劍橋雅思16Test1Passage3閱讀答案解析 The future of work
2023-06-04 12:44:42 來源:中國教育在線
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劍橋雅思16 Test1 Passage3閱讀答案解析
第27題答案:B
對應(yīng)原文:第1段:3-14% of the global workforce will need to switch to a different occupation within the next 10-15 years,
答案解析:第1段指出工作內(nèi)容受到技術(shù)發(fā)展影響的人數(shù)和時間。其中3-14% of the global workforce和next 10-15 years對應(yīng)B選項the extent to which,剩下的基本是簡單的同義替換,由此確定答案。A選項錯在the kinds of job(原文沒有指名何種工作),C選項錯在have jobs in AI(原文只是指出AI對工作的影響,并沒有說明哪些人會在未來從事相應(yīng)工作),D選項錯在difference(原文只是提到兩種方式,并沒有比較不同)。
第28題答案:D
對應(yīng)原文:第2段:Algorithms are capable of learning from data to undertake tasks that previously needed human judgement, such as reading legal contracts, analysing medical scans and gathering market intelligence.
答案解析:這道題其實沒有明確的對應(yīng),我們勉強可以從“算法現(xiàn)在能夠從數(shù)據(jù)中學(xué)習,并承擔過去需要人類判斷的工作”這句話中得出“它推動當前工作場所的發(fā)展”。但這道題選D最重要的原因還是選項A,B,C在原文中完全找不到任何對應(yīng)。
第29題答案:C
對應(yīng)原文:第7段:We are seeing cases where workers feed the algorithm with false data to reach their targets
答案解析:與通信公司相關(guān)的內(nèi)容主要集中在5-7段,需要我們仔細瀏覽一下。第7段最后提到,“我們觀察到,一些員工給算法提供錯誤的數(shù)據(jù),以達成他們自己的目的”。C選項只是這句話換了種說法,由此鎖定正確答案。A選項中的disagreeing,B選項中的resentful,以及D選項中的they ought to do themselves都屬于無中生有,因此統(tǒng)統(tǒng)排除。
第30題答案:D
對應(yīng)原文:第12段:His recently published research … History is clear that change can mean redundancies. But social policies can tackle this through retraining and redeployment.
答案解析:根據(jù)Ewan McGaughey和recently publised research定位到第12段。其主要觀點是,“歷史表明變化會造成裁員,但社會政策能夠通過再培訓(xùn)與再分配解決這一問題”。即求職市場上的改變是可以成功處理的,由此確定D為正確答案。B選項和C選項文章來自老烤鴨雅思都基本與原文無關(guān)。而A選項則是錯在challenge上。Ewan認同失業(yè)所帶來的負面影響,只是覺得它們可以通過政策解決。這點與A選項所描述的challenge … negative相反。
第31題答案:G
對應(yīng)原文:第2段:algorithmication’ of jobs that are dependent on data rather than on production
答案解析:根據(jù)Cambridge Judge Business School定位到第2段,從not … but … 與rather than的同義替換可以鎖定data,所有選項中只有G information與之對應(yīng),由此確定答案。
第32題答案:E
對應(yīng)原文:第6段:workers learn through the ‘a(chǎn)lgorithm’s eyes’ and become dependent on its instructions.
答案解析:根據(jù)空后“algorithm’s eyes”定位到第6段的這句話。原文只有dependent能夠與空后詞on構(gòu)成語義合適的短語,由此確定E reliance為正確答案。
第33題答案:C
對應(yīng)原文:第6段:Alternative explorations – where experimentation and human instinct lead to progress and new ideas -are effectively discouraged.
答案解析:順著上一題往下,根據(jù)experimenting定位到這句話,由修飾關(guān)系鎖定human insinct,C選項intuition與它構(gòu)成同義替換,由此確定為正確答案。
第34題答案:F
對應(yīng)原文:第8段:Their objective is to make AI technologies more trustworthy and transparent, so that this article is from Laokaoya wesbit organisations and individuals understand how AI decisions are made.
答案解析:根據(jù)comprehend與understand的對應(yīng)定位到這句話,原文中起描述作用的詞還有trustworthy和transparent,后者填上去之后與空前詞users語義不配,由此鎖定trustworthy,進而根據(jù)同義替換確定F confidence為正確答案。
第35題答案:B
對應(yīng)原文:第10段:that doesn’t mean we are left with just 50 jobs for humans. The number of jobs will increase: we would expect there to be 150 jobs
答案解析:Hamish Low表示,機器占據(jù)50個崗位并不意味著人類只剩下50個,整體工作數(shù)量可能上升到150個。即自動化并不一定降低就業(yè)率,由此確定B為正確答案。
第36題答案:A
對應(yīng)原文:第3段:‘In many cases, they can outperform humans,’ says Pachidi, ‘Organisations are attracted to using algorithms because they want to make choices based on what they consider is “perfect information”, as well as to reduce costs and enhance productivity.’
答案解析:第3段指出公司選擇算法的原因,包括其表現(xiàn)超過人類,能夠削減成本,并提升生產(chǎn)效率等。而這些都是Pachidi的看法,由此確定A為正確答案。
第37題答案:C
對應(yīng)原文:第14段:Just as the industrial revolution brought people past subsistence agriculture, and the corporate revolution enabled mass production, a third revolution has been pronounced. But it will not only be one of technology. The next revolution will be social.
答案解析:這道題設(shè)置的比較巧妙一些,雖然我們縱覽全文都找不到cultural shifts明確的對應(yīng),但只有Ewan McGaughey的研究涉及過去,由此確定C為正確答案。
第38題答案:A
對應(yīng)原文:第4段:‘But these enhancements are not without consequences,’ says Pachidi.
答案解析:Pachidi在第四段開頭指出,這些進步并非沒有代價,隨后詳細說明了具體的缺陷有那些。由此確定A為正確答案。
第39題答案:B
對應(yīng)原文:第9段:‘The traditional trajectory of full-time education followed by full-time work followed by a pensioned retirement is a thing of the past,’ says Low
答案解析:Low在第9段中間提出,傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習工作退休的生活軌跡已經(jīng)成為過去時,并隨后說明了他對未來職業(yè)路徑的設(shè)想。即未來與過去會有不同,由此確定B為正確答案。
第40題答案:C
對應(yīng)原文:第13段:McGaughey’s findings are a call to arms to leaders of organisations, governments and banks to pre-empt the coming changes with bold new policies that guarantee full employment, fair incomes and a thriving economic democracy.
答案解析:第13段指出,McGaughey的發(fā)現(xiàn)呼吁組織機構(gòu)、政府和銀行的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)提前做好準備,確保全面就業(yè)。其中g(shù)overnments對應(yīng)authorities,pre-empt對應(yīng)take measurs,full employment、fair incomes對應(yīng)adequately paid work,由此確定C為正確答案。
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