托福作文如何論證
2024-04-23 14:36:43 來(lái)源:中國(guó)教育在線
現(xiàn)在留學(xué)的學(xué)生越來(lái)越多,留學(xué)可以開(kāi)闊眼界,也能學(xué)習(xí)不一樣的教育體制,而且國(guó)外名校眾多,教育水平也一流。下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)說(shuō)“托福作文如何論證”這個(gè)問(wèn)題
托福作文如何論證
托福作文如何論證?寫(xiě)作,作為語(yǔ)言類考試中較為主觀類型的考察形式,特別提到的是第二部分任務(wù),考生應(yīng)當(dāng)確切地陳述觀點(diǎn),并能清晰地論證展開(kāi)。題目要求學(xué)生能運(yùn)用reasons and examples來(lái)支撐觀點(diǎn),而評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中對(duì)于展開(kāi)論證作出了確切的要求。
來(lái)看滿分5分的內(nèi)容要求:
評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中明確表示論證需要使用以下論證手法:解釋、例證及細(xì)節(jié),因此許多學(xué)生會(huì)了解到這些論證方式,而且通過(guò)一些培訓(xùn)課程會(huì)有意識(shí)地使用,今天我們就來(lái)概括性地理一理展開(kāi)思路。
例題:
STEP 1審題及文章布局
是否同意過(guò)去的食品比現(xiàn)在的更加健康?題目非常清晰的出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞:食品、古今對(duì)比、健康。所以在思考及最后文章寫(xiě)作的時(shí)候,學(xué)生必須考慮到這三個(gè)方面的相關(guān)性。接著,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這道題可以用一邊倒的方式寫(xiě)作,根據(jù)自己的主張找到三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單直接的理由證明即可。
STEP 2 Main Idea
a. Fast pace of life
b. Modern agriculture
c. Overeating fatty food
STEP 3 Well Developed
在此,要提前提醒同學(xué)們,在主題句展開(kāi)的時(shí)候需要緊扣題目,再次重申關(guān)鍵詞:食品、古今對(duì)比、健康。
a. Fast pace of life
本段的展開(kāi)中需要同學(xué)可以圍繞針對(duì)以下這些問(wèn)題:
什么是快節(jié)奏的生活:忙于工作、交通、會(huì)議、出差
引起什么問(wèn)題:快餐-垃圾食品
First, the fast pace of life makes our food less healthy than before. Fast food is a good example. In the past, life was relatively easy for people. They did not need to go all the way to their companies, transferring buses and trains several times on the way. Their daily schedules were not as filled with meetings and business trips as today. They could all go home to enjoy dinners prepared at home by their family members. However, presently, almost everyone has to focus most of his or her hours on studying or working, while still trying to squeeze time for dinner. That is where fast food comes in. The sad truth today is that knowing about the risk of eating junk food, people still rush into KFC and McDonald’s to grab a bite in order to keep their timetable.
b. Modern agriculture
本段的展開(kāi)中需要同學(xué)可以圍繞針對(duì)以下這些問(wèn)題:
現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)有什么:科技(殺蟲(chóng)劑&化肥)
引起什么問(wèn)題:有毒-疾病
What is more, the development of modern agriculture has contributed to unhealthy food.Before modern agriculture developed, every farmer just used natural fertilizer and focused on their limited farmland. However, the population explosion inevitably led to a revolution in modern agriculture technology, which greatly increased crops yields, and meanwhile, generated many food security risks. Agood case in point is the wide spread usage of chemical pesticide and fertilizer to protect crops from harmful insects and to increase production, but the residue of these chemicals directly caused many diseases, such as food poisoning, cancer, mal formation and mutation.
c. Overeating fatty food
本段的展開(kāi)中需要同學(xué)可以圍繞針對(duì)以下這些問(wèn)題:
飲食習(xí)慣:暴飲暴食
引起什么問(wèn)題:過(guò)渡攝入-富人病
Finally, but most importantly, overeating fatty foods has also affected our health adversely. The increase in material wealth of the entire population has created an environment of gluttony and overindulgence in food. For instance, meat, egg and milk now make up a larger proportion of people’s diet than before, increasing the average person’s intake of calories, oil and salt.In many hospitals, rich man’s diseases, like overweight, high blood pressure and diabetes are now commonly seen. This phenomenon, though people are aware of the problem, will continue to last, for we still continue to eat unhealthy food every day.
提升托福寫(xiě)作成績(jī)的要素
一、打好語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)
大部分考生為了應(yīng)付考試,在托??荚噦淇嫉倪^(guò)程里一味的大量刷題,此方法都是錯(cuò)誤的,不可否認(rèn),考生們?cè)緫?yīng)試的目的去參加考試,但托??荚囬_(kāi)始的一項(xiàng)語(yǔ)言能力測(cè)試,若想得到理想的托福分?jǐn)?shù),就必須夯實(shí)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ),而不是靠做題提升托福成績(jī)。
二、符合語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)規(guī)律
托??荚嚳蓜澐殖陕?tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)4部分,大家普遍的表示這4個(gè)單項(xiàng)我們應(yīng)該同時(shí)學(xué)習(xí),哪一項(xiàng)不好都會(huì)對(duì)整體的成績(jī)有影響。還有人表示聽(tīng)力在托福考試中所占的比重大,還需要去做重點(diǎn)來(lái)復(fù)習(xí)。以上這兩種說(shuō)法都有道理,但是語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)也是有規(guī)律的,違背了語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的規(guī)律,也不會(huì)考出理想的成績(jī)。
三、計(jì)劃持沉穩(wěn)的心態(tài)
有的考生基礎(chǔ)不好,想要急于考出分?jǐn)?shù),在復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)程里心態(tài)就會(huì)變得更加的浮躁;而還有一些考生,自以為基礎(chǔ)好,自我滿足,后成績(jī)出來(lái)又不及自己理想中的分?jǐn)?shù)??疾怀龀煽?jī)歸根到底都是因?yàn)闆](méi)有把握好心態(tài)。
托福寫(xiě)作規(guī)范布局的特點(diǎn)
寫(xiě)作觀點(diǎn)的確定
針對(duì)文章的新意來(lái)說(shuō)更多的主要是從文章觀點(diǎn)的確定里選擇。如此在托福寫(xiě)作里若想寫(xiě)出一個(gè)有新意的觀點(diǎn),同時(shí)還要有一定觀察能力的,原班套用范文又或是模板的內(nèi)容,自然都是根本沒(méi)有辦法提起閱卷人的興趣。但考生們根本不需要為了觀點(diǎn)的對(duì)錯(cuò),過(guò)于深究。由于托福寫(xiě)作重點(diǎn)依然是對(duì)話題的論述考察。有了自己原的話題,自然就不用擔(dān)心之后論述上觀點(diǎn)雷同的問(wèn)題。不過(guò),在這里還是需要提醒大家,不要過(guò)于糾結(jié)觀點(diǎn)的深度,觀點(diǎn)定位過(guò)深,一時(shí)之間不能找到論據(jù),導(dǎo)致無(wú)話可說(shuō),反而造成適得其反的效果了。
例證內(nèi)容的詮釋
上海托福培訓(xùn)老師表示在托福寫(xiě)作過(guò)程里若想更加完美充實(shí)的布局整個(gè)文章托福寫(xiě)作的例證內(nèi)容同樣是一定要有的??赡艽蟛糠挚忌趥淇歼^(guò)程中,同樣是會(huì)在備考時(shí),持續(xù)的去累積有的新的例證資料。但在托福寫(xiě)作里重點(diǎn)并非是在例證的新意,而是在于你如何用新的看法來(lái)解釋這些老的論據(jù)。而在托福寫(xiě)作時(shí)候,我們有時(shí)也會(huì)使用到一些托福范文的語(yǔ)句,但是,需要提醒大家的是,我們也需要學(xué)會(huì)如何改寫(xiě)語(yǔ)句中的內(nèi)容,即便是不會(huì)改寫(xiě),那么也可以換掉一些關(guān)鍵詞。
以上,就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容分享,希望能給同學(xué)們帶來(lái)參考,如果您還有托福作文如何論證其他方面的疑問(wèn),歡迎隨時(shí)在線咨詢客服老師。
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