托福tpo58聽力conversation2 Interferometers
2024-04-22 10:14:30 來源：中國教育在線
托福tpo58聽力conversation2 Interferometers，那么接下來就跟著中國教育在線的小編詳細了解一下吧。
Interferometers托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案
一、Interferometers托福聽力原文：
NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in an astronomy class.
MALE PROFESSOR:So your reading assignment focused on the technology…telescopes…and how they’ve changed astronomy.And there was a section on the Hooker telescope…So why was the Hooker telescope so important?Let’s talk about that before we move on to some of the newer technologies.Now back in the 1920s,the Hooker telescope was the most powerful telescope in the world.And through it we could see,see for the first time,that the universe extends far,far beyond the Milky Way galaxy.We could see that there are multiple galaxies beyond it…and all these galaxies are moving away from one another.So multiple galaxies…moving away from each other…led to the theory…
MALE STUDENT:The big bang theory?
MALE PROFESSOR:Exactly.And that theory,that 15 billion years ago an explosion started the expansion of the universe,well,at the time that was a pretty revolutionary idea.
MALE STUDENT:And the Hooker telescope was responsible for that?
MALE PROFESSOR:Yes,because it allowed us to see that far,and being able to see that far led to,well it led to the big bang theory…But let’s move on.The reading assignment discussed another tool for scanning the universe:the interferometer.Claudia,what can you tell me about interferometers?
FEMALE STUDENT:OK.An interferometer is a machine,made of two or more conventional telescopes.I think the example they gave in the book was made from six?And they’re spread out;they’re not right next to each other.And then the light,the starlight that those telescopes gather,travels through pipes to some computers,and then the computers put all the light together to make one image.
MALE PROFESSOR:OK.Good.Although,maybe that explanation is a bit simplistic.There may be a thousand or so meters of pipe carrying the starlight from the telescopes to the computers.And then getting all those components to work together,to synchronize,so the light from all the different telescopes reaches the computers at exactly the same time,that’s the challenge of working with interferometers.What else can you tell me,what’s the advantage here,Paul?
MALE STUDENT:Alright,I think the idea isn’t that it sees farther,but that the image you see is a lot sharper.There’s more detail.
MALE PROFESSOR:A lot more detail.The image we get is something like 50 times finer than what you get with a single-mirror,conventional telescope.So,why is that important?Now,think back a minute.A couple weeks ago we looked at Castor,in the Gemini constellation.What do you remember about that?
FEMALE STUDENT:Well,through our telescope here,a conventional telescope,Castor looked like a single star,but you told us that it wasn’t.It’s actually six stars orbiting,kind of dancing,around each other.Oh,I get it.
MALE STUDENT:And an interferometer would be able to see six separate stars?
MALE PROFESSOR:Yes.Remember,single stars like our Sun are the exception,not the rule.So more often than not you have two,three,or more stars clustered around each other,like Castor.Not only that,but even a star’s dimensions,um,a conventional telescope won’t tell you,you can’t determine a star’s dimension because you can’t tell exactly how far away it is.And there are other things as well:How do stars behave as they age?Why do they cluster together?What was our Sun like in the past?Can we predict giant flares or periods of dimming?And interferometers will certainly help us find planets,and of course the more planets you find,the greater the possibility of finding planets that may support life.
MALE STUDENT:So do you think interferometers will have the kind of impact the Hooker telescope had?
MALE PROFESSOR:I doubt it.Remember,big bang was a really revolutionary theory.But then again,if an interferometer is used to locate a planet that supports life…well that’s another story altogether.
二、Interferometers托福聽力中文翻譯：
旁白：在天文學課上聽講座的一部分。
男教授：所以你的閱讀任務(wù)集中在技術(shù)…望遠鏡…以及它們?nèi)绾胃淖兲煳膶W。胡克望遠鏡上有一個部分……為什么胡克望遠鏡如此重要？在我們繼續(xù)討論一些新技術(shù)之前，讓我們先談?wù)勥@個問題?；氐?0世紀20年代，胡克望遠鏡是世界上最強大的望遠鏡。通過它，我們可以看到，第一次看到，宇宙遠遠超出了銀河系。我們可以看到在它后面有多個星系……所有這些星系都在彼此遠離。所以多個星系…彼此遠離…導致了這個理論…
男學生：大爆炸理論 ；
男教授：沒錯。這個理論認為，150億年前的一次爆炸開始了宇宙的膨脹，當時這是一個相當革命性的想法。
男學生：胡克望遠鏡對此負責嗎？
男教授：是的，因為它能讓我們看到那么遠，并且能夠看到那么遠導致了大爆炸理論……但讓我們繼續(xù)。閱讀作業(yè)討論了另一種掃描宇宙的工具：干涉儀?？藙诘蠇I，你能告訴我什么是干涉儀嗎？
女學生：好的。干涉儀是一臺機器，由兩個或多個常規(guī)望遠鏡組成。我想他們在書中舉的例子是六個？它們散開了；他們不在一起。然后這些望遠鏡收集的光線，星光，通過管道傳輸?shù)揭恍┯嬎銠C，然后計算機將所有的光線組合在一起形成一個圖像。
男教授：好的，很好。雖然，這種解釋可能有點過于簡單。可能有上千米左右的管道將星光從望遠鏡傳送到計算機。然后讓所有這些組件一起工作，同步，這樣來自所有不同望遠鏡的光可以同時到達計算機，這就是使用干涉儀的挑戰(zhàn)。你還能告訴我什么，保羅，這有什么好處？
男學生：好的，我認為這個想法并不是說它看得更遠，而是你看到的圖像更清晰。還有更多細節(jié)。
男教授：更多細節(jié)。我們得到的圖像比用單鏡、傳統(tǒng)望遠鏡得到的圖像精細50倍。那么，為什么這很重要？現(xiàn)在，回想一下。幾周前，我們觀察了雙子星座中的卡斯托。你還記得那件事嗎？
女學生：通過我們這里的望遠鏡，傳統(tǒng)的望遠鏡，卡斯托看起來像一顆恒星，但你告訴我們它不是。它實際上是六顆恒星圍繞彼此旋轉(zhuǎn)，有點像跳舞。哦，我明白了。
男學生：干涉儀能看到六顆不同的恒星嗎？
男教授：是的。記住，像太陽這樣的恒星是例外，而不是規(guī)則。因此，經(jīng)常會有兩顆、三顆或更多恒星圍繞在一起，就像卡斯托一樣。不僅如此，即使是恒星的尺寸，嗯，傳統(tǒng)的望遠鏡也不會告訴你，你無法確定恒星的尺寸因為你無法確切地知道它離你有多遠。還有其他的事情：恒星在變老時的行為如何？他們?yōu)槭裁淳墼谝黄穑窟^去我們的太陽是什么樣子的？我們能預(yù)測巨大的耀斑或暗淡期嗎？干涉儀肯定會幫助我們找到行星，當然，你找到的行星越多，找到支持生命的行星的可能性就越大。
男學生：那么你認為干涉儀會產(chǎn)生像胡克望遠鏡那樣的影響嗎？
男教授：我懷疑。記住，大爆炸是一個真正革命性的理論。但話說回來，如果用干涉儀來定位支持生命的行星……那完全是另一回事了。
三、Interferometers托福聽力問題：
Q1:What is the lecture mainly about?
A.Instruments that have helped improve astronomical observations
B.The impact of the big bang theory on astronomy
C.The importance of computers in astronomy
D.The development of the interferometer
Q2:According to the professor,why was the Hooker telescope important?
A.It allowed astronomers to differentiate between solo-and multiple-star systems.
B.It allowed astronomers to accurately measure the dimensions of stars.
C.It was the first telescope to be attached to a computer.
D.It helped astronomers develop the big bang theory.
Q3:According to the professor,what advantage does an interferometer have over a conventional telescope?
A.It is simpler to operate.
B.It provides a more detailed image.
C.It allows astronomers to see farther.
D.It helps astronomers determine if stars are moving away from one another.
Q4:Why does the professor mention the star Castor?
A.To point out how it differs from most other stars
B.To give an example of a discovery made using the Hooker telescope
C.To demonstrate the interferometer’s capabilities
D.To remind the class of an important discovery discussed in the reading
Q5:What does the professor imply when he says this
A.Interferometers may help scientists find answers to many astronomical questions.
B.The students should look for the answers to these questions in their textbook.
C.There are many areas of astronomy that the class has not yet covered.
D.Some astronomical questions will never be answered.
Q6.What does the professor imply when he says this?
A.He will discuss the topic in a later class session.
B.He may change his mind about the impact of interferometers.
C.He does not believe there are other planets that support life.
D.He thinks that the technology of both telescopes and interferometers will soon be outdated.
四、Interferometers托福聽力答案：
A1:正確答案：A
A2:正確答案：D
A3:正確答案：B
A4:正確答案：C
A5:正確答案：A
A6:正確答案：B
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