GRE閱讀答案方式

隨著人們經(jīng)濟(jì)水平的提高，對(duì)于很多家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，留學(xué)不再是一個(gè)可望而不可及的事情，許多人都想要留學(xué)，那其中GRE閱讀答案方式？針對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題，下面中國(guó)教育在線小編就來(lái)和大家分享一下。

1，同義替換

【真題原文】

Its subject (to use Maynard Macks categories) is life-as-spectacle, for readers, diverted by its various incidents, observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without; the tragic Iliad, however, presents life-as-experience: readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles, whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero.

【題目】It can be inferred from the passage that a reader of the Iliad is likely to have trouble identifying with the poems hero for which of the following reasons?

【正確選項(xiàng)】The heros emotions often do not seem appealing to the reader.

例題分析：

該題根據(jù)identifying with the poems hero，可以知道定位到這里：whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero.

因此，我們看到，正確的選項(xiàng)和原文為同義替換：emotions=motivations;appealing=likable.

需要注意的是，emotions與motivations為廣義上的替換，這個(gè)和大家所熟悉的同義詞不一樣。這也是需要提醒廣大考生的一點(diǎn)：GRE考試與我們以為熟悉的英語(yǔ)考法有很多不一樣的地方。

2，反義替換

【真題原文】

Its subject (to use Maynard Macks categories) is life-as-spectacle, for readers, diverted by its various incidents, observe its hero Odysseus primarily from without; the tragic Iliad, however, presents life-as-experience: readers are asked to identify with the mind of Achilles, whose motivations render him a not particularly likable hero.

【題目】The author suggests that the variety of incidents in the Odyssey is likely to deter the reader from

【正確選項(xiàng)】 concentrating on the psychological states of the poems central character

例題分析：

該題挺有意思的。根據(jù)題目當(dāng)中的variety of incidents可以知道，題目和原文的various incidents對(duì)應(yīng)(詞性的替換)，因此答案就在該句。

細(xì)讀該句，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，由分號(hào)后面的however一詞可以判斷，該句分號(hào)前后為反義邏輯關(guān)系。因此可以知道分號(hào)前后其實(shí)也是平行結(jié)構(gòu)，也就是一一對(duì)應(yīng)。

例如：

life-as-spectacle 與life-as-experience對(duì)應(yīng);

observe與identify with對(duì)應(yīng);

without與mind對(duì)應(yīng)(相反)。

Odysseus與Achilles對(duì)應(yīng)。

回到題目，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，題目當(dāng)中有一個(gè)短語(yǔ)搭配尤為重要，那就是deter...from doing something，該搭配相當(dāng)于prevent...from doing something，也就是不讓...干嘛。而題目原文當(dāng)中是沒(méi)有這個(gè)否定的表達(dá)的。

原文為：對(duì)讀者而言，由于被它的不同的情節(jié)所分散注意力，讀者會(huì)從Odysseus外部的世界(without)來(lái)理解它的主人公Odysseus。

題目是：作者表明，在Odyssey不同的情節(jié)可能會(huì)不讓讀者....?

答案自然是對(duì)without一詞進(jìn)行取反，也就是不讓讀者從內(nèi)心世界來(lái)理解Odysseus。

根據(jù)以上討論的題目，我們可以得出大致的規(guī)律是：如果題目與原文相反，那么答案也必須和原文相反。如果題目和原文只是同義替換，那么答案往往也是同義替換。

3，詞性替換

【真題原文】

That view was challenged in the 1960s, when studies of Moon craters revealed that these craters were caused by the impact of objects that were in great abundance about 4.5 billion years ago but whose number appeared to have quickly decreased shortly thereafter. This observation rejuvenated Otto Schmidts 1944 theory of accretion.

【題目】Which of the following best describes the observation referred to in the passage?

【正確選項(xiàng)】The number of objects colliding with the Moon appears to have been high for a while and then rapidly diminished.

例題分析：

正確選項(xiàng)里的rapidly替換了原文里的quickly。當(dāng)然，除了詞性替換外，本例題還包括了同義替換，例如：impact=colliding ; high=abundance; diminished=decreased.這個(gè)也告訴我們，一道題目的正確選項(xiàng)的生成，往往是糅雜了各種替換。

4，抽象與具體

【真題原文】

Despite hypotheses ranging from armed conflict to climate change, the abandonment of more than 600 Pueblo cliff dwelling in Mesa Verde by A.D. 1300 still puzzles archaeologists. Researchers analyzing refuse from one Pueblo community found remains of maizea Pueblo cropin 44 percent of samples from years when the community flourished, but in only 10 percent of samples from years near the time of depopulation, while the remains of wild plants increased significantly.

【題目】 According to the passage, which of the following is likely true regarding the consumption of wild plants in the Pueblo community investigated by researchers?

【正確選項(xiàng)】 It increased as domesticated sources of food declined.

例題分析：

正確選項(xiàng)里的domesticated sources of food和原文的maizea Pueblo crop為抽象與具體的替換。這個(gè)好比原文出現(xiàn)了蘋(píng)果，答案為水果，在GRE考試中，無(wú)論是在填空，還是在閱讀當(dāng)中，抽象與具體的替換幾乎無(wú)所不在，希望考生對(duì)這些替換，熟記于心。

當(dāng)然，此題除了上述的替換之外，正確選項(xiàng)里的'it 替換了原文里的wild plants，此為指代替換。

正確選項(xiàng)里的declined一詞，實(shí)際上替換了原文里的44 percent of samples from years when the community flourished, but in only 10 percent of samples from years near the time of depopulation。

也就是當(dāng)這個(gè)community 繁榮的時(shí)候，玉米的殘留為44%，而在depopulation的時(shí)候，只有10%，也就是下降了(declined)。此為文字替換了文字表達(dá)。

5，出動(dòng)與被動(dòng)

【真題原文】

Open acknowledgement of the existence of womens oppression was too radical for the United States in the fifties, and Beauvoirs conclusion, that change in womens economic condition, though insufficient by itself, remains the basic factor in improving womens situation, was particularly unacceptable.

【題目】According to the passage, Beauvoirs book asserted that the status of women

【正確選項(xiàng)】is inherently tied to their economic condition

例題分析：：

首先，題目里的the status of women和原文里的womens situation為同義替換。事實(shí)上，situation的釋義除了有情況外，在閱讀里，經(jīng)?？嫉尼屃x為position in life : status(from Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary)。

其次，正確選項(xiàng)里的is inherently tied to 和原文里的 remains the basic factor替換，此為被動(dòng)表達(dá)與主動(dòng)表達(dá)之間的替換。

最后，正確選項(xiàng)里的their economic condition與原文的womens economic condition進(jìn)行替換，此處帶有指代替換，their=womens 。

小結(jié)

GRE閱讀正確的選項(xiàng)一定都是需要經(jīng)過(guò)替換而來(lái)的。這些替換包括：

1，同義替換。

2，反義替換。

3，詞性替換。

4，抽象與具體替換。

5，主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)替換。

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