托福閱讀題型分類練習(xí)

托福閱讀題型分類練習(xí)，相信這個(gè)問題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個(gè)問題，那么下面小編就來和大家說一說，感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。

托福 閱讀題型分類練習(xí)

托福閱讀考試中，大家除了平時(shí)的練習(xí)和記憶，掌握相當(dāng)?shù)脑~匯量以外，對(duì)于各種題型的分類和解法也應(yīng)了如指掌，只有了解了這一層才能在考試中得心應(yīng)手，做到胸有成竹。下面小編就“托福閱讀題型分類及解法”給大家作出整理，希望大家重視。

1 信息歸類題

特點(diǎn)：

(1)通常文章采用對(duì)比寫法。

(2)有無用的選項(xiàng)。

關(guān)鍵：排除無用選項(xiàng)。

同學(xué)們在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)可以分類練習(xí)，這樣可以培養(yǎng)對(duì)每一類題型的敏銳感以及加快解題速度。

2 指代題

問法：The word they/ their/ it/ its/ some in the passage refers to

技巧：

(1)單復(fù)數(shù)

it找單數(shù)名詞或名詞性詞組。

they找復(fù)數(shù)名詞或名詞性詞組。

(2)在主從復(fù)合句, 并列句中, 后半句的代詞主語優(yōu)先指代前半句主語的核心詞(有例外, 要從意義判斷)。

(3)簡單句中,代詞優(yōu)先指代主語核心詞, 次之制代賓語核心詞。

(4)代詞所在句子找不到合適的指代, 優(yōu)先指代前一句主語, 次之指代后一句賓語。

(5)一句話中, 相同的代詞指代相同。

3 直接事實(shí)題

問法：According to the passage, what/ which/ why/ when?

技巧：定位原文, 細(xì)讀。

4 infer題(需要精確理解)

注意：既然是infer, imply, 就一定不是原文中明確說的。

技巧：

(1)時(shí)間前后推理。

(2)排除法。

(3)不要加入自己的觀點(diǎn)。

5 舉例說明概述題 (例子的作用)

技巧：

(1)重點(diǎn)不是例子本身, 而是舉例子的目的及例子的服務(wù)對(duì)象。

(2)概述的同義改寫就是答案。

6 EXCEPT列舉題

技巧：重視文中三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的列舉 (遇到的話就做筆記記下來---Sissi如是說)。

定位：核心關(guān)鍵詞 such as n1, n2, n3………A, B, and/ or C.

7 插入句子題

技巧

(1)待插入的句子中, 代詞 this, these their, it, such, he, another 這些通常是上一句]提過的,所以才特指。

(2)因果, 轉(zhuǎn)折等過渡詞 therefore, so, however, as a result, consequently, on the contrary.

(3)遞進(jìn)擴(kuò)展詞 furthermore, also, as well, too, other, in addition, moreover, besides, even, additionally.

(4)結(jié)構(gòu)配對(duì)詞on the one hand…. On the other handsome…others.

(5)關(guān)鍵同義詞 重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的名詞、副詞、形容詞。

8 句子要點(diǎn)題

問法：which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence.

錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)：

(1) 有新內(nèi)容, 或有相反內(nèi)容。

(2) 遺漏了原文中重要信息。

9 全文總結(jié)題

(1)注意段首句, 注意自己歸納總結(jié)。

(2)關(guān)注文章結(jié)構(gòu),特別是先總后分式。

10 詞匯題

問法：The word/phrase XXX is closest in meaning to____

技巧：

(1)首先看是否認(rèn)識(shí), 如果在認(rèn)識(shí), 在選項(xiàng)中找同義或近義詞, 并代入原文檢驗(yàn)。

(2)如果不認(rèn)識(shí),將4個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入原文, 看上下文是否合理。

(3)看原詞所在句子前后2句, 找重復(fù)對(duì)應(yīng)。

(4)如果懸想中有2個(gè)懸想都在上下文中合理,選擇在含義上與原詞沾邊的詞。

(5)選項(xiàng)中不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞不輕易去選。

做題順序：

看單詞，看選項(xiàng)，原文驗(yàn)證。

托福閱讀真題練習(xí)

托福閱讀真題練習(xí)：北美殖民時(shí)期的文本+題目+答案

托福閱讀文本：

The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.

In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along theAtlantic Coastline,mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were,accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.

This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.

When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).

托福閱讀題目：

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.

(B) The evolution of cities in North America

(C) Trade between North American and European cities

(D) The effects of the United Sates' independence on urban growth in New England.

2. The word "they" in line 4 refers to

(A) NorthAmerican colonies

(B) cities

(C) centuries

(D) town economies

3. The passage compares early European and North American cities on the basis of which of thefollowing?

(A) Their economic success

(B) The type of merchandise they exported

(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements

(D) The pace of their development

4. The word "accordingly" in line 11 is closest in meaning to

(A) as usual

(B) in contrast

(C) to some degree

(D) for that reason

5. According to the passage , early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline ofNorthAmerica due to

(A) an abundance of natural resources

(B) financial support from colonial governments

(C) proximity to parts of Europe

(D) a favorable climate

6. The passage indicates that during colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared which ofthe following for shipment to Europe?

(A) Manufacturing equipment

(B) Capital goods

(C) Consumer goods

(D) Raw materials

7. According to the passage , all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced thegrowth of southern cities EXCEPT the

(A) location of the plantations

(B) access of plantation owners to shipping

(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents

(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantations

8. It can be inferred from the passage that, in comparison with northern cities, most southern citieswere

(A) more prosperous

(B) smaller

(C) less economically self-sufficient

(D) tied less closely to England than to France

9. The word "recorded" in line 26 is closest in meaning to

(A) imagined

(B) discovered

(C) documented

(D) planned

10. The word "drawing" in line 28 is closest in meaning to

(A) attracting

(B) employing

(C) instructing

(D) representing

11. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line 29) because it was a time of

(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth

(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade

(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms

(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states

托福閱讀答案：

BBDDC DCBCAC

托福閱讀提速方法介紹

托福閱讀考試中，速度是非常關(guān)鍵的。很多同學(xué)由于閱讀速度慢，導(dǎo)致后面沒有時(shí)間來做題，影響了我們的分?jǐn)?shù)。那么具體的在練習(xí)的過程中，我們應(yīng)該如何提高自己的閱讀速度呢?下面我們整理了四個(gè)小方法，幫助大家來提速。

快速泛讀(fast extensive reading)

這里講的泛讀是指廣泛閱讀大量涉及不同領(lǐng)域的文章，要求讀得快，理解和掌握文中的主要內(nèi)容就可以。要確定一個(gè)明確的閱讀定額，定額要結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際，可多可少，例如每天讀20頁。

計(jì)時(shí)閱讀(timed reading)

計(jì)時(shí)閱讀每次進(jìn)行5～10分鐘即可，不宜太長。因?yàn)橛?jì)時(shí)快速閱讀，精力高度集中，時(shí)間一長，容易疲勞，精力分散反而乏味。

尋讀(Scanning)

尋讀又稱查讀，同略讀一樣，尋讀也是一種快速閱讀技巧。尋讀是一種從大量的資料中迅速查找某一項(xiàng)具體事實(shí)或某一項(xiàng)特定信息，如人物、事件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、數(shù)字等，而對(duì)其它無關(guān)部分略去不讀的快速閱讀方法。

略讀(skimming)

略讀又稱跳讀(reading and skipping)或?yàn)g覽(glancing)，是一種專門的，非常實(shí)用的快速閱讀技能。

略讀有下列幾個(gè)特點(diǎn)：

A. 以極快的速度閱讀文章，尋找字面上或事實(shí)上的主要信息和少量的闡述信息。

B. 可以跳過某個(gè)部分或某些部分不讀。

C. 理解水平可以稍低一些，但也不能太低。

新托福閱讀背景知識(shí)分享

托福閱讀復(fù)習(xí)中，除了大量的真題練習(xí)之外，大家可以多了解一些相關(guān)的背景知識(shí)，這樣能夠幫助我們更好地來閱讀文章內(nèi)容。那么總結(jié)往年的托福閱讀考試，具體的哪些背景知識(shí)屬于高頻內(nèi)容，是大家復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)呢?為大家整理了相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，供大家參考。

New directions

Beginning in the 1950's, jazz became even more experimental. Jazz music began to feature nontraditional instruments, such as French horn and bass flute. Jazz musicians began to take an interest in non-Western music, especially the modes (different arrangements of scales), melodic forms, and instruments of Africa, India, and the Far East.

In the late 1950's, John Lewis, musical director of the Modern Jazz Quartet, worked with classical musician and composer Günter Schuler to write and play orchestral works that combined elements of modern jazz and classical concert music. Stan Kenton also played this so-called third stream music when he toured the United States with a 40-piece orchestra.

Also during this period, pianist George Russell developed a jazz theory of modes. In 1959, the Miles Davis combo, with pianist Bill Evans and saxophonists John Coltrane and Cannonball Adele, recorded compositions and improvised solos based on modes rather than on patterns of chords.

In 1960, saxophonist Ornate Coleman reshaped the thinking of younger jazz musicians when he recorded the album Free Jazz with a double quartet. In this recording, Coleman discarded harmony, melody, and regular rhythms. He substituted unstructured improvisation played atonally (in no definite key). Pianist Cecil Taylor and bassist Charles Minus conducted similar atonal experiments.

In the 1960's, the influence of the music of India entered jazz through the adaptations of John Coltrane. Jazz musicians also began to use more unusual meters, such as 5/4, 7/4, and 9/8.

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