Write about genetic explanation of picky eaters托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

Write about genetic explanation of picky eaters托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

一、Write about genetic explanation of picky eaters托福聽力原文：

NARRATOR:Listen to a conversation between a student and his biology professor.MALE STUDENT:Professor Landry?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Hi,Dennis.You are right on time.Come on in and have a seat.MALE STUDENT:Great!Thanks.FEMALE PROFESSOR:So like I told you in class,I just wanted to take a few minutes to meet with everyone to make sure your class presentations for next week are all in order and coming along well.And as you know,you are supposed to report on some area of recent research in genetics,something,you know...original.MALE STUDENT:Well,I think I found just the thing!It actually occurred to me a couple nights ago while I was eating dinner in the cafeteria...Tell me,Professor...do you like broccoli?FEMALE PROFESSOR:Broccoli?You mean,the vegetable broccoli?MALE STUDENT:Yeah.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well...I guess not really...MALE STUDENT:Me neither.I have never liked it—or most other vegetables,for that matter:brussels sprouts,asparagus,cauliflower—you name it.They just taste bitter and...well,nasty to me.My mother always called me a picky eater.FEMALE PROFESSOR:O-kayyy...and?MALE STUDENT:And so I got to wondering:I mean,I am obviously not the only person like this.So is this just because of some,like trauma from our childhoods?Some bad experience we've had with vegetables?Or could there be some genetic explanation for why some people are picky eaters and others aren't?FEMALE PROFESSOR:OK.I see.Well,I suppose it's a possibility.MALE STUDENT:Actually,it turns out it's more than a possibility.I started doing some research in the library that night and I found out that a biologist at the National Institutes of Health has been looking at that very question recently.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,I guess that's not too surprising.And this is great stuff actually.So what's the verdict?MALE STUDENT:Well,this guy seems to have discovered a particular gene that actually makes it possible for people to taste the bitterness in certain green vegetables.But people who have a mutation in that gene cannot taste the bitterness.FEMALE PROFESSOR:Well,that's certainly fascinating!But...so this biologist is basically claiming that people who like to eat these vegetables actually have some sort of sensory deficit?Sort of makes us picky eaters than normal ones,doesn't it?I mean,that's kind of turning things on their head,isn't it?MALE STUDENT:Well,then again,it wouldn't be the first time,would it?Think of it this way:humans originally needed to have a stronger sensitivity to bitter-tasting foods so they could learn what plants were good for them and which ones might be poisonous.But at some point,as people figured out what they could safely eat,this need became less crucial and a segment of the population lost that ability.FEMALE PROFESSOR:OK.Well,you make a compelling case.I can't wait to hear more about this when you deliver your report.

二、Write about genetic explanation of picky eaters托福聽力中文翻譯：

旁白：聽一個學(xué)生和他的生物學(xué)教授之間的對話。男學(xué)生：蘭德里教授？女教授：嗨，丹尼斯。你準(zhǔn)時了。請進(jìn)，請坐。男學(xué)生：太好了！謝謝女教授：就像我在課堂上告訴你的，我只想花幾分鐘時間和大家見面，確保下周的課堂報告都井然有序，進(jìn)展順利。正如你所知道的，你應(yīng)該報告一些遺傳學(xué)的最新研究領(lǐng)域，一些，你知道的，原創(chuàng)的。男學(xué)生：嗯，我想我找到了！幾天前我在自助餐廳吃晚餐的時候突然想到了…告訴我，教授…你喜歡西蘭花嗎？女教授：西蘭花？你是說蔬菜花椰菜？男學(xué)生：是的。女教授：嗯……我想不是真的……男學(xué)生：我也是。我從來都不喜歡它，也不喜歡大多數(shù)其他蔬菜，比如球芽甘藍(lán)、蘆筍、花椰菜。它們嘗起來很苦，對我來說很惡心。我媽媽總是叫我挑食。女教授：O-kayyy…和？男學(xué)生：所以我想知道：我的意思是，我顯然不是唯一一個這樣的人。所以這只是因為我們童年的創(chuàng)傷嗎？我們在蔬菜方面有過一些不好的經(jīng)歷？或者，為什么有些人挑食，而有些人不挑食，可能有某種基因解釋嗎？女教授：好的，我明白了。嗯，我想這是可能的。男學(xué)生：事實上，這不僅僅是一種可能性。那天晚上我開始在圖書館做一些研究，我發(fā)現(xiàn)美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院的一位生物學(xué)家最近一直在研究這個問題。女教授：嗯，我想這并不太令人驚訝。事實上，這是很棒的東西。那么判決是什么？男學(xué)生：嗯，這家伙似乎發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種特殊的基因，它使人們能夠品嘗某些綠色蔬菜中的苦味。但基因突變的人無法嘗到苦味。女教授：嗯，那當(dāng)然很迷人！但是…所以這位生物學(xué)家基本上是說喜歡吃這些蔬菜的人實際上有某種感覺缺陷？有點讓我們比正常人更挑剔，不是嗎？我的意思是，這有點讓他們頭暈?zāi)垦?，不是嗎？男學(xué)生：好吧，再說一遍，這不是第一次了，是嗎？這樣想：人類最初需要對苦味食物有更強(qiáng)的敏感性，這樣他們才能知道哪些植物對他們有益，哪些植物可能有毒。但在某個時候，當(dāng)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們可以安全地吃什么時，這種需求變得不那么重要，一部分人失去了這種能力。女教授：好吧，你提出了一個令人信服的理由。我迫不及待地想在你發(fā)表報告時聽到更多關(guān)于這一點的消息。

三、Write about genetic explanation of picky eaters托福聽力問題：

Q1:1.Why does the professor meet with the student?

A.To determine if the student has selected an appropriate topic for his class project

B.To find out if the student is interested in taking part in a genetics project

C.To discuss the student’s experiment on taste perception

D.To explain what the student should focus on for his class presentation

Q2:2.Why does the student ask the professor about broccoli?

A.To get her to describe some of its genetic features

B.To find out if she is familiar with recent research on vegetable DNA

C.To introduce an idea that he has had for a research topic

D.To help explain why he needs extra time to prepare his presentation

Q3:3.What possible causes does the student consider for not liking the taste of vegetables?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.A genetic predisposition

B.Cooking methods that fail to remove the vegetables’bitter taste

C.A bad childhood experience associated with eating vegetables

D.Not being served enough vegetables during childhood

Q4:4.According to the student,why was it advantageous for early humans to be sensitive to bitter tastes?

A.It helped them to identify vegetables as sources of vitamins.

B.It helped them to avoid eating foods that were not healthy for them.

C.It made them less likely to limit their diet to sweet and salty foods.

D.It allowed them to distinguish between ripe and unripe vegetables.

Q5:5.What does the student imply when he says this:

A.He has often disagreed with the professor in the past.

B.The biologist in question has a history of advocating nontraditional ideas.

C.Biologists’research methods are sometimes regarded as unusual by other scientists.

D.Scientific explanations are sometimes contrary to what people might expect.

四、Write about genetic explanation of picky eaters托福聽力答案：

A1:正確答案：A

A2:正確答案：C

A3:正確答案：AC

A4:正確答案：BC

A5:正確答案：D

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