托??谡Z(yǔ)一二題要舉例子嗎
2023-10-19 16:48:25 來(lái)源:中國(guó)教育在線(xiàn)
托??谡Z(yǔ)一二題要舉例子嗎,相信這個(gè)問(wèn)題是許多正在準(zhǔn)備留學(xué)的同學(xué)關(guān)心的一個(gè)問(wèn)題,那么下面小編就來(lái)和大家說(shuō)一說(shuō),感興趣的您趕緊往下了解吧。
托福 口語(yǔ)一二題要舉例子嗎
托??谡Z(yǔ)一二題要舉例子嗎?很多考生反饋托??谡Z(yǔ)中task1、2中很難想到好的例子。下面是小編為您整理的關(guān)于托福口語(yǔ)一二題舉例子,希望對(duì)你有所幫助。
今天我們就來(lái)討論一下,在托福口語(yǔ)中要想說(shuō)出"好例子"該怎么表達(dá)?
事實(shí)上,“好的例子”包含這樣兩個(gè)方面的特質(zhì):其一是足夠的細(xì)致,“請(qǐng)你喝東西”和“請(qǐng)你喝一杯美式熱咖啡”給人的感受是大不相同的。其二是要足夠的一致,也就是說(shuō)例子與其論述的話(huà)題要在論證方向上完美一致。"好例子"的表達(dá)方式可以分為:定義、闡述、舉例、細(xì)分、背景、總結(jié)、原因、結(jié)果、類(lèi)比還有名言。以下我們會(huì)用幾個(gè)題目來(lái)解析托??谡Z(yǔ)"好例子"該怎么說(shuō)?
“定義”其實(shí)就是對(duì)話(huà)題當(dāng)中的某個(gè)概念(往往就是在口語(yǔ)題中提及的話(huà)題詞)所做的簡(jiǎn)要說(shuō)明,展開(kāi)討論,塑造觀點(diǎn)。范例如下:
Talk about a skill or ability that youconsider especially important for a student to have. Use details and examplesto explain your answer.
——TPO 19
參考答案:
I used to have trouble with doing homeworkwhen I was a young child because I did not make enough time for it. I wanted toplay with my friends, and I delayed homework until the last minute. Therefore,I believe that time organization makes up on important skill for a studentbecause this ability helps reduce procrastination. Procrastination is the enemyof the student, lowering both the quality of the work and the volume of the work. If a student can find a way to plan his/her activities throughout the dayand adhere strictly to this to-do-list, he/she will defeat procrastination andfind a way to improve effectiveness and live a fulfilling life.
《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》
“闡述”是對(duì)于觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明。當(dāng)觀點(diǎn)有值得被說(shuō)明特點(diǎn)/特質(zhì)/起源時(shí),常使用該方法促使讀者更清楚地了解觀點(diǎn)。范例如下:
Some people enjoy taking risks and tryingnew things. Others are not adventurous: they are cautious and prefer to avoiddanger. Which behavior do you think is better? Explain why.
——TPO 8
參考答案:
While it is difficult to say what iscorrect in every situation, I believe that being cautious is a better behaviorthan being daring and adventurous. The win-big or lose-big mentality of riskypeople is dangerous; if they win big a few times, they start to think that theycan win more. This can continue until they lose big. Cautious people are more stablein most areas of life. And cautious people are the ones who start the moststable families, and they are more reliable, etc.
《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》
“舉例”是當(dāng)抽象化事物(較為概括)的特質(zhì)通過(guò)某些具體事物(較為詳盡)表現(xiàn)出來(lái)時(shí)。舉例是口語(yǔ)中最常用到的論證方式。范例如下:
Some people believe that television has hada positive influence on society. Others believe it has had a negative influenceon society. Which do you agree with and why? Use details and examples toexplain your opinion.
——TPO 1
參考答案:
I believe that television has had a mainlypositive effect on society. Television is one of the best ways to conveyinformation to many people. For example, news programs are easy to watch andallow people to effortlessly stay up-to-date with current events. Televisionnews programs cover everything from local events to worldwide news, and arevery convenient for people to watch before or after work. In addition, I thinkthat television is good for family life. Families can often sit together andwatch television, and in a time when teenagers rebel against their parents andseek independence, TV offers a nice way for family members to stay close to oneother.
《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》
“細(xì)分”就是把一個(gè)大的討論范圍(合集)按照某個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)劃分為若干小的討論范圍(子集),它很實(shí)用,既可以用于從總論點(diǎn)劃分出分論點(diǎn),也可以用于將分論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)成主體段時(shí)做拆分。在口語(yǔ)中,分成兩個(gè)子論點(diǎn)的情況較為常見(jiàn)。有鑒于答題時(shí)間,我們一般會(huì)覺(jué)得細(xì)分三點(diǎn)就會(huì)顯得比較局促了。范例如下:
Some college students choose to takecourses in a variety of subject areas in order to get a broad education. Otherschoose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeperunderstanding of that area. Which approach to course selection do you think isbetter for students and why?
——TPO 2
參考答案:
To me, college should both broaden anddeepen one’s knowledge. I think that at the beginning of college, perhaps forthe first and second year students, it is good to receive a broad education.Taking a wide range of courses allows these students to become knowledgeableabout many subjects and makes them better-rounded. Once students decide on amajor, focusing on that single subject is the best, as this will allow them totruly excel in the field they choose to enter.
《新托福真題詳解——口語(yǔ)分卷(第一冊(cè)第二版)》
“背景”討論的是比主體對(duì)象更大的東西,對(duì)主體對(duì)象起到支持或支撐作用。一般有兩種提供背景的方法。第一種是較為嚴(yán)格意義上的擴(kuò)大討論范圍,通過(guò)說(shuō)明“整體”所具有的性質(zhì)來(lái)論證“部分(實(shí)際論證對(duì)象)”也自然具有同一性質(zhì)。第二種是提供一個(gè)關(guān)系稍顯松散,只是對(duì)要論證的對(duì)象有鋪墊作用的大的背景信息??谡Z(yǔ)之中也很常見(jiàn)。范例如下:
Talk about an important experience that yourecently had. Describe what happened and explain why it was important toyou.
——TPO 9
參考答案:
I recently spent a year studying abroad inChina, and I found the experience to be engaging and worthwhile. Living alonein a foreign country allowed me to be truly independent for a year, and I feellike I have matured greatly from the experience. I now know how to bettermanage my money, how to plan my days out, and more. In addition, my Chinesespeaking ability has improved dramatically. Using Chinese to speak to peoplearound me every day helped my Chinese improve a lot, so the effects of my Chinatrip are still with me every day.
托??谡Z(yǔ)指導(dǎo)復(fù)習(xí)方法
很多同學(xué)其實(shí)在備考托??谡Z(yǔ)考試的時(shí)候,其實(shí)不知道該怎么來(lái)備考?今天就為大家整理了一些復(fù)習(xí)方法,指導(dǎo)大家更好地來(lái)完成口語(yǔ)的備考。并且為大家整理了一些口語(yǔ)備考中誤區(qū),讓大家更好地認(rèn)識(shí)托??谡Z(yǔ)。
托??谡Z(yǔ)不等于口語(yǔ)
很多同學(xué)都在還有一兩個(gè)月就要考試的時(shí)候來(lái)問(wèn)我如何提高口語(yǔ)交流水平,希望能夠“跟老外自然流暢交流”,還有同學(xué)問(wèn)我背美劇臺(tái)詞、大量看BBC或CNN等節(jié)目有沒(méi)有用。
肯定的說(shuō),有用。但是只是對(duì)練習(xí)“口語(yǔ)”有用,而對(duì)練習(xí)“托??谡Z(yǔ)”是沒(méi)有用的。
沒(méi)錯(cuò),托??谡Z(yǔ)不等于口語(yǔ)??谡Z(yǔ)練習(xí)是個(gè)長(zhǎng)久戰(zhàn),長(zhǎng)期讓自己浸泡在語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中當(dāng)然百利而無(wú)一害。
但是你要明確你的目標(biāo)是什么,如果你的目標(biāo)清晰明確,就是要在短期內(nèi)提高托福考試中口語(yǔ)部分的成績(jī),那么以上的方法就完全藥不對(duì)癥了。所以你需要知道口語(yǔ)到底考的是什么。
托福口語(yǔ)考試內(nèi)容
托??谡Z(yǔ)考試需要你證明你的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)能力足以應(yīng)對(duì)留學(xué)過(guò)程中以下這三種最主要的場(chǎng)合:日常交流、校園生活、課上學(xué)術(shù)。
托??谡Z(yǔ)考試共包含6個(gè)tasks,專(zhuān)為這三種場(chǎng)合設(shè)計(jì)了三類(lèi)題型:Personal Experiences and Preferences, Campus situations, Academic Courses.
Personal Experiences and Preferences
這類(lèi)題型說(shuō)的是Task 1和Task 2, 就是我們通常說(shuō)的Independent tasks(獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)題目), 共有三種類(lèi)型的問(wèn)題:開(kāi)放式題目、三選一題目、二選一題目。這三種問(wèn)題都是圍繞生活中遇到的常見(jiàn)話(huà)題展開(kāi)??荚嚂r(shí)在題目打出文字,讀出題目之后,考生會(huì)有15秒的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間,然后45秒的回答時(shí)間。比較傳統(tǒng)的簡(jiǎn)單的題型是圍繞人物、事件、地點(diǎn)和物品四種類(lèi)型展開(kāi),2016年以來(lái)日益多見(jiàn)針對(duì)某件事情給出建議和描述個(gè)人愛(ài)好的題型,難度有所加大,扣分壓分力度亦有所增強(qiáng)。對(duì)于這類(lèi)題型,同學(xué)們要多關(guān)注生活中常見(jiàn)的話(huà)題,多練free talk,即開(kāi)放式的練習(xí)描述你身邊的所見(jiàn)所聞。
Campus Situations
這類(lèi)題型說(shuō)的是Task 3和Task 5,就是我們通常說(shuō)的綜合口語(yǔ)題目中的校園生活類(lèi)題型。
其中,Task 3是考生先看一遍校園公告或者公開(kāi)信講述校園將要發(fā)生的一個(gè)變化,并給出發(fā)生此變化的兩個(gè)原因,然后聽(tīng)到一篇一男一女的對(duì)話(huà),其中一個(gè)人提出同意或者反對(duì)閱讀中提出的變化,并給出兩個(gè)理由。之后考生有30秒的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間和60秒的回答時(shí)間,概括閱讀中提到的“變化”的主要內(nèi)容,聽(tīng)力中主說(shuō)的態(tài)度及其兩個(gè)理由。
Task 5是考生聽(tīng)一段一男一女的對(duì)話(huà),描述生活中遇到的一個(gè)困難及兩個(gè)相應(yīng)的解決方案。之后考生有20秒的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間和60秒的回答時(shí)間。與第三題不同的是,在考生復(fù)述完聽(tīng)力中的概況之后,需要增加自己的個(gè)人建議,幫助聽(tīng)力中遇到困難的人從兩個(gè)解決方案中選擇一個(gè),并給出理由。
Academic Courses
這類(lèi)題型說(shuō)的是Task 4和Task 6, 就是我們通常說(shuō)的綜合口語(yǔ)題目中的學(xué)術(shù)講座類(lèi)型題。在題目中考生會(huì)聽(tīng)到教授在課上講座的一個(gè)片段。
其中,Task 4是考生先看針對(duì)某一個(gè)學(xué)科術(shù)語(yǔ)的描述性文章(即閱讀部分),然后再聽(tīng)教授對(duì)這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行的舉例解釋(即聽(tīng)力部分)。之后,學(xué)生有30秒的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間和60秒的回答時(shí)間概括閱讀和聽(tīng)力中的主要內(nèi)容(不需要增加個(gè)人觀點(diǎn))。
Task 6是考生直接聽(tīng)一篇講座片段,教授先對(duì)某一現(xiàn)象做一個(gè)基本概述,然后用兩個(gè)對(duì)稱(chēng)的例子對(duì)現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行解釋。聽(tīng)完聽(tīng)力之后考生有20秒的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間和60秒的回答時(shí)間復(fù)述聽(tīng)力中的主要內(nèi)容(同樣不需要增加個(gè)人觀點(diǎn))。
托??谡Z(yǔ)時(shí)間怎樣合理分配
第1題:準(zhǔn)備15秒,說(shuō)45秒。
第2題:準(zhǔn)備15秒,說(shuō)45秒。
第3題:閱讀+聽(tīng)力,討論學(xué)校方面的話(huà)題,不需要加入自己觀點(diǎn)。讀45s,聽(tīng)60s,準(zhǔn)備30s,說(shuō)60s。
第4題:閱讀+講座,教授套用例子,不需要加入自己觀點(diǎn)。讀45s,聽(tīng)60s---90s,準(zhǔn)備30秒,說(shuō)60秒。
第5題:聽(tīng)力,總結(jié)問(wèn)題,出主意,要自己選觀點(diǎn)說(shuō)體驗(yàn)。聽(tīng)60-90秒,準(zhǔn)備20s,說(shuō)60s。
第6題:講座,復(fù)述一遍教授的總分總結(jié)構(gòu),不需要自己的觀點(diǎn)。聽(tīng)60-90s,準(zhǔn)備20s,說(shuō)60秒。
對(duì)于那些剛剛接觸托??谡Z(yǔ)的同學(xué)們來(lái)說(shuō),口語(yǔ)部分也許是比較難啃的一塊大肉。由于國(guó)內(nèi)的應(yīng)試教育,導(dǎo)致了很多人學(xué)的都是‘啞巴英語(yǔ)“面對(duì)托??谡Z(yǔ)使他們不知道說(shuō)什么從何說(shuō)起。這就需要我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的時(shí)候加強(qiáng)對(duì)話(huà)題的拓展和訓(xùn)練。
讀/聽(tīng)/說(shuō)題目和聽(tīng)/說(shuō)題目都要求考生充分理解相關(guān)的題目材料,對(duì)考生的口語(yǔ)能力和臨場(chǎng)應(yīng)變能力較高。每道題目回答時(shí)間不超過(guò)一分鐘,這要求考生的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用要高度歸納并精練準(zhǔn)確。
TOEFL 口語(yǔ)考試是電腦錄音,評(píng)判者是通過(guò)聽(tīng)錄音來(lái)做分?jǐn)?shù)評(píng)估的,所以,說(shuō)得快未必是件好事,說(shuō)得清楚才是重點(diǎn)。考慮到評(píng)卷者可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生的聽(tīng)覺(jué)疲勞,所以考生們表述時(shí)不要一味求快,而要注意斷句、重音和語(yǔ)調(diào)。
托??谡Z(yǔ)考試的第一題和第二題是獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)任務(wù),大家需要做的是就用自己的經(jīng)歷或想法來(lái)回答問(wèn)題。題目主要涉及日常生活和一些社會(huì)現(xiàn)象,準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間15秒,答題時(shí)間45秒。從時(shí)間上看,15秒的準(zhǔn)備,這么短的時(shí)間根本無(wú)法讓考生醞釀出好的答案來(lái),所以要想在這兩個(gè)題目上獲得高分,預(yù)先的素材準(zhǔn)備也是必不可少的。
那么以上就是關(guān)于托福口語(yǔ)一二題要舉例子嗎的相關(guān)內(nèi)容啦,以上內(nèi)容作為參考分享給大家,希望能幫助到有需要的同學(xué),如果還有更多想要了解的內(nèi)容可以關(guān)注本平臺(tái)繼續(xù)瀏覽。
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