托福閱讀最后一道主旨題怎么做
2024-04-23 11:06:55 來(lái)源：中國(guó)教育在線
托福閱讀最后一道主旨題怎么做，相信這個(gè)問(wèn)題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個(gè)問(wèn)題，那么下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)一說(shuō)，感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。
托福 閱讀最后一道主旨題怎么做
托福閱讀最后一道主旨題怎么做？托福閱讀最后一道大題是六選三，即從六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選取三個(gè)，加上給出的句子，合成對(duì)全文的概括。正確選項(xiàng)的特征是"the most important ideas in the passage"，是文章的核心信息;錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的典型特征是文章細(xì)節(jié)。
托福文章題目：MINERALS AND PLANTS
下面分別是沒(méi)段段首的信息：
Paragraph 1 Research has shown that certain minerals are required by plants for normal growth and development.
Paragraph 2 Mineral deficiencies can often be detected by specific symptoms such as chlorosis (loss of chlorophyll resulting in yellow or white leaf issue), necrosis (isolated dead patches), anthocyanin formation (development of deep red pigmentation of leaves or stem), stunted growth, and development of woody tissue in an herbaceous plant.
Paragraph 3 Much of the research on nutrient deficiencies is based on growing plants hydroponically, that is, in soilless liquid nutrient solutions.
Paragraph 4 While mineral deficiencies can limit the growth of plants, an overabundance of certain minerals can be toxic and can also limit growth.
Paragraph 5 Scientists have known for some time that certain plants, called hyper accumulators, can concentrate minerals at levels a hundredfold or greater than normal.
Paragraph 6 Only recently have investigators considered using these plants to clean up soil and waste sites that have been contaminated by toxic levels of heavy metals - an environmentally friendly approach known as phytoremediation.
題目：
Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
Plants need to absorb certain minerals from the soil in adequate quantities for normal growth and development.
1. Some plants are able to accumulate extremely high levels of certain minerals and thus can be used to clean up soils contaminated with toxic levels of these minerals.
2. Though beneficial with lower levels, high levels of salts, other minerals, and heavy metals can be harmful to plants.
3. When plants do not absorb sufficient amounts of essential minerals, characteristic abnormalities result.
4. Because high concentrations of sodium chloride and other salts limit growth in most plants, much research has been done in an effort to develop salt-tolerant agricultural crops.
5. Some plants can tolerate comparatively low levels of certain minerals, but such plants are of little use for recycling nutrients back into depleted soils.
6. Mineral deficiencies in many plants can be cured by misting their roots with a nutrient solution or by transferring the plants to a soilless nutrient solution.
正確選項(xiàng)是123。不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項(xiàng)1對(duì)應(yīng)第5和6段;選項(xiàng)2對(duì)應(yīng)第4段;選項(xiàng)3對(duì)應(yīng)第2段。這是因?yàn)?，所謂的文章主要信息，其實(shí)就是某一段或幾段的主旨信息。因此，如果有的選項(xiàng)不確定，可以回到文中把每段的主旨信息找到，作為判斷的依據(jù)。
托福閱讀備考要清楚的三個(gè)問(wèn)題
托福閱讀復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)間安排
關(guān)于復(fù)習(xí)的時(shí)間安排：弄完詞匯以后，就應(yīng)該著手突擊一下閱讀了。如今各種各樣的模擬題猶如英語(yǔ)輔導(dǎo)班一樣大量涌現(xiàn)。不會(huì)出現(xiàn)我們?cè)缙诳忌蓄}舍不得做的情況了。但也不能太急功近利，單詞沒(méi)弄好就硬上閱讀，有時(shí)候會(huì)適得其反。用1周的時(shí)間大量的突擊，也是對(duì)單詞的一個(gè)鞏固。找到感覺(jué)以后就可以開(kāi)始下面的復(fù)習(xí)了。復(fù)習(xí)聽(tīng)力口語(yǔ)作文的日子里，每天一定要少做3篇文章的題量，按照考試的時(shí)間要求，千萬(wàn)不可放松。做得多了，就可以把閱讀當(dāng)作一種放松了。ETS的托福閱讀文章能教給我們各種學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。
托福閱讀必須要讀懂每字每句
托福閱讀考試中許多考生認(rèn)為閱讀文章時(shí)必須要讀懂每字每句，事實(shí)上，這是不必要的。托福閱讀考試中，即使遇到陌生的詞，但是根據(jù)上下文的意思以及自己的一些常識(shí)判斷，也不太會(huì)影響對(duì)文章的理解。特別是托福閱讀這種題目涉及面廣，信息量大的形式，掌握閱讀和答題的技巧，對(duì)在托福閱讀考試中是會(huì)有很大幫助的。
在托福閱讀中，甚至可以擴(kuò)展到ETS所有考試的閱讀題目中，如果要用一個(gè)詞來(lái)概括的話，那就是paraphrase，意譯。無(wú)論是題干還是正確選項(xiàng)，大都能在原文中找出一句話來(lái)與之相對(duì)應(yīng)。即題目是原文的意譯。這種意譯是通過(guò)同義詞來(lái)完成的。即題干中多用近義詞來(lái)對(duì)原文中的句子進(jìn)行替換，來(lái)達(dá)到提出問(wèn)題或者提出正確答案的意思。準(zhǔn)確把握意譯，是多數(shù)題目中準(zhǔn)確在原文中定位信息、或者在迷惑選項(xiàng)中選出正確的那個(gè)，都有著重要的作用。
托福閱讀先看題目還是先看文章
關(guān)于先看題目還是先看文章的問(wèn)題。也就是做題時(shí)間安排的問(wèn)題。在此問(wèn)題上我與有的朋友也有過(guò)爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。我個(gè)人習(xí)慣是先用5—7分鐘的時(shí)間通讀全文，然后平均每個(gè)問(wèn)題有1分鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答。由于對(duì)問(wèn)題的回答建立在了熟悉全文的基礎(chǔ)上，每個(gè)問(wèn)題又有足夠的時(shí)間返回全文，每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都一一進(jìn)行斟酌。這樣準(zhǔn)確率比較高。但有的朋友本著居家過(guò)日子的心，認(rèn)為1000多字的文章只出十幾個(gè)題，必然有一些信息是沒(méi)用的。這樣通讀全文就會(huì)浪費(fèi)掉一些時(shí)間，不如先看題再回去找來(lái)的痛快。每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該通過(guò)考前大量的練習(xí)來(lái)制定出為適合自己的方法。
專業(yè)托福詞匯怎么積累
1. 托福詞匯閱讀更偏向?qū)I(yè)性質(zhì)的，主要是由于托?？荚嚹康氖强纯忌挠⒄Z(yǔ)水平可不可以計(jì)劃證它在大學(xué)中順利學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)知識(shí)，所以考察的內(nèi)容更是偏重在學(xué)術(shù)上，但是閱讀文章同樣是從大學(xué)課本的簡(jiǎn)易內(nèi)容中選取。所以在背單詞的時(shí)候?qū)τ趯W(xué)術(shù)詞
2.托福閱讀考察的專業(yè)詞匯難度上有限制。這點(diǎn)是很自然的，由于托福是一門英語(yǔ)水平考試，但又并非是專業(yè)考試。難度較大的專業(yè)詞匯在閱讀里真的會(huì)出現(xiàn)，但根本不會(huì)考察內(nèi)容，同時(shí)它的意思能夠更加容易地猜出來(lái)。
3. 托福閱讀要求有6以上的詞匯量，同時(shí)還要去記憶相對(duì)常用的專業(yè)詞匯，但一定別將精力都放到死摳生僻的專業(yè)詞匯上，由于那并非是托福閱讀考察的內(nèi)容。因此托福閱讀詞匯備考要有針性，既不能輕視，也不能亂背一通不加選擇的背。找到備考重點(diǎn)，托福閱讀就可能拿到滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)。
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