新托福寫作關(guān)于孩子教育的話題

　　新托福寫作關(guān)于孩子教育的話（廣州智美教育 黃蓉）

　　新托福寫作經(jīng)常會出一些限定人物主體的話題，比如說年輕人 (young people)，老年人 (elderly)，老師 (teacher)，教授 (professor)，家長 (parent)，名人 (celebrity) 等等。但是很多同學(xué)并不會從這些主體人群的不同特點(diǎn)來分析題目，進(jìn)而寫出一篇非?；\統(tǒng)不是很切題的文章。下面廣州智美教育的專家將給大家分析一種人群——孩子 (children)，首先我們先回顧下曾經(jīng)考過的children話題：

　　1. Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies. Others believe that young children should spend most of their time playing. Compare these two views. Which view do you agree with? Why?（小孩應(yīng)該在很小的時(shí)候接受正規(guī)教育并花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)上，還是應(yīng)該玩耍？）

　　2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children should be required to help with household tasks as soon as they are able to do so. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.（孩子應(yīng)該在可能的時(shí)候幫助做家務(wù)。同意與否？）

　　3. A gift (such as a camera, a soccer ball, or an animal) can contribute to a child’s development. What gift would you give to help a child develop? Why? Use reasons and specific examples to support your choice.（一個(gè)禮品比如照相機(jī)，足球，或動物可以對小孩的成長有幫助，你愿意給小孩什么禮物幫助他成長？）

　　4. Some young children spend a great amount of their time practicing sports. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.（很小的小孩花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間從事體育的好處和壞處？）

　　5. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Games are as important for adults as they are for children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.（游戲?qū)Τ赡耆撕托『⒆油瑯又匾?，同意與否？）

　　6. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Younger school children aged 5 to 10 should be required to study art and music in addition to math, language, science and history.（5-10歲的孩子應(yīng)該被要求學(xué)習(xí)除了數(shù)學(xué)，語言，科學(xué)以及歷史以外的繪畫和音樂。）

　　以上這些題目都是近一些關(guān)于孩子的真題，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)在對孩子的話題比較多并且比較泛，牽扯到很多，如孩子的學(xué)習(xí)與玩耍，孩子要不要做家務(wù)，禮物對孩子的影響，孩子與運(yùn)動，孩子與游戲，孩子與藝術(shù)音樂等的關(guān)系。其實(shí)在討論這些話題之前，學(xué)生們是否對孩子這個(gè)特殊的群體有了解呢？還是僅僅泛泛而談把年輕人或普遍大眾的特征強(qiáng)加到孩子身上去呢？下面我們來了解并解答這些題目我們需要什么樣的關(guān)于孩子的背景知識。今天廣州智美教育老師首先通過一個(gè)教育家Jean Piaget 談及孩子的教育給大家一些觀點(diǎn)和語言上的啟發(fā)：

　　Infant education is the education of children before they would normally enter school.（定義）The term "Infant" is typically applied to children between the ages of 1 month and 12 months.（時(shí)間）

　　Early childhood education focuses on children's learning through play, based on the research and philosophy of Jean Piaget （理論）This belief is centered on the "power of play". It has been thought that children learn more efficiently and gain more knowledge through play-based activities such as dramatic play, art, and social games. This theory plays stems children's natural curiosity and tendencies to "make believe", mixing in educational lessons.（這句話非常適合用于托福寫作中，說明孩子為什么需要玩耍。）

　　According to Piaget’s theory, when young children encounter information that conflicts with their previously learned expectations, or schemes, they attempt to both accommodate and assimilate the new information. Through accommodation, a child attempts to adapt his / her mental schemes and representations in order to make them consistent with reality. Through assimilation, a child attempts to fit new information into their pre-existing schemes about reality. Through these two processes, young children learn by equilibrating their mental representations of reality with the reality they encounter.（這段非常有邏輯的論證了孩子是如何在經(jīng)驗(yàn)中和實(shí)踐中不斷學(xué)習(xí)和成長的。）

　　By applying Piaget’s theories to school programs, children’s experiences become more hands-on and concrete as they explore the nature of things through trial and error.（很適用于我們托福寫作中孩子犯錯(cuò)的情況）He believes that early childhood education includes encouraging exploration, manipulating objects and learning about the world through field trips. （很好用的平行結(jié)構(gòu)加論據(jù)）Piaget found that children who were allowed to make mistakes often learned from them and discovered new solutions.（適用于創(chuàng)新）This theory posits that children build their own way of learning - paving the way for early childhood education.

　　Piaget’s theory have been significant in influencing early childhood education practices – how educators should teach, how they can affect children’s learning, and how they contribute to the cognitive development of the child.（一個(gè)非常漂亮的平行結(jié)構(gòu)。）

　　廣州智美教育老師認(rèn)為這篇文章在很好的程度上解釋了：

　　1. 孩子為什么要玩耍，如為了迎合好奇心，漸漸形成自己的意識，成長以及經(jīng)驗(yàn)的不斷更正的需要。

　　2. 怎么玩耍，如可以排演戲劇，體育鍛煉，參加短途旅游，學(xué)習(xí)藝術(shù)。

　　3. 玩耍過程中可能犯一些錯(cuò)誤都是為了認(rèn)識世界做準(zhǔn)備的，都給予了非常好的解釋，這些對孩子的早期教育有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。

　　4. 在詞句上大量用了平行結(jié)構(gòu)和學(xué)術(shù)詞匯，雖然不是非常難，但是非常地道，考生們可以學(xué)習(xí)這樣的詞句來寫托福寫作獨(dú)立作文，一定是非常有效果的。

　　廣州智美教育老師提示：這篇文章完全可以作為背景知識，看看外國學(xué)術(shù)專家們是如何看待一些托福常見話題的內(nèi)容的，同時(shí)也看看外國專家的邏輯是如何緊湊的。