雅思寫作如何舉例子雅思大作文恰當(dāng)舉例說明

隨著全球化的加速和教育的多樣化，越來越多的學(xué)生選擇留學(xué)，而在申請國外大學(xué)時(shí)，語言考試是繞不開的一環(huán)，本文和大家說一說：雅思寫作如何舉例子？雅思大作文恰當(dāng)舉例說明，一起往下來看看吧。

在評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)TR項(xiàng)中，6分的要求是提出了多個相關(guān)的主要論點(diǎn)，但某些論點(diǎn)可能未能充分展開進(jìn)行論證或不甚清晰，7分的要求是呈現(xiàn)、發(fā)展主要論點(diǎn)并就其進(jìn)行論證，但有時(shí)出現(xiàn)過于一概而論的傾向及/或論點(diǎn)缺乏重點(diǎn)的傾向，8分的要求是就寫作任務(wù)中的問題進(jìn)行較為充分展開的回應(yīng)，并提出相關(guān)的、得以延伸的以及含有論據(jù)的論點(diǎn)，9分的要求是就寫作任務(wù)重的問題提出充分展開的觀點(diǎn)，并提出相關(guān)的、得以延伸的以及論據(jù)充分的論點(diǎn)。

舉例是實(shí)現(xiàn)論證充分的有效途徑。但很多G友會混淆ideas和examples，雖然寫了For example，但后面的內(nèi)容并不是真正的例子，而是泛泛而談或重復(fù)觀點(diǎn)，導(dǎo)致TR表現(xiàn)仍不理想，甚至影響CC。

本期，組長搬運(yùn)雅思學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站ieltsadvantage關(guān)于雅思寫作舉例的內(nèi)容，幫助大家正確理解什么是例子、怎樣舉例。原文可點(diǎn)擊頁面左下方到達(dá)。

以下為正文

例子可以讓你的essay更容易讀懂，同時(shí)更有效地論證觀點(diǎn)。舉具體的例子要比抽象的論述要簡單的多?？忌鷳?yīng)認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)如何恰當(dāng)?shù)呐e例。

一、例子與段落結(jié)構(gòu)

雅思考察的是交流能力，就寫作而言，就是考察考生用英語寫出易懂段落的能力。要讓一個段落易懂，最好只論述一個idea。很多雅思考生誤以為idea數(shù)量越多，TR分?jǐn)?shù)越高。實(shí)際上恰恰相反，只有用解釋和例子充分拓展idea才會得高分，idea數(shù)量多并不會加分。以下面的題目和段落為例：

題目：Today people are traveling more than before. Why is this the case?

段落1：I think more people are traveling because people are earning more money these days and they can afford to travel. Additionally, flights are much cheaper than they were in the past. Moreover, people have very stressful lives these days and need to go on holiday. Furthermore, children expect to be taken on holiday when they are off school during the summer. Finally, it is good for the family to spend time with one another.

說明：上述段落列出了多個觀點(diǎn)，向考官展示了自己對這個話題的了解程度。但是，雅思考的不是知識面，而是寫作能力。這個段落只是在列清單，沒有充分地拓展觀點(diǎn)、形成一個邏輯連貫的段落。

段落2：In the past, air tickets were only for the rich and famous because most salaries could not cover the price of a flight to a foreign country. This meant that the majority simply stayed at home or took their holidays domestically; however, this has all changed with the creation of budget airlines. Low-cost carriers, such as Ryanair in Europe or Tiger Air in Asia, have meant that anyone can save up and travel to a new country, with prices starting as low as $1.

說明：段落2只提出了一個觀點(diǎn)航空旅行便宜。作者在第一句提出了觀點(diǎn)，然后進(jìn)行了解釋，扣住題目，并使用例子來支撐。這是符合考官期待的段落，其結(jié)構(gòu)可以概括為：中心句（提出觀點(diǎn)）+解釋（解釋觀點(diǎn)，為什么你這么認(rèn)為，與題目的關(guān)系）+舉例。

二、怎樣舉例

?很多考生覺得舉例很難，如果沒有真實(shí)的例子，其實(shí)編一個就行?？脊俨粫藢?shí)例子的真實(shí)性，他們只在乎你是否會舉例。

編例子有四種方法：高校研究，政府民調(diào)，新聞報(bào)道，個人經(jīng)驗(yàn)，例如：

舉例方法

論點(diǎn)/話題

舉例

高校研究

使用iPad和iPhone可以讓孩子們增長知識。

For example, a recent study by Queens University found that regularly using smart phones or tablets increased literacy rates by 28%.

政府民調(diào)孩子上男校/女校好，還是混校好

For instance, a recent poll by the UK Government found that 68% of people who attended single sex schools would have preferred to have gone to a mixed school.

新聞報(bào)道暴力游戲與青少年犯罪率上升有關(guān)。

The New York Times reported in March 2015 that violent crimes committed by under 15 year olds, such as assault, murder and rape, were linked to playing violent video games.

個人經(jīng)驗(yàn)交通擁堵的解決辦法。

In my local city they have installed bike lanes and places where you can safely park your bike and this has encouraged thousands of people to stop using cars.

三、避免泛化

雅思考生在舉例時(shí)最容易出現(xiàn)的錯誤就是泛化（too general），例子要具體才能有力的支撐論證。下面結(jié)合題目和論點(diǎn)來說明怎樣的例子算具體：

題目：為什么女性應(yīng)獲得同等收入。

論點(diǎn)：在大學(xué)里，女性分?jǐn)?shù)比男生高。

舉例1：For example, women achieve more than men at university.

說明：這是個籠統(tǒng)的陳述，并沒有在支撐論點(diǎn)，而只是在重復(fù)論點(diǎn)。

舉例2：For instance, most women on my university course did better than men.

說明：這個比上一個好一些，提到我的大學(xué)讓例子更具體，但還是缺乏細(xì)節(jié)，讀起來感覺含糊。

舉例3：For example, at Queens University in 2009 32% of female law graduates achieved First Class Honours , while only 8% of males achieved the same.

說明：這是個非常具體的例子，包含了時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、數(shù)字。當(dāng)與人討論問題時(shí)，顯然這樣的例子更有說服力，更能讓對方理解和接受你的觀點(diǎn)。

讓例子具體化的辦法就是：增加日期、地點(diǎn)、公司名稱、大學(xué)名稱、人名、統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)等信息。

四、例子的語言

一篇大作文里提到2-3個例子即可，可以用以下短語來引出例子：

1.For example, thousands of Palestinians and Israelis have joined the same online groups that show support for peace and solidarity, something that would have been impossible 25 years ago.

2.For instance, Cambridge University found in a recent study that 62% of men and women who paid for an annual gym membership failed to go entirely after just one month.

3.This is illustrated by the fact that in the United States you must complete four years of higher education before you can study law.

4.Many sports brands, such as Adidas and Nike, pay professional athletes million of dollars to endorse their products.

5.There are now a few low cost airlines in the UK, namely Ryanair and Easyjet, that offer very affordable flights.

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