托?？谡Z(yǔ)task4例題

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托?？谡Z(yǔ)task4例題

Question:

Using the example from the lecture, explain the concept of optimal foraging.

1、題目關(guān)鍵詞：

using the example, explain, the concept of optimal foraging

2、答題要領(lǐng)

(1)Briefly state the concept of optimal foraging.

(2)Use the example in the lecture to illustrate the concept.

3、閱讀材料要點(diǎn)：

(1)Animals lose energy in the process of obtaining food.

(2)To save energy, animals will minimize the energy they expend in the foraging process and maximize the nutritional benefits.

(3)The act is known as optimal foraging.

4、聽(tīng)力材料要點(diǎn)：

(1)There’s a bird that feeds on a type of shellfish that has a hard outer shell.

(2)When the bird preys, it carefully selects only the biggest shellfish.

(3)To crack the shellfish and then eat the meat, the bird carries the shellfish to a certain height,no more, no less, and then drop it.

(4)In this way, the bird expends only the right amount of energy that it needs to obtain the food.

5、模板：

(1) In this set of materials, the reading passage introduces the concept of optimal foraging and the listening material is a lecture by a professor on an example about the topic.

(2) The reading passage introduces a concept of optimal foraging

(3) In the lecture, the speaker illustrates an example of a bird to explain the concept of optimal foraging further

TPO托福口語(yǔ)Task4范文：

Optimal foraging is an energy-efficient approach for animals to obtain food. For example, there’s a type of bird that eats shellfish. The bird needs to grab the shellfish in the shallow water, carry the shellfish into the air and thendrop it on the rock below. The bird will only select the biggest shellfish to make sure it gets the most amount of energy for its efforts. Also, the bird only carries the shellfish to a specific height. If the height is lower, it willprobably need to drop the shellfish many times before the shell cracks open. If the height is higher than necessary, it would waste the bird’s energy. So this bird just spends the necessary amount of energy to obtain food.

托?？谡Z(yǔ)task4答題技巧

托?？谡Z(yǔ)task4是口語(yǔ)考試中的難點(diǎn)，掌握托福口語(yǔ)task4答題技巧對(duì)我們提高分?jǐn)?shù)是很有幫助的。下面小編就為同學(xué)們介紹托福口語(yǔ)task4答題技巧，讓大家更高效的備考托?？谡Z(yǔ)task4。

一、理清關(guān)系，抓住結(jié)構(gòu)，提煉內(nèi)容

無(wú)論是文章還是錄音，一般來(lái)說(shuō)可以通過(guò)句子間的邏輯關(guān)系(重復(fù)，并列，遞進(jìn)及轉(zhuǎn)折;補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，因果，羅列、對(duì)比以及舉例)來(lái)抓住段落的結(jié)構(gòu)，在提煉具體信息之后進(jìn)而獲取段落的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。在文章中，考生要抓住定義及補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明;在錄音中，考生需要把握概述或總結(jié)和舉例(3Ws)—(what, how, why)的內(nèi)容。補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，就是指的是一些較為具體的信息。概述在錄音中出現(xiàn)在段首，總結(jié)出現(xiàn)在例子結(jié)束的地方。下面我們就來(lái)了解一下第四題的高分答題框架和答題技巧。

首先，在第四題的reading部分呢，我們最重要也是唯一的主旨就是要找到題目中給出的學(xué)術(shù)話題的definition，Official Guide里面是這樣描述閱讀的意義的：Reading passage broadly defines a term, process, or idea from an academic subject。

那么這個(gè)定義我們要怎么找呢，由于托福考試當(dāng)中只有45S的閱讀時(shí)間，我們只需要用信號(hào)詞尋覓的方法找到擁有定義的那句話并且吵在草稿紙上就可以了。

經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的信號(hào)詞包括：

……(Definition)is known as ……

……(Definition) is called ……

……(Definition) is often referred to as ……

…… is a form of (Definition)……

…… is a term used to describe (Definition)……

……occurs when (Definition)……

One way……(Definition) is by ……

找到了Definition，接下來(lái)就要進(jìn)入聽(tīng)力的部分了，

第四題其實(shí)也是對(duì)未來(lái)的留學(xué)生活當(dāng)中最有幫助的一道題目，Official Guide里面對(duì)聽(tīng)力的描述是An excerpt from a lecture provides examples and specific information to illustrate the term, process, or idea from the reading passage。

也就是說(shuō)聽(tīng)力部分是講課當(dāng)中的一處節(jié)選，提供了閱讀部分中對(duì)于學(xué)術(shù)話題定義的舉例說(shuō)明。因此在聽(tīng)力當(dāng)中，考生只需要聽(tīng)到教授舉出的一個(gè)或兩個(gè)例子并且與閱讀當(dāng)中的定義做一個(gè)連結(jié)就可以了。聽(tīng)力當(dāng)中的例子基本上都是與我們的生活息息相關(guān)，因此用詞文法較為簡(jiǎn)單，考生不必?fù)?dān)心聽(tīng)不懂的情況。在聽(tīng)懂例子的前提下需要按順序記下事件發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵詞。

二、如何用英語(yǔ)描述要點(diǎn)

回答問(wèn)題時(shí)，要將文章和錄音中的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行有機(jī)結(jié)合和刪節(jié)。以這道題目為例：

Using the professor’s examples, explain the advertising technique of target marketing.

由于例子強(qiáng)調(diào)的是針對(duì)不同的群體做的廣告，沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)其有效性，故去掉文章中關(guān)于 “effective”的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)以上的要點(diǎn)，此答案的思路可以是這樣：

講座中，教授，手機(jī)廣告例子，闡述，目標(biāo)營(yíng)銷，廣告宣傳策略，特定觀眾，對(duì)產(chǎn)品有最大需求/不同廣告，吸引不同人群/在流行音樂(lè)節(jié)目間，播放手機(jī)廣告，強(qiáng)調(diào)好玩，顏色鮮艷，與朋友一起很開(kāi)心，銷售年輕人這種手機(jī)/不同廣告，在商務(wù)節(jié)目間，強(qiáng)調(diào)高效，商務(wù)人員，輕松處理商務(wù)，節(jié)約錢。

Sample Answer:

In the lecture, the professor uses commercials of a mobile phone to illustrate the advertising strategy of target marketing aiming at specific audiences who have the greatest demand for the product. The mobile phone company produces different commercials to appeal to different groups of people. During the shows with pop music, the commercial shows the phone’s bright colors and young people’s enjoyment in using it to emphasize that it’s fun to use this mobile phone for the purpose of selling it to them. But during the programs about business, the commercial conveys the idea to businessmen that their phone is so efficient that they can deal with business easily and even can save money.

新托福口語(yǔ)task4解析:不同性別長(zhǎng)相分工不一樣

托?？谡Z(yǔ)考試日期：

2018年1月28日

新托?？谡Z(yǔ)題目回憶版本一：

不同性別長(zhǎng)相分工不一樣，舉例天堂鳥(niǎo)bird of paradise。 雄鳥(niǎo)的羽毛明亮鮮艷，吸引配偶;雌鳥(niǎo)的顏色單調(diào)，負(fù)責(zé)哺育幼鳥(niǎo)，并且顏色單調(diào)不會(huì)被捕食者注意，有利于安全。

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