更高的要求，因?yàn)樵撔≌f(shuō)深入揭示了那不勒斯女性受到的壓迫。

2. Like My Brilliant Friend, the first in that series, this is a story of growing up: the universal struggle to separate from the family and establish a self. Ms Ferrantes genius lies in the laser focus she brings to bear on female experience. In often lacerating detail, she portrays theirprotracted battle to define themselves independently of men.

像那不勒斯四部曲第一部《我的天才女友》一樣，《成年人的謊言生活》講述的也是一個(gè)關(guān)于成長(zhǎng)的故事：努力擺脫家庭，建立自我的普遍斗爭(zhēng)。費(fèi)蘭特女士的天才在于她對(duì)女性經(jīng)歷的關(guān)注。通過(guò)那種撕裂人心的細(xì)節(jié)，她描述了女性為擺脫男性束縛，認(rèn)清自我的長(zhǎng)期斗爭(zhēng)。

3. Giovanna is 12, secure in the love of her intellectual parents until a question disrupts her world. Is she or is she not very ugly like her fathers estranged sister Vittoria, a monstrous being who taints and infects anyone who touches her? The search for an answer leads Giovanna to the depths of Naples, and the poverty-stricken neighbourhood from which her father escaped. Like the Neapolitan quartet, this story revolves around tension between thesubterranean working class and the heights occupied by wealthy intellectuals. Yet on this smaller canvas it focuses on male entitlement and the female rage that resultsand the lies about both that men and women tell themselves.

喬凡娜12歲，她父母是知識(shí)分子，她在他們的愛(ài)中獲得了安全感，直到一個(gè)問(wèn)題打破了她平靜的世界，即她是不是就像被她父親疏遠(yuǎn)的妹妹維多利亞一樣很丑？是一個(gè)丑陋的怪物，會(huì)污染那些碰了她的人？為了尋找答案，喬凡娜來(lái)到了那不勒斯，來(lái)到了她父親逃離的貧困社區(qū)。就像那不勒斯四部曲一樣，《成年人的謊言生活》圍繞著社會(huì)底層的工人階級(jí)和富有知識(shí)分子之間的緊張關(guān)系展開。然而，在這本小說(shuō)中，還關(guān)注到了男性的權(quán)利和由此產(chǎn)生的女性的憤怒以及男人女人們對(duì)自己撒的謊。

4. Like Elena and Lila, Ms Ferrantes world-famous heroines, Giovanna and her aunt Vittoria represent those with and without education. Vittoria is an older version of the brilliant andirresistible Lila, drawing Giovanna into the violent world of her neighbourhood. Yet unlike Lila, Vittoria is repellent, distorted by a life of loss and stunted opportunity. The men in this book, too, are nearly all animals who want only sex and callously upend womens lives. When a family rupture lays bare her own fathers lies, Giovanna plunges into a crisis of self-hatred in which she makes herself as ugly and obnoxious as possible.

就像埃琳娜和萊拉一樣，喬凡娜和她的阿姨維多利亞分別代表著那些受過(guò)教育和沒(méi)有受過(guò)教育的女性。萊拉美麗迷人，而維多利亞則是老年版的萊拉，把喬凡娜拉入了她所在的那個(gè)充滿暴力的世界。然而，與萊拉不同的是，維多利亞總是令人討厭，她已經(jīng)被總是遭遇失去和嚴(yán)重機(jī)會(huì)不足的生活所扭曲。小說(shuō)中的男性，也幾乎都是只在乎性的動(dòng)物，把女性的生活搞得一團(tuán)糟。當(dāng)家庭破裂暴露出她父親的謊言之后，喬凡娜陷入自我憎恨中，她想盡辦法使自己變得盡可能的丑陋和討厭。

5. This abasement is painful to witness. Readers inhabit the obsessive, anxious mind of anadolescent girl, see-sawing between pride and degradation. When a male professor takes an interest in her, redemption seems nigh. Naturally, Ms Ferrante rejects the romantic template. But Roberto is, instead, the first man to look at Giovannas eyes and not her breasts. From him she gains not love, but understanding. I felt like laughing, she reports at 16. I had been deceived in everythingbut the mistake had been to make it a tragedy. What she really wants is to be respected, she concludes: to feel she is much more than a cute or even beautiful small animal with whom a brilliant male can play a little and distract himself.

直視這種屈辱是很令人痛苦的。在這個(gè)青春期女孩的執(zhí)拗焦慮中，讀者在驕傲和墮落之間不斷搖擺。當(dāng)一位男性教授對(duì)她有好感的時(shí)候，救贖似乎就要降臨了。當(dāng)然，弗蘭特沒(méi)有讓小說(shuō)陷入浪漫愛(ài)情的俗套之中。誠(chéng)然，羅伯特是第一個(gè)盯著喬凡娜的眼睛而不是胸部看的男人。從他那里，喬凡娜收獲了理解，但是卻沒(méi)有被愛(ài)。16歲的她說(shuō),我想笑。在每一件事情上我都被欺騙了但我犯的錯(cuò)誤是，我想要把這一切變成一場(chǎng)悲劇。她總結(jié)道，她真正想要的是被尊重，是感覺(jué)自己并不僅僅是一個(gè)可愛(ài)漂亮的尤物，是一個(gè)供男人消遣玩樂(lè)的物件。

6. Fans will appreciate the many parallels with Ms Ferrantes earlier books. Stark reality coexists with magical objects, in this case not dolls or shoes but a gem-studded bracelet that propels the plot. Ms Ferrantes unique styleagain superbly captured by Ann Goldsteins translationis as urgent as ever, proceeding by confrontation and volcanic self-revelation, with little traditional description. Ms Ferrantes women are angry, prickly, intelligent and exhausted by the effort of trying to exist in a patriarchal world. So fundamental a truth is a challenge few writers take on. But then, few are as able, as Ms Ferrante has put it, to tell without distortions what I know.

這本書與弗蘭特之前的小說(shuō)有很多相似之處，粉絲們肯定會(huì)很喜歡。殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)和魔法物品并存，在小說(shuō)里面，并不是布娃娃或者鞋而是鑲滿珠寶的手鐲推動(dòng)劇情發(fā)展。弗蘭特獨(dú)特的風(fēng)格再一次被Ann Goldstein的翻譯完美地捕捉到了，小說(shuō)節(jié)奏和以往一樣的緊密，劇情由各種沖突和自我表露推動(dòng)，傳統(tǒng)的描寫很少。弗蘭特筆下的女性憤怒聰慧，在男性社會(huì)中掙扎生存，疲憊不堪。但是，很少有人能像弗蘭特說(shuō)的那樣，毫不歪曲地說(shuō)出自己所知道的一切。

精讀解析

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

P1：《成年人的謊言生活》出版，小說(shuō)揭示女性受到的壓迫。

P2：小說(shuō)內(nèi)容：講述女性的成長(zhǎng)。

P3P5：小說(shuō)女主角的經(jīng)歷及成長(zhǎng)。

P6：對(duì)小說(shuō)的評(píng)論：小說(shuō)和弗蘭特之前的小說(shuō)有很多共同之處；小說(shuō)帶有弗蘭特一貫的風(fēng)格。

重點(diǎn)單詞

coming-of-age tale 成長(zhǎng)小說(shuō)；成長(zhǎng)故事

pseudonymous/sju?d?n?m?s/ adj. 使用筆名的,匿名的

【例句】

The writings of Mark Twain are pseudonymous.

馬克吐溫的作品是用假名寫的。

riveting/r?v?t??/ adj. 吸引人的

【同根】

rivet/r?v?t/n. 鉚釘vt. 鉚接；固定；（把目光、注意力等）集中于

【例句】

The last chapter was so riveting that I was reading past midnight.

最后一章是如此引人入勝，以至于午夜過(guò)后我還在津津有味地讀著。

lacerate/ls?re?t/ vt. 撕傷, 刮傷；傷害(感情等)

【例句】

The barbed wire had lacerated her arm.

鐵絲網(wǎng)刮破了她的手臂。

protracted /pr??trkt?d/ adj. 拖延的;長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的；延長(zhǎng)的

【同根】

protract vt. 延長(zhǎng)；繪制；伸展

【例句】

The war was protracted for four years.

戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)拖延了四年。

estrange/?stre?n(d)?/ vt. 使疏遠(yuǎn)(尤指家庭成員之間)

【同根】

estrangement n. 疏遠(yuǎn)；失和

estranged adj. 分居的；疏遠(yuǎn)的，不和的；

【例句】

As devotion unites lovers,so perfidy estranges friends.

忠誠(chéng)是愛(ài)情的橋梁,欺詐是友誼的敵人。

taint/te?nt/ vt. 污染；腐蝕；使感染n. 污點(diǎn)；感染

【例句】

Bad books will taint the young mind.

壞書會(huì)毒害年青人的思想。

poverty-stricken /p?v?ti,strikn/ adj. 為貧窮所困惱的,非常貧窮的

【例句】

They are trying to build up funds to relieve the poverty-stricken families.

他們?cè)O(shè)法籌集資金來(lái)救濟(jì)非常貧困的家庭。

revolve around圍繞轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；以為中心

【例句】

The controversy revolves around whats called Apple Pay.

此番爭(zhēng)論涉及到蘋果最新的支付系統(tǒng)。

subterranean/?s?bt?re?n??n/ adj. 地表下面的;地下的

【例句】

Palm celestial being lives in the subterranean coalhole of an old building.

棕仙住在一所老房子的地下煤庫(kù)。

entitlement/in?taitlm?nt/n. 授權(quán), 有資格；有權(quán)得到的東西

【例句】

That entitlement will now be reserved mainly for victims of discrimination.

該權(quán)利現(xiàn)在主要保留在種族歧視受害者身上。

irresistible/?r?z?st?b(?)l/ adj. 不可抵抗的；不能壓制的；極為誘人的【例句】I had an almost irresistible impulse to giggle.我有一種幾乎難以抗拒的沖動(dòng)，想要哈哈大笑。

repellent /r?pel(?)nt/ n. 驅(qū)蟲劑adj. 令人反感的;令人厭惡的【例句】Therere mosquito repellents available in the shops.在商店可以買到驅(qū)蚊劑。His behaviour was repellent.他的行為令人反感。

callous/kl?s/ adj. 起老繭的；無(wú)情的；硬結(jié)的；麻木的vt. 使硬結(jié)；使生繭；使冷酷無(wú)情【例句】She was selfish, arrogant and often callous.她自私傲慢, 而且往往冷酷無(wú)情。

upend /?pend/ v. 顛倒,倒放【例句】He upended his opponent.他把對(duì)手打倒。

rupture /r?pt??/ vt. 使破裂；斷絕；發(fā)生疝n. 破裂；決裂；疝氣【例句】They reported that the pipeline had ruptured.他們報(bào)告說(shuō)管道已經(jīng)破裂了。

plunge into投入；跳入；突然或倉(cāng)促地開始某事【例句】A shard of dragonglass plunged into your heart.一片龍晶刺進(jìn)你的心臟。

self-hatred自我憎恨【例句】It keeps undermining relationships, generates endless problems around sex, saps confidence, brings anxieties, self hatred and shame.它會(huì)不斷地破壞你的人際關(guān)系，會(huì)造成關(guān)于性方面無(wú)休止的問(wèn)題：削弱自信心、帶來(lái)焦慮、自我憎惡并覺(jué)得羞恥。

obnoxious /?bn?k??s/ adj. 極不愉快的;討厭的;可憎的n. 討厭;可惡【例句】These fires produce really obnoxious fumes and smoke.這些火爐冒出來(lái)的煙氣確實(shí)很難聞。

abasement/?beism?nt/ n. 降低

【例句】

He refused to abase himself in the eyes of others.

他不愿在他人面前被貶低。

adolescent/d?les(?)nt/ adj. 青春期的, 青少年的n. 青少年

【例句】

The adolescent period is ones best time.

青少年時(shí)期是一個(gè)人最美好的一段時(shí)光。

see-saw /si:s?:/ n. 蹺蹺板vi. 上下移動(dòng)

【例句】

We might even see-saw between both counterproductive poles.

我們甚至可能看到雙方針鋒相對(duì)的情況。

degradation/?degr?de??(?)n/ n. 下降,降低;降級(jí)；墮落;丟臉

【例句】

We must try to minimize environmental degradation.

我們必需努力將環(huán)境退化最小化。

nigh/na?/ prep. 近于adj. 在附近的；直接的adv. 在附近地；幾乎

【短語(yǔ)】

well nigh 幾乎

draw nigh 接近，臨近

【例句】

He was nigh upon 20 miles.

他離家差不多有20英里。

template/temple?t/ n. 模板

【例句】

This template of love is a historical creation.

這種愛(ài)情模版是歷史的產(chǎn)物。

gem-studded /d?em,st?did/ adj. 鑲滿寶石的【例句】Thats a gem-studded comb. 那是一把鑲滿寶石的梳子。

confrontation/?k?nfr?n?te???n/ n. 對(duì)抗, 對(duì)抗的事物【例句】We cant risk another confrontation with the union.我們不能冒再次同工會(huì)對(duì)抗的危險(xiǎn)。

self-revelation/self,rev?lei??n/ n. 無(wú)意的表露自己的情感,表露自己的本性【例句】Were here to assist and support you in self-revelation and self-realisation, so that you may express yourself. 我們?cè)谶@里是為了協(xié)助和支持你揭示自己和領(lǐng)悟自己，以便你能表達(dá)你自己。

prickly/pr?kl?/ adj. 多刺的；刺痛的,扎人的；棘手的,難處理的【例句】Heat sometimes causes a prickly rash on the skin.熱有時(shí)使皮膚上生剌痛的疹子。

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