一、主語從句
即在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語成分的句子,例如"That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all",他在很短的時間內(nèi)寫完作文讓我們都很驚訝,此復(fù)合句主要描述的是某事讓我們驚訝,某事就是該復(fù)合句的主語,因此"That he finished writing the composition in such a short time"便是該復(fù)合句的主語從句。
that引導(dǎo)
That he is still alive is a wonder. 他還活著,真是奇跡。
That we shall be late is certain. 我們要晚了,這是確定無疑的。
whether引導(dǎo)
Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否對我們有害還要看一看。
Whether they would support us was a problem. 他們是否會支持我們還是一個問題。
連接代詞引導(dǎo)
Whoever is top from wins the game when two matched players meet. 兩強(qiáng)相爭勇者勝。
Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 無論(你們)誰先到都可以得獎。
連接副詞引導(dǎo)
When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么時候到?jīng)]有關(guān)系。
How it was done was a mystery. 這是怎樣做的是一個謎。
關(guān)系代詞型what引導(dǎo)
What we need is money. 我們需要的是錢。
What I want to know is this. 知道的就是這一點(diǎn)。
二、賓語從句
賓語從句的連接詞:that;
結(jié)構(gòu):主語+謂語+賓語(陳述句語序)、從屬連詞。
連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether,和特殊疑問詞(what, how, where, when等)。that引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語從句,if和whether,whether...or not引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的一般疑問句的賓語從句。
that引導(dǎo)
We believe that he is honest.
我們相信他是誠實(shí)的。
The doctor insists that I give up smoking.
醫(yī)生堅持要我戒煙。
whether / if引導(dǎo)
I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time.
我不知道他是否能及時到。
I didn’t know whether they liked the place.
我不知道他們是否喜歡這個地方。
連接代詞引導(dǎo)
I don’t know who [whom] you mean.
我不知道你指誰。
Please tell me which you like.
告訴我你喜歡哪一個。
連接副詞引導(dǎo)
He asked why he had to go alone.
他問他為什么必須一個人去。
You don’t know when you are lucky.
你身在福中不知福。
關(guān)系代詞what引導(dǎo)
She has got what she wanted.
她要的東西得到了。
I want to tell you what I hear.
把聽到的情況告訴你。
三、表語從句
表語從句(Predicative Clause)就是用一個句子作為表語。說明主語是什么或者怎么樣,由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語充
The reason why he was dismissed is that he was careless and irresponsible.
他被開除的原因是他粗心和不負(fù)責(zé)任。
Women are much too preoccupied with family. Once the marriage begins to disintegrate, they’re lost. That’s where their unhappiness springs from and that’s why most divorced mothers regard themselves as victims.
婦女對家庭都太過投入了。一旦婚姻瓦解,她們就什么都沒了。那就是他們不開心的根源和為什么大多數(shù)離婚的母親都認(rèn)為自己是受害者的原因。
Change is what keeps us fresh and innovative. Change is what keeps us from getting stale. Change is what keeps us young. 改變使我們保持創(chuàng)新。改變使我們遠(yuǎn)離陳腐。改變讓我們永葆青春。
This is because it is young people in our society who are able to impose changes.
這是因?yàn)槲覀兩鐣械哪贻p人才能帶來改變。(此句子中有一個強(qiáng)調(diào)句)
Another reason for this is that old buildings, like native languages, form a cultural identity and keep a unique record of a country.
另一個原因是:舊建筑,就像母語一樣,組成了文化特征,保存了一個國家獨(dú)有的記錄。
通過上文的內(nèi)容介紹,大家對“托福寫作常用語法句型(2)”大家是不是有了一個大致的了解呢?如果大家還想了解更詳細(xì)、更多的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,則可以繼續(xù)關(guān)注本頻道,也可以向本頻道咨詢。