托福tpo64聽力conversation1 grand narrative
2024-04-19 18:08:09 來源：中國教育在線
托福tpo64聽力conversation1 grand narrative，今天中國教育在線就來為大家分析這個問題。
grand narrative托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案
一、grand narrative托福聽力原文：
Listen to a conversation between a student and a philosophy professor.
Male Professor:Hi,Melissa,you're rough draft for your paper is looking very promising so far.
Female Student:Thanks.I still have some reading to do.Post-modernism is pretty challenging.so...
Male Professor:well，you're off to a good start.So anything else about the class or post-modernism since we have a few minutes before my next appointment?
Female Student:Well,actually in class,you talked about a French philosopher.Uh,Lyotard.You said he didn't believe in stories or something like that,that stories were invalid.
Male Professor:Okay.I think I see,uh,first of all,you understand what he um,remember what Lyotard said about the uh.the grand narrative?
Female Student:Not really.
Male Professor:Okay，have a seat.
Female Student:All right.
Male Professor:It's not quite the same way you're thinking of narratives,not stories.Lyotard,meant narrative as in a way of understanding the world.
Female Student:Um.I uh.
Male Professor:How can I explain this uh,grand narrative...It's...It's like an idea that that helps people make sense of history.Like when you picture the early middle ages in Europe,but what do you think?
Female Student:Okay,like,um,there weren't a lot of cultural achievements then,lots of wars,but not a lot of important art or books or anything,like it was the Dark Ages.
Male Professor:All right that that's a simple explanation of a time in history,right?Something that tends to be accepted or understood by most people.That makes it a grand narrative.Here's a more recent one.Scientific progress.
Female Student:Ah,ha.
Male Professor:People look at important inventions throughout history,light bulbs,cars,computers.And we generally believe that there's an underlying universal truth,that modern technology makes the world better.It's been the belief for so long that people accept it as being true.We don't even think of it much.We just accept that modern technology has that effect.
Female Student:Well.it does make our lives better.
Male Professor:All right.This is where Lyotard comes in.He believed we have to be careful about accepting ideas like that.He said these beliefs really oversimplify things and that we should think more critically.Are there times when technology would not be considered progressive where it doesn't bring improvement?
Female Student:Oh.I don't know,uh,pollution,but I…
Male Professor:No,no,that's good.It would be hard to say pollution was a form of improving the world.
Female Student:But isn't pollution just a side effect of...?Oh!So it kind of goes against the grand narrative about technology.It complicates things.
Male Professor:Yeah.And that's a basic idea behind post-modernism,that we should be skeptical of grand narratives,because there's a good chance they are not completely true.
Female Student:You mean?
Male Professor:Well，not to say there's no truth in grand narratives.Of course.It's just that nothing is as simple and straightforward as it seems.We should look critically at the things we assume.
Female Student:Okay.I....I think I get it.Thanks.
二、grand narrative托福聽力中文翻譯：
聽學生和哲學教授之間的對話。
男教授：嗨，梅麗莎，你的論文初稿很粗糙，到目前為止看起來很有希望。
女學生：謝謝。我還有一些書要讀。后現(xiàn)代主義極具挑戰(zhàn)性。所以
男教授：嗯，你有了一個好的開始。那么，在我下一次約會前幾分鐘，我們還有關于課堂或后現(xiàn)代主義的其他事情嗎？
女學生：嗯，實際上在課堂上，你談到了一位法國哲學家。利奧塔。你說他不相信故事之類的，故事是無效的。
男教授：好的。我想我看到了，呃，首先，你明白他，呃，記得利奧塔關于這個的話。大敘事？
女學生：不是真的。
男教授：好的，請坐。
女學生：好的。
男教授：這和你思考故事的方式不太一樣，不是故事。利奧塔，意思是敘述，作為一種理解世界的方式。
女學生：嗯。我，呃。
男教授：我該如何解釋這個宏大的敘事……它就像一個幫助人們理解歷史的想法。比如當你想象歐洲中世紀早期的時候，你會怎么想？
女學生：好吧，就像，嗯，當時沒有很多文化成就，很多戰(zhàn)爭，但沒有很多重要的藝術或書籍或其他東西，就像是黑暗時代。
男教授：好吧，這是對歷史上某個時期的簡單解釋，對吧？被大多數(shù)人接受或理解的事物。這使它成為一個宏大的故事。這是最近的一個?？茖W進步。
女學生：啊，哈。
男教授：人們關注歷史上的重要發(fā)明，比如燈泡、汽車和電腦。我們普遍認為，有一個普遍的基本真理，即現(xiàn)代技術使世界變得更美好。這一信念由來已久，人們都認為這是真的。我們甚至不怎么想它。我們只是接受現(xiàn)代技術具有這種效果。
女學生：嗯。它確實讓我們的生活更美好。
男教授：好的。這就是利奧塔的用武之地。他認為我們在接受這樣的想法時必須小心。他說，這些信念真的把事情簡單化了，我們應該更批判性地思考。有沒有過這樣的時候，技術不會被認為是進步的，因為它不會帶來進步？
女學生：哦。我不知道，呃，污染，但我…
男教授：不，不，那很好。很難說污染是改善世界的一種方式。
女學生：但污染不只是…的副作用嗎。。。？哦所以這有點違背了關于科技的宏大敘事。這會使事情復雜化。
男教授：是的。這是后現(xiàn)代主義背后的一個基本理念，我們應該對宏大的敘事持懷疑態(tài)度，因為它們很可能不是完全正確的。
女學生：你是說？
男教授：嗯，這并不是說宏大的敘事中沒有真理。當然只是沒有什么事情像看上去那么簡單和直接。我們應該批判地看待我們假設的事情。
女學生：好的。一、…我想我明白了。謝謝
三、grand narrative托福聽力問題：
Q1:What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A.A paper the woman is writing about a philosopher
B.A disagreement between two philosophers about a term
C.The interpretation of a term used in a philosopher’s work
D.The professor’s opinion about a philosopher
Q2:Why does the professor ask the woman about the early Middle Ages?
A.To elicit an example of a grand narrative
B.To make a point about changes in technology
C.To encourage her to compare two grand narratives
D.To present an example that contradicts Lyotard’s idea
Q3:What points does the professor make about scientific progress?[Click on 2 answers.]
A.Historically,people have believed that it improves the world.
B.According to Lyotard,it has caused more harm than good.
C.It is part of a grand narrative that has changed over time.
D.According to Lyotard,its benefits should be questioned.
Q4:Why does the woman mention pollution?
A.To demonstrate the problem with Lyotard’s claim
B.To ask how important it is in Lyotard’s argument
C.To illustrate the negative effects of technology
D.To introduce another grand narrative
Q5:What does the professor mean when he says this:
A.He is going to change the topic of the conversation.
B.He is going to challenge the woman’s belief.
C.He wants to clarify the time period in question.
D.He wants to correct a statement he made earlier.
四、grand narrative托福聽力答案：
A1:正確答案：C
A2:正確答案：A
A3:正確答案：AD
A4:正確答案：C
A5:正確答案：B
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