托福閱讀小結題怎么做

隨著人們經濟水平的提高，對于很多家庭來說，留學不再是一個可望而不可及的事情，許多人都想要留學，那其中托福閱讀小結題怎么做？針對這個問題，下面中國教育在線小編就來和大家分享一下。

托福 閱讀小結題怎么做

在托福閱讀題型中，小結題即每篇文章最后一道大題需要從六個選項中選出三個作為正確答案，每道題分值是2分。這題是考生最為頭疼的一個，很多考生都覺得這一道題很難因為選項多而且托福閱讀時間緊迫，通常在做到最后一題的時，還沒來得及仔細甄選，頁面已經變成了“時間到”的提示，所以就很悲催的進行了下一項的作答，相當影響心情和對后面的考試產生不利影響。

其實，如果練習得多的考生并不覺得小結題特別的難，只要掌握一些做題方法，這題將會成為托福閱讀考試中性價比很高的一題。那么有哪些技巧可以幫助考生解答托福閱讀小結題呢?下面就跟小編一起來學習一下吧。

第一步就是要在最快的速度內拉出文章構架：即在做所有題之前先快速跳讀一遍文章。通讀文章的時候只需要讀每段的首句、末句和轉折句。一般抓住了首尾句和轉折句就抓住了一段的主旨。讀首尾句的原因我們大家都很理解，那么讀轉折句的意義何在呢?

文章的首句說了一件事，如果下面沒有轉折的話，那下面的話肯定是在解釋上一句話，或者順著上一句話往下說，最后可能在總結一下，那我們只讀首尾句就可以概括出這段話的主旨，但是如果出現(xiàn)了轉折，也就是說后面說的事情和之前講的不一樣，也就是說文章的意思有兩層，轉折句就是第二層意思的概括。讀的時候做筆記是非常有必要的，看似在浪費時間，實則節(jié)省時間，因為免去了后面做題還要再看原文的痛苦，托福閱讀中的文章架構都是很清晰，一般我們看段首尾句和轉折句就可以抓住文段的中心。

第二步判斷選項，做文章小結題，我們要謹記選出來的選項是要能概括文章大意的，所以一些細節(jié)性的，和文章表述相矛盾的，或者是文章中未提及的選項都可以借助排除法進行選擇。那什么是細節(jié)性的呢?細節(jié)就是不需要被解釋的內容，也就是說陳述的是一件事實，我們判斷一個句子是不是細節(jié)，就要看它前后有沒有解釋。和文章表述相矛盾或者是原文中沒有提到的信息要排除，為什么呢?

因為我們選的要是能表達文章主要意思的選項，跟原文表述都相反怎么可能入選呢?有很多同學覺得自己分辨不出那些是文章沒提及的，那些是跟文章相違背的，其實這都是關于細節(jié)性的考察，我們之前做的題目就是積累細節(jié)的過程，要是一個選項中出現(xiàn)了我們沒看過的內容，雖然不能很斷定的說文章有沒有提及，但絕對不是文章的主旨，因為主旨不可能只提一次，而且在不顯眼的地方出現(xiàn)的，借助我們記的筆記，總結出各段的大意，我們很容易判斷出那些是段落主旨大意那些是細節(jié)性或者無關的信息。

平時做托福閱讀文章題的時候我們不要單純的只求速度，還要弄明白這道題背后的出題意思，做完一個文章小結題，我們要仔細的對照跟文段主要意思的匹配關系，細細體會，文章小結題就會迎刃而解。

托福閱讀真題練習

托福閱讀真題練習：土壤質地的文本+題目+答案

托福閱讀文本：

The mineral particles found in soil range in size from microscopic clay particles to large boulders. The most abundant particles — sand, silt, and clay — are the focus of examination in studies of soil texture. Texture is the term usedto describe the composite sizes of particles in a soil sample, typically several representative handfuls.

To measure soil texture, the sand, silt, and clay particles are sorted out by size and weight. The weights of each size are then expressed as a percentage of the sample weight. In the field, soil texture can be estimated by extracting ahandful of soil and squeezing the damp soil into three basic shapes; (1) cast, a lump formed by squeezing a sample in a clenched fist; (2) thread, a pencil shape formed by rolling soil between the palms; and (3) ribbon, a flatfish shapeformed by squeezing a small sample between the thumb and index finger. The behavioral characteristics of the soil when molded into each of these shapes, if they can be formed at all, provide the basis for a general texturalclassification. The behavior of the soil in the hand test is determined by the amount of clay in the sample. Clay particles are highly cohesive, and when dampened, behave as a plastic. Therefore the higher the clay content in a sample,the more refined and durable the shapes into which it can be molded.

Another method of determining soil texture involves the use of devices called sediment sieves,screens built with a specified mesh size. When the soil is filtered through a group of sieves, each with a different mesh size, the particlesbecome grouped in corresponding size categories. Each category can be weighed to make a textural determination. Although sieves work well for silt, sand, and larger particles, they are not appropriate for clay particles. Clay is far toosmall to sieve accurately; therefore, in soils with a high proportion of clay, the fine particles are measured on the basis of their settling velocity when suspended in water. Since clays settle so slowly, they are easily segregated fromsand and silt. The water can be drawn off and evaporated, leaving a residue of clay, which can be weighed.

托福閱讀題目：

1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

(A) Characteristics of high quality soil

(B) Particles typically found in most soils

(C) How a high clay content affects the texture of soil

(D) Ways to determine the texture of soil

2. The author mentions "several representative handfuls" in line 4 in order to show

(A) the range of soil samples

(B) the process by which soil is weighed

(C) the requirements for an adequate soil sample

(D) how small soil particles are weighted

3. The phrase "sorted out" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

(A) mixed

(B) replaced

(C) carried

(D) separated

4. It can be inferred that the names of the three basic shapes mentioned in paragraph 2 reflect

(A) the way the soil is extracted

(B) the results of squeezing the soil

(C) the need to check more than one handful

(D) the difficulty of forming different shapes

5. The word "dampened" in line 14 is closest in meaning to

(A) damaged

(B) stretched

(C) moistened

(D) examined

6. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about a soil sample with little or noclay in it?

(A) It is not very heavy.

(B) It may not hold its shape when molded.

(C) Its shape is durable

(D) Its texture cannot be classified

7. The word "they" in line 21 refers to

(A) categories

(B) sieves

(C) larger particles

(D) clay particles

8. It can be inferred from the passage that the sediment sieve has an advantage over the hand test

in determining soil texture because

(A) using the sieve takes less time

(B) the sieve can measure clay

(C) less training is required to use the sieve

(D) the sieve allows for a more exact measure

9. During the procedure described in paragraph 3, when clay particles are placed into water they

(A) stick to the sides of the water container

(B) take some time to sink to the bottom

(C) separate into different sizes

(D) dissolve quickly

10. The word "fine" in line 24 is closest in meaning to

(A) tiny

(B) many

(C) excellent

(D) various

11.All of the following words are defined in the passage EXCEPT

(A) texture (line 3)

(B) ribbon (line 10)

(C) sediment sieves (line 18)

(D) evaporated (line 25)

托福閱讀答案：

DADBC BBDBA D

托福閱讀影響速度的因素

托福閱讀想要拿到高分，那么必須要攻克閱讀速度。在復習中，我們首先要了解影響速度的因素都有哪些，這樣我們才知道自己的復習目標，攻克的困難是什么。為大家整理了詳細的內容，供大家參考。

1. 逐字翻譯導致讀句子的速度慢

很多同學在翻譯句子的過程中，都沒有一個良好的習慣，只是機械地把所有英文單詞的中文意思堆砌起來。對于簡單句來說，這樣做其實無可厚非;但是遇到語法結構稍微復雜的句子，這種方法便會立刻失效，于是同學們便會不斷重復回看這句話，想要弄清楚它的意思，這樣便造成了時間上的極大浪費。所以我們在平時練習過程中需要訓練自己養(yǎng)成一個良好的閱讀習慣，不要被那些單詞牽著走，而要主動地去分析句子結構：句子主語是誰?這個主語怎么了，發(fā)生了什么事?誰是修飾成分?誰才是真正的謂語?當我們能夠做到讀完一句理解一句，相信我們自然就能在要求時間之內答完題了。

2. 練習少，對題目缺乏熟悉度

許多同學把備考托福閱讀等同于背單詞，因而一天到晚只跟單詞書親近，卻不曾正眼看過TPO中的閱讀文章。背單詞固然重要，畢竟單詞不會，文章也無法理解。但是想要提高分數(shù)、想要沖刺閱讀高分，那我們就必須把TPO閱讀文章當作圣經一樣來對待。這不只是草草做題對答案了事，更是通過大量做題，來增強自己對于托福閱讀出題套路的了解，以期掌握每種題型的應對方案，爭取做到讀完題之后，能夠立刻找到題干中的有效關鍵詞，再迅速回文定位答案。同學們不要覺得題海戰(zhàn)術是很笨的方法，多年實踐已經證明，它其實是一種很有效率的學習方法，關鍵在于我們是否能夠通過題海戰(zhàn)術有所收獲，而不是為了做題而做題。

3. 文章結構不夠熟悉

我特別強調做完題后，分析每篇文章的文章結構這件事。為什么?因為文章結構大概也就那么幾種，見得多了，便就一見如故了。在考場上，我們根本沒有時間為了最后一道題而把文章再通讀一便。而倘若我們在做題過程中，就能迅速總結出每一段的中心意思，那么這篇文章我們一定會讀得更通透，在做每一段相應的題時也就能夠提高準確率。而能否迅速總結出段落大意就依賴于平時嚴格的訓練。不要做完了題就萬事大吉，把每篇文章充分利用起來，觀察它們的結構，多做總結，這樣的工作做得多了，必然會有所收獲的。

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