The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl劍橋雅思10聽力-原文翻譯及答案解析

一、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力原文：

VICTOR:Right, well, for our presentation shall I start with the early life of Thor Heyerdahl?

OLIVIA:Sure.

Why don't you begin with describing the type of boy he was, especially - his passion for collecting things.

VICTOR:That's right, he had his own little museum.

And I think it's unusual for children to develop their own values and not join in their parents' hobbies;

I’m thinking of how Heyerdahl wouldn't go hunting with his dad, for example.

OLIVIA:Yeah, he preferred to learn about nature by listening to his mother read to him.

And quite early on he knew he wanted to become an explorer when he grew up.

That came from his camping trips he went on in Norway I think...

VICTOR:No, - it was climbing that he spent his time on as a young man.

OLIVIA:Oh, right...

After university he married a classmate and together, - they decided to experience living on a small island, - to find out how harsh weather conditions shaped people's lifestyles.

VICTOR:As part of their preparation before they left home, they learnt basic survival skills tike building a shelter.

I guess they needed that knowledge in order to live wild in a remote location with few inhabitants, cut off by the sea, which is what they were aiming to do.

OLIVIA:An important part of your talk should be the radical theory Heyerdahl formed from examining mysterious ancient carvings that he happened to find on the island.

I think you should finish with that.

VICTOR:OK.

OLIVIA:All right, Victor, so after your part I'll talk about Thor Heyerdahl's adult life, continuing from the theory he had about Polynesian migration.

Up until that time of course, academics had believed that humans first migrated to the islands in Polynesia from Asia, in the west.

VICTOR:Yes,  they thought that travel from the east was impossible, because of the huge, empty stretch of ocean that lies between the islands and the nearest inhabited land.

OLIVIA:Yes, but Heyerdahl spent ages studying the cloud movements, ocean currents and wind patterns to find if it was actually possible.

And another argument was that there was no tradition of large ship-building in the communities lying to the east of Polynesia.

But Heyerdahl knew they made lots of coastal voyages in locally built canoes.

VICTOR:Yes, or sailing on rafts, as was shown by the long voyage that Heyerdahl did next.

It was an incredibly risky journey to undertake—sometimes I wonder if he did that trip for private reasons, you know?

To show others that he could have spectacular adventures.

What do you think, Olivia?

OLIVIA:Well,  I think it was more a matter of simply trying out his idea, to see if migration from the east was possible.

VICTOR:Yes, that's probably it.

And the poor guy suffered a bit at that time because the war forced him to stop his work for some years...

OLIVIA:Yes.

When he got started again and planned his epic voyage, do you think it was important to him that he achieve it before anyone else did?

VICTOR:Um, I haven't read anywhere that that was his motivation.

The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.

OLIVIA:Yes.

I wonder how fast it went.

VICTOR:Well, it took them 97 days from South America to the Pacific Islands.

OLIVIA:Mm.

And after that, Heyerdahl went to Easter Island, didn't he?

We should the purpose of that trip.

I think he sailed there in a boat made out of reeds.

VICTOR:No, that was later on in Egypt, Olivia.

OLIVIA:Oh, yes, that’s right.

VICTOR:But what he wanted to do was  talk to the local people about their old stone carvings and then make one himself to learn more about the process.

OLIVIA:I see.

Well, what a great life.

Even though many of his theories have been disproven, he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines, didn't he?

To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modem academics call practical archaeology.

I mean, that they try to recreate something from the past today, like he did with his raft trip.

It's unfortunate that his ideas about where Polynesians originated from have been completely discredited.

VICTOR:Yes.

Right, well, I'll prepare a PowerPoint slide at the end that acknowledges our sources.

I mainly used The Life and Work of Thor Heyerdahl by William Oliver.

I thought the research methods he used were very sound,  although I must say I found the overall tone somewhat old-fashioned.

I think they need to do a new, revised edition.

OLIVIA:Yeah.

I agree.

What about the subject matter—I found it realty challenging!

VICTOR:Well, it's a complex issue...

OLIVIA:I thought the book had lots of good points.

What did you think of...

二、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力中文翻譯：

維克多：好的，那么，在我們的演講中，我應該從托爾·海爾達爾的早期生活開始嗎？

奧利維亞：當然

你為什么不先描述一下他是什么樣的男孩，尤其是他對收集東西的熱情

維克多：沒錯，他有自己的小博物館

我認為孩子們發(fā)展自己的價值觀而不加入父母的愛好是不尋常的；

例如，我在想海爾達爾怎么會不和他爸爸一起去打獵

奧利維亞：是的，他更喜歡聽媽媽給他朗讀，來了解大自然

他很早就知道長大后想成為一名探險家

那是他在挪威野營的結(jié)果我想

維克多：不，-他年輕時花時間在爬山上

奧利維亞：哦，對了

大學畢業(yè)后，他和一位同學結(jié)婚，他們決定在一個小島上體驗生活，以了解惡劣的天氣條件是如何影響人們的生活方式的

維克多：作為他們離家前準備工作的一部分，他們學習了基本的生存技能，比如建造庇護所

我想他們需要這些知識，才能在一個遠離大海、人煙稀少的偏遠地區(qū)野外生活，這正是他們的目標

奧利維亞：你演講的一個重要部分應該是海爾達爾通過研究他碰巧在島上發(fā)現(xiàn)的神秘古代雕刻而形成的激進理論

我想你應該把它做完

維克多：好的

奧利維亞：好吧，維克多，在你演完這一角色后，我將繼續(xù)討論托爾·海爾達爾的成年生活，繼續(xù)他關(guān)于波利尼西亞移民的理論

當然，在此之前，學者們一直認為，人類首先是從西方的亞洲遷徙到波利尼西亞群島的

維克多：是的，他們認為從東方旅行是不可能的，因為島嶼和最近有人居住的土地之間有一大片空曠的海洋

奧利維亞：是的，但海爾達爾花了很長時間研究云層運動、洋流和風的模式，以發(fā)現(xiàn)這是否真的可能

另一個論點是，波利尼西亞東部的社區(qū)沒有建造大型船只的傳統(tǒng)

但海爾達爾知道，他們經(jīng)常乘坐當?shù)刂圃斓莫毮局圻M行沿海航行

維克多：是的，或者像海爾達爾接下來的長途航行所顯示的那樣，乘木筏航行

這是一次極其冒險的旅行，有時我想知道他是不是出于私人原因，你知道嗎？

向其他人展示他可以進行精彩的冒險

你覺得怎么樣，奧利維亞？

奧利維亞：嗯，我認為這更簡單的是嘗試他的想法，看看是否有可能從東方移民過來

維克多：是的，可能就是這樣

那個可憐的家伙當時也有點痛苦，因為戰(zhàn)爭迫使他停止工作幾年

奧利維亞：是的

當他重新開始并計劃他的史詩般的航行時，你認為他比其他人更早實現(xiàn)這一目標對他來說重要嗎？

維克多：嗯，我沒有讀到任何地方說那是他的動機

最重要的因素似乎是他只使用古代技術(shù)和當?shù)夭牧蟻斫ㄔ焖哪痉?/p>

奧利維亞：是的

我想知道它跑得有多快

維克多：嗯，他們從南美洲到太平洋島嶼花了97天的時間

奧利維亞：嗯

之后，海爾達爾去了復活節(jié)島，不是嗎？

我們應該知道那次旅行的目的

我想他是坐著蘆葦做的船去的

維克多：不，那是后來在埃及發(fā)生的事，奧利維亞

奧利維亞：哦，是的，沒錯

維克多：但他想做的是和當?shù)厝苏務勊麄兊呐f石雕，然后自己制作一個，以了解更多的工藝

奧利維亞：我明白了

哦，多么美好的生活啊

盡管他的許多理論都被推翻了，但他確實在許多學科上留下了持久的印象，不是嗎？

在我看來，他是第一個建立現(xiàn)代學術(shù)界稱之為實用考古學的人

我的意思是，他們試圖重現(xiàn)今天的過去，就像他在木筏旅行中所做的那樣

不幸的是，他關(guān)于波利尼西亞人起源于何處的想法已經(jīng)完全失信了

維克多：是的

好吧，我會在最后準備一張PowerPoint幻燈片，感謝我們的消息來源

我主要使用威廉·奧利弗的《托爾·海爾達爾的生活和作品》

我認為他使用的研究方法非常合理，盡管我必須說，我發(fā)現(xiàn)總體基調(diào)有些過時

我認為他們需要做一個新的修訂版

奧利維亞：是的

我同意

那主題呢？我發(fā)現(xiàn)它很有挑戰(zhàn)性！

維克多：嗯，這是一個復雜的問題

奧利維亞：我覺得這本書有很多優(yōu)點

你覺得

三、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力問題：

Question 21-22

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO hobbies was Thor Heyerdahl very interested in as a youth?

A. camping

B. climbing

C. collecting

D. hunting

E. reading

Question 23-24

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which do the speakers say are the TWO reasons why Heyerdahl went to live on an island?

A. to examine ancient carvings

B. to experience an isolated place

C. to formulate a new theory

D. to learn survival skills

E. to study the impact of an extreme environment

Question 25-30

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

25.According to Victor and Olivia, academics thought that Polynesian migration from the east was impossible due to

A. the fact that Eastern countries were far away.

B. the lack of materials for boat building.

C. the direction of the winds and currents.

26.Which do the speakers agree was the main reason for Heyerdahl’s raft journey?

A. to overcome a research setback

B. to demonstrate a personal quality

C. to test a new theory

27.What was most important to Heyerdahl about his raft journey?

A. the fact that he was the first person to do it

B. the speed of crossing the Pacific

C. the use of authentic construction methods

28.Why did Heyerdahl go to Easter Island?

A. to build a stone statue

B. to sail a reed boat

C. to learn the local language

29.In Olivia’s opinion, Heyerdahl’s greatest influence was on

A. theories about Polynesian origins.

B. the development of archaeological methodology.

C. establishing archaeology as an academic subject.

30.Which criticism do the speakers make of William Oliver's textbook?

A. Its style is out of date.

B. Its content is over-simplified.

C. Its methodology is flawed.

四、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力答案：

21.B

22.C

23.B

24.E

25.A

26.C

27.C

28.A

29.B

30.A

五、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力答案解析

25. A　本題最容易錯選成C 選項the direction of the winds and currents，因為聽到原文很清晰地讀出ocean currents，但這不是學術(shù)界的觀點

Heyerdahl 花時間研究了云層運動、洋流和風的運動模式之后，他覺得從西方到東方是可能的但學術(shù)界認為根本不可能，因為because of the huge,

empty stretch（延伸；鴻溝）of ocean that lies between the islands，而本題要選的正是為什么學術(shù)界認為不可能，因此答案選A至于B 選項，后

文雖然提到another argument（另外一個爭論）...no tradition of large shipbuilding（沒有大型造船傳統(tǒng)），但B 選項的意思是沒有材料造船，屬于偷換原文的概念，同時原文后來也提到Heyerdahl 其實是通過劃raft/canoe（獨木舟）最后到達了東方因此B 也是錯誤的選項

26. C　首先需要明確本題選擇的是Oliva 的觀點，而原文中提到的To show others that he could have spectacular adventures. 是Victor 的觀點，所以不能選B較難區(qū)分的是選項A to overcome a research setback 和C 選項to test a new theory注意原文的用詞是simply trying out his idea，即嘗試一下、檢驗一下，因此答案為CA 選項的意思是克服研究的失敗，與simply try 的意思不一致

27. C　雖然原文一開始提到了he achieve it before anyone else did，但很快被后文的I haven’t read anywhere that that was his motivation（我還沒有讀到驅(qū)使他做這件事的原因）否定，這說明“成為第一人”對于Heyerdahl 來說并不重要，因此A 為錯誤選項后文接著提到The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.（最重要的是他僅僅使用古老的技術(shù)和當?shù)氐牟牧蟻斫ㄔ焖莫毮局郏?，所以C 為正確選項后面說的I wonder how fast it went 只是對這個問題的延伸，屬于干擾信息，所以B 也是錯誤選項

28. A　本題很容易誤選B 選項to sail a reed boat，因為原文首先清楚地提到we should mention the purpose（目的）of that trip 后，接著緊跟了一句I think he sailed（航行）there in a boat made out of reeds（蘆葦），但這并不是Heyerdahl 去東方島嶼的原因，這只是Olivia 補充的一個信息再接著后面有一個清楚的轉(zhuǎn)折詞but，并且還有一個表示意愿的短語what he wanted to do...，那么此處便是回答了題目中why 的部分再看原文他與當?shù)厝说慕徽?，其實是為了自己也能動手建一個stone carvings（石雕），而不是為了學習當?shù)氐恼Z言，因此C 也是錯誤選項

29. B　首先注意到even though 表示盡管，所以這部分并不是說話者想要表達的重點當聽到he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines（注意discipline 在此處表示學科），didn’t he? To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modern academics call practical archaeology，明確了他是建立現(xiàn)代學術(shù)界稱之為“實踐考古學”的第一人因此是Heyerdahl 發(fā)展了考古學這門學科，而不是他把考古學創(chuàng)建為一門學術(shù)學科，所以答案選B，其中methodology 表示方法論選項C 為干擾項盡管后面還提到了his ideas about where Polynesians originated from...，但不能選A，因為這句話前面先出現(xiàn)了unfortunately，表明說話者對后面的內(nèi)容是抱有遺憾的態(tài)度，同時，句末還出現(xiàn)了completely discredited，其中credit 的意思是“信用”，加上前綴dis-，即變?yōu)椤安豢上嘈拧钡囊馑?/p>

30. A　首先明確sound 作形容詞時表示“健全的，完好的”，那么C 便是錯誤的選項，因為flawed 的意為“有瑕疵的”原文中接著提到I found the overall tone Somewhat oldfashioned（過時的，陳舊的），對應A 選項中的out-of-date另外，這里的tone 表示的是文章的風格，也對應A 選項中的style，因此選項A 是正確的注意區(qū)分后面說的it’s a complex issue，it 指代的是前面提到的subject matter（主題），結(jié)合全文的意思，Victor 和Olivia 是在討論他們要做的presentation 的主題該定什么好，而不是在討論本書的內(nèi)容簡單(over-simplified) 與否，因此B 為錯誤選項

>> 雅思 托福 免費測試、量身規(guī)劃、讓英語學習不再困難<<