（雅思課外精讀）泰國(guó)學(xué)生為發(fā)型自由抗?fàn)?/h1>

2024-07-08 15:27:40 來(lái)源：中國(guó)教育在線(xiàn)

【雅思課外精讀】泰國(guó)學(xué)生為發(fā)型自由抗?fàn)?，很多同學(xué)對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題有疑問(wèn)和不解，那么下面就跟著中國(guó)教育在線(xiàn)的小編詳細(xì)了解一下吧。

Personal freedom in Thailand

泰國(guó)的個(gè)人自由

Pupils fight for the right to be hirsute

學(xué)生為發(fā)型自由抗?fàn)?/p>

1. At a busy intersection in Bangkok 15-year-old Benjamaporn Nivas sits in her school uniform with her hands bound behind her and her mouth taped shut. A sign hanging from her neck reads This pupil violates school rules by wearing her hair long, past her ears and with a fringe. Please punish her. On Ms Benjamaporns lap lies a large pair of scissors to help passers-by fulfill the request by administering a more suitable hair-do.

在曼谷一個(gè)繁忙的十字路口，15歲的Benjamaporn Nivas穿著校服，雙手被綁在身后，嘴巴被膠帶封住了，脖子上還掛著一塊牌子，上面寫(xiě)著：該學(xué)生頭發(fā)超過(guò)耳垂，留有劉海，違反了規(guī)定，請(qǐng)懲罰她。她膝蓋上還放著一把剪刀，路人可以用剪刀來(lái)幫助她管理發(fā)型。

2. When Ms Benjamaporn appeared in this way in late June, she was not actually being punished by her school, but rather was trying to draw attention to the humiliating hair-related discipline teachers in Thailand often inflict on students. She was, predictably, punished for doing so, by the police, who forced her to abandon her protest within hours. A week later she and other members of a campaign group called Bad Student had submitted more than 300 complaints to the ministry of education on behalf of pupils who had been given haircuts by their teachers over the previous four months alone.

Benjamaporn是6月下旬開(kāi)始這一行為的，她實(shí)際上并不是受到了學(xué)校的懲罰，而是為了讓泰國(guó)民眾關(guān)注公立學(xué)校的發(fā)型規(guī)定，該規(guī)定允許老師對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行發(fā)型相關(guān)的羞辱性懲罰。不出所料，她因此受到了警方的懲罰，只用了幾個(gè)小時(shí)，警方就迫使她放棄了抗議。一周后，她和一個(gè)名為壞學(xué)生的運(yùn)動(dòng)組織的其他成員代表那些在過(guò)去四個(gè)月里被老師強(qiáng)行理過(guò)發(fā)的學(xué)生，向教育部提交了300多份投訴。

3. The enforcement of uniform hairstylescrew-cuts for boys and fringeless bobs for girlsdates to a dress code introduced in 1972 by Thanom Kittikachorn, a military dictator who was later toppled in a student-led uprising. The dress code was subsequently relaxed, and as recently as May the education ministry reiterated that rules on hair and attire are up to schools, but many remain extremely strict.

泰國(guó)要求統(tǒng)一發(fā)型，男孩需得留平頭，女孩留無(wú)劉海波波頭，這一規(guī)定可以始于1972年，當(dāng)時(shí)的軍事獨(dú)裁者Thanom Kittikachorn提出了這一著裝規(guī)定，他后來(lái)在一場(chǎng)學(xué)生主導(dǎo)的起義中被推翻，隨后，泰國(guó)的著裝規(guī)定有所放松。就在今年五月，教育部重申學(xué)生的發(fā)型和著裝由學(xué)校決定，但是很多學(xué)校的規(guī)定還是很?chē)?yán)格。

4. Teachers often shear pupils ineptly on purpose. Photos and videos of haphazard orlopsided cuts administered by zealous educators abound on social media. A student in Yasothon province in north-east Thailand had a T shaved into his hair as punishment for refusing to cut it shorter. Another in Sisaket had half her locks trimmed in front of the whole school. One side was long, while the other was short. I was embarrassed, she told local reporters. Pupils argue that the issue goes beyond fashion. It is about having rights over our bodies and reforming an ossified education system. If you do not prostrate yourself or obey the elders you are deemed bad, explains Ms Benjamaporn. Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal, a university student who caused a stir in 2016 by refusing to prostrate himself before the statue of a former king, describes such practices as oppression resulting from decades under the military disguised as traditions. In 2018 an o?cial at the education ministry told local papers: It is to the bene?t of the military government and conservative members of the ruling class that young Thais learn a rigid system from an early age.

老師經(jīng)常故意亂剪學(xué)生頭發(fā)。社交媒體上到處都是教師們隨便亂剪學(xué)生頭發(fā)的視頻和照片。泰國(guó)東北部亞索托省的一名學(xué)生因?yàn)榫芙^把頭發(fā)剪短受到了懲罰，他的頭發(fā)被剃成了一個(gè)T字形。西薩格的一個(gè)女孩在全校師生面前被剪掉了一半的頭發(fā)。她告訴當(dāng)?shù)赜浾撸何业念^發(fā)一半長(zhǎng)，一半短，很尷尬。學(xué)生們認(rèn)為這并不是時(shí)尚。Benjamaporn 說(shuō)這關(guān)乎我們是否擁有身體控制權(quán)，關(guān)護(hù)改革僵化的教育體系。如果你不聽(tīng)長(zhǎng)輩的話(huà)，你就是壞孩子。2016年，一名名叫Netiwit Chotiphatphaisal的大學(xué)生因?yàn)榫芙^在一位前國(guó)王的雕像前下跪而引起了一場(chǎng)騷動(dòng)，他將在國(guó)王雕像面前下跪這種行為稱(chēng)為幾十年來(lái)偽裝成傳統(tǒng)的軍事壓迫。2018年，教育部的一名官員告訴當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙:年輕的泰國(guó)人很小就了解嚴(yán)格的制度，這對(duì)政府和統(tǒng)治階級(jí)保守派成員都是很有益處的。

5. Yukti Mukdawijitra of Thammasat University believes that public punishments are a way toembed a culture of unquestioning obedience to authority. Social media, however, have given pupils a way to fight back. The generals who run Thailand have in recent years been clampingdown on dissent, banning nettlesome political parties and tightening restrictions on online criticism. But young Thais do not seem to like being told what to doand some, at least, are not afraid to say so.

法政大學(xué)的Yukti Mukdawijitra認(rèn)為，公開(kāi)懲罰是灌輸絕對(duì)服從權(quán)威這一文化的一種方式。然而，社交媒體給了學(xué)生們抗?fàn)幍臋C(jī)會(huì)。近年來(lái)，泰國(guó)統(tǒng)治者一直在壓制異見(jiàn)者，打擊政黨，限制網(wǎng)絡(luò)批評(píng)。但是，新一代泰國(guó)人并不喜歡被別人指使應(yīng)該做什么，或者說(shuō)，很多年輕泰國(guó)人不害怕說(shuō)自己不愿被人控制。

精讀解析

篇章結(jié)構(gòu)

P1P2：由Benjamaporn Nivas的例子引入，泰國(guó)年輕人反抗嚴(yán)格的著裝規(guī)定。

P3P4：泰國(guó)嚴(yán)格著裝規(guī)定歷史悠久，至今仍然嚴(yán)格，教師大力懲罰不遵守規(guī)定的學(xué)生。

P5：泰國(guó)嚴(yán)格著裝是統(tǒng)治階層控制人們，宣揚(yáng)服從權(quán)威的方式；很多太過(guò)年輕人不愿遵守規(guī)定，選擇抗?fàn)帯?/p>

重點(diǎn)單詞

intersection/?nt?sek?(?)n/ n. 橫斷; 交叉；交叉點(diǎn), 十字路口

【例句】

The policeman regulated traffic at the intersection.

警察在交叉路口指揮交通。

administer /?dm?n?st?/ vt. 管理, 支配；給予；執(zhí)行, 實(shí)施

【例句】

It takes brains to administer upon a large corporation.

管理一家大公司需要智慧。

inflict on 使承擔(dān)（痛苦，負(fù)擔(dān)等）；給以（打擊，懲罰等）

【例句】

More important, the presidents mercantilism blinds him to the damage he could inflict on America.

更重要的是，特朗普的重商主義讓他看不到對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)造成的傷害。

crew-cut n. 平頭

【例句】

One six-foot, 250-pound bruiser with a crew cut started booing even before they finished my introduction.

還沒(méi)開(kāi)始自我介紹，一個(gè)6尺，250磅，留著平頭的彪形大漢就開(kāi)始發(fā)出噓聲。

fringeless bob 無(wú)劉海波波頭

dictator/d?kte?t?/ n. 獨(dú)裁者；命令者

【例句】

The dictators policies had soon disaffected the people.

獨(dú)裁者的政策很快就使人民大為不滿(mǎn)。

topple/t?p(?)l/ vt. 顛覆；推翻；使倒塌

【短語(yǔ)】

topple over v. 推翻；倒塌；顛覆

topple down 推翻；倒塌

【例句】

The general is accused of conniving in a plot to topple the government.

將軍被指控縱容一個(gè)顛覆政府的陰謀。

uprising /?pra?z??/ n. 起義, 暴動(dòng)

【例句】

He was killed in the Warsaw uprising.

他在華沙起義中犧牲了。

dress code著裝規(guī)范

reiterate/ri??t?re?t/ vt. 反復(fù)地說(shuō),重申n. 反復(fù)地說(shuō),重申adj. 反復(fù)說(shuō)的,重申的

【例句】

The boy do not move though the teacher reiterate her command.

雖然教師一再命令，但這孩子動(dòng)都不動(dòng)。

attire /?ta??/ n. 服裝；盛裝vt. 打扮；使穿衣

【短語(yǔ)】

splendid attire 華麗的服飾; 盛裝;

attire in 穿上

night attire 睡衣

casual attire 休閑裝

【例句】

He piqued himself on his stylish attire.

他為自己頗具風(fēng)格的著裝而自豪

ineptly/ineptli/ adv. 不適當(dāng)?shù)?；無(wú)能地

【同根】

inept adj. 不適當(dāng)?shù)模槐孔镜?/p>

【例句】

He was an inept politician.

他是個(gè)無(wú)能的政客。

on purpose有目的地，故意地

【例句】

I dont think he stepped on your toes on purpose.

我想他不是有意傷害你的感情。

haphazard /hphz?d/ adj. 偶然的, 隨意的, 無(wú)計(jì)劃的

【例句】

The town grew in a haphazard way.

這城鎮(zhèn)無(wú)計(jì)劃地隨意發(fā)展。

lopsided/l?psa?d?d/ adj. 不平等的；兩側(cè)不勻稱(chēng)〔不平衡〕的;向一側(cè)歪斜的

【例句】

The lopsided load on the lorry looked dangerous.

貨車(chē)上傾斜的貨物,看樣子很危險(xiǎn)。

zealous/zel?s/ adj. 熱心的，熱情的，積極的

【例句】

She is a zealous supporter of our cause.

她是我們事業(yè)的熱心支持者。

ossified/?sifaid/ adj. 已骨化的；僵化的

【同根】

ossify vt.vi. 骨化,硬化;使僵化

ossification n. 骨化；成骨；（思想的）僵化

【例句】

His thinking has ossified as hes grown older;he wont accept new ideas.

隨著年歲的增長(zhǎng),他的思想僵化了,他不接受新觀點(diǎn)。

prostrate /pr?stre?t/ adj. 臥倒的, 俯臥的, 拜倒的(尤指因筋疲力盡或?yàn)楸硎卷槒?、敬意?；被某事物所制服的;瓦解的;無(wú)能為力的vt. 使俯伏;使拜倒；(指疾病、天氣等)使某人無(wú)能為力

【例句】

He was prostrated by the loss of his wife.

他因喪妻而憂(yōu)郁。

conservative/k?n?s?:v?tiv/ n. 保守的人adj. 保守的, 守舊的；(式樣等)不時(shí)新的, 傳統(tǒng)的

【例句】

He is a conservative member of the church.

他是一個(gè)守舊教會(huì)教友。

embed/?mbed/ vt. 栽種；使嵌入，使插入；使深留腦中

【例句】

The arrow embedded itself in the wall.

箭牢牢地扎進(jìn)墻里。

clamp down 取締；施加壓力，強(qiáng)行壓制

clamp down on （對(duì)）進(jìn)行壓制（或取締）

【例句】

The government should clamp down on environment polluters.

政府應(yīng)該對(duì)環(huán)境污染者實(shí)施管制。

nettlesome/netls?m/ adj. 令人激惱的；易怒的；煩人的

【例句】

Beyond the nettlesome issue of abetting government censorship, they said six weeks was not enough time to shift production on such a large scale.

除了教唆政府監(jiān)控的惱人的問(wèn)題之外，他們還稱(chēng)要在六個(gè)月之內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)如此大規(guī)模的生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變，時(shí)間不寬裕。

dissent/d?sent/ n. 意見(jiàn)的分歧vi. 不同意, 持異議

【短語(yǔ)】

dissent from 不贊同；與意見(jiàn)不同

【例句】

He attacked the indulgence shown to religious dissenters.

他抨擊對(duì)宗教上持不同政見(jiàn)者表現(xiàn)出的寬容。

The regime ruthlessly suppresses all dissent.

這個(gè)政權(quán)殘酷壓制所有不同意見(jiàn)。

重點(diǎn)句子

The enforcement of uniform hairstylescrew-cuts for boys and fringeless bobs for girlsdates to a dress code introduced in 1972 by Thanom Kittikachorn, a military dictator who was later toppled in a student-led uprising.

關(guān)于【雅思課外精讀】泰國(guó)學(xué)生為發(fā)型自由抗?fàn)庍@個(gè)問(wèn)題本文的分享就到這里結(jié)束了，如果您還想了解更多相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，那么可以持續(xù)關(guān)注本頻道。

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