如何備考雅思閱讀
2024-08-05 12:52:20 來(lái)源:中國(guó)教育在線
如何備考雅思閱讀,很多同學(xué)對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題有疑問(wèn)和不解,那么下面就跟著中國(guó)教育在線的小編詳細(xì)了解一下吧。
雅思考試:如何借鑒寫(xiě)作思路備考雅思閱讀
許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為,動(dòng)輒900-1000字的閱讀文章對(duì)于只有150和250字的雅思作文借鑒意義不大,事實(shí)上,兩者在主題、構(gòu)思、句式、用詞等方面有著很大的相似性。
1. 主題性
閱讀文章和雅思寫(xiě)作題目涵蓋的范圍比較廣,具有極強(qiáng)的主題性,其重合話題有:環(huán)境、社會(huì)、教育三大方面。閱讀文章的內(nèi)容能幫助考生更好地理解題目的文化背景,積累觀點(diǎn)素材,在備考過(guò)程中,考生可以將這兩項(xiàng)結(jié)合起來(lái)。
劍四test 2的reading passage 1Lost for Words極好的回答了雅思一道較難的文化類(lèi)考題:what are the reasons for the loss of many cultures and languages? How to solve this problem?
許多學(xué)生因?yàn)槿鄙賹?duì)這一背景的了解而無(wú)從下手,我們完全可以看看這篇閱讀文章提供了哪些素材:
1 What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers, but how old they are. If it is spoken by children, it is relatively safe。
2 people reject the language of their parents It begins with a crisis of confidence, when a small community finds itself alongside a larger, wealthier society
3 Quite often, governments try to kill off a minority language by banning its use in public or discouraging its use in schools, all to promote national unity。
4They cannot refuse to speak English if most commercial activity is in English
這些都是十分準(zhǔn)確而又全面的回答,說(shuō)明了許多語(yǔ)言喪失的原因,甚至連語(yǔ)言喪失對(duì)于文化的連帶影響也有所涉及:Language is also intimately bound with culture, so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other。
這篇文章在后文也對(duì)如何解決這一問(wèn)題做出了回答: a growing interest in cultural identity may prevent the direst prediction from coming true。apprentice programs have provided life support t several indigenous languages。
值得注意的是,這篇閱讀文章的結(jié)構(gòu)是遵循背景原因解決方式的架構(gòu)來(lái)安排的,對(duì)于寫(xiě)作結(jié)構(gòu)也有很好的架構(gòu)作用。
2.流程圖的描述
2010年雅思寫(xiě)作Task I圖畫(huà)題頻現(xiàn),許多學(xué)生不太熟悉流程圖,對(duì)于如何描述其過(guò)程極為擔(dān)心。其實(shí)分析發(fā)現(xiàn),這樣的句式在說(shuō)明型的閱讀文章中屢見(jiàn)不鮮,這類(lèi)閱讀文章常常涉及某個(gè)事物的發(fā)展過(guò)程或者制作方式,其遣詞造句都是可以進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)和利用。
劍五Test 2 Reading passage 1是一篇關(guān)于對(duì)現(xiàn)代塑料的說(shuō)明文章,其中有一段就是對(duì)塑料制作過(guò)程的描述,很多句式都可以拿來(lái)我用。
首先是對(duì)這一流程的總體概括The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in which phenol and formaldehyde were initially combined under vacuum inside a large egg-shaped kettle。 我們可以根據(jù)這個(gè)句式來(lái)描寫(xiě)2009年9月一道關(guān)于玻璃瓶子回收過(guò)程的題目,
如:A three-stage process is outlined, in which the used bottles are collected and re-produced in the plant.
接著,制作過(guò)程中的細(xì)節(jié)按照先后順序鋪開(kāi),并結(jié)合被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與準(zhǔn)確的動(dòng)詞選擇:The resin was allowed to cool in shallow trays until it hardened, and then broken up and ground into powder. Other substances were then introduced, including。 。 In the last stage, the heated Bakelite was poured into a hollow mould of the required shape ,其中的cool, break, grind, pour等動(dòng)詞都是在工作流程中的高頻詞匯。then, in the last stage也可以作為極好的連接過(guò)渡詞。
劍五Test 4 Reading passage 2關(guān)于強(qiáng)化玻璃的說(shuō)明文中也有類(lèi)似的描述句式: used to make glass, and nickel can also be introduced by fragments of nickel alloys falling into the molten glass. As the glass is heated, these atoms react to form
其中的be used to, introduce, melt, heat也都可以用在描述中。
3.圖表的描述
由于閱讀文章中也不乏對(duì)于數(shù)據(jù)的說(shuō)明,我們也很容易找到可以在雅思圖表作文中使用的句式。
劍四 Test 2 Reading passage 2中的一段According to, 18% of patients; 12% suffer from, which is only 1% more than those。 。 Those suffering from represents 7% of their patients, and candida sufferers represent an equal percentage.represent 6% and 5% respectively, and a further 4% see
這是一段很好的排序段范例,在描寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)的同時(shí)也比較了大小,句式變化多樣,考生也不妨學(xué)習(xí)一下。
4.辯論文章觀點(diǎn)的表述
盡管沒(méi)有與雅思寫(xiě)作辯論文章完全對(duì)應(yīng)的形式,閱讀文章中也有很多可以效仿的觀點(diǎn)表述句式,與學(xué)生動(dòng)輒some people think的單調(diào)表述相比,其表達(dá)生動(dòng)多樣。在此進(jìn)行了一些總結(jié):
如 reject this, pointing out that , When it comes to,,believe the main reason for is, there is a widespread belief that, It was once assumed that。 。 However,, There is an abundance of evidence to support the belief that , the answer to depends on,等。
總之,作為較為正式的英文表達(dá),雅思閱讀是極好的寫(xiě)作模仿對(duì)象??忌梢詮拈喿x文章里汲取許多好的句式,以克服在日常寫(xiě)作中中式英語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題。
5. 用詞
雅思寫(xiě)作對(duì)詞匯的要求主要是準(zhǔn)確性和多樣性,許多學(xué)生對(duì)這一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沒(méi)有明確的認(rèn)識(shí)和把握,而在閱讀文章中可以很清楚地了解到什么樣的詞匯更適合書(shū)面表達(dá)。
1) 開(kāi)頭:
劍四Test1Reading passage1: Adults and children are frequently confronted with statements about the alarming rate of loss of tropical rainforests.
這是一個(gè)很好的聯(lián)系實(shí)際的開(kāi)頭模式,be confronted with這一詞組可以應(yīng)用于很多主題,當(dāng)下的熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題如犯罪、環(huán)境、教育、工作甚至科技所帶來(lái)的變化等,如:
Modern people are confronted with drastic changes brought about by high technology
再如劍六G類(lèi)Section A Reading passage 3的開(kāi)頭:Per capita water usage has been on an upward trend for many years. 可以用來(lái)代替在學(xué)生中過(guò)于流行的一種開(kāi)頭模式more and more,如:
The number of people who choose distance-learning has been on an upward trend
由于閱讀文章和寫(xiě)作文章有許多相似的背景和主題,在思路枯竭時(shí),不妨學(xué)習(xí)一下閱讀文章盡快切入主題。
2) 主體部分
閱讀文章在提及同一意思時(shí),常會(huì)用同義詞來(lái)表達(dá),這點(diǎn)很值得考生學(xué)習(xí),如提及環(huán)境脆弱時(shí),會(huì)用到fragile, vulnerable等不同的詞語(yǔ)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明,以下是對(duì)于一些閱讀中常見(jiàn)同義詞的總結(jié),這些都可以在寫(xiě)作中有所運(yùn)用:
incorporate into / integrate with/ combinewith 將與結(jié)合
consistent with/ comply with/ in accordance with/ correspond with/ conform to/compatible with 與一致,相符
comprise/ include/ involve/ consist of 包括
trigger/ ignite/ give birth to/breed 產(chǎn)生
cope with/ tackle/ combat/ address 解決
object to/ disapprove/ oppose 反對(duì)
independent of/ regardless of/ free from 不管,不受干擾
ascribeto/ attribute to/blameon/for 把歸咎于
當(dāng)然這只是眾多同義替換詞中很少的一部分,考生可以在閱讀文章及做題時(shí)留心這些單詞,并予以模仿,更好地滿足寫(xiě)作的需要。
3) 結(jié)尾部分
文章進(jìn)行到這里,許多學(xué)生自覺(jué)捉襟見(jiàn)肘,江郎才盡,難以下筆,閱讀文章再次給了我們一些新的思路和啟示。
如09.7.23的一道寫(xiě)作題目Many people are optimistic about the 21st century and see it as an opportunity to make positive changes to the world. To what extent do you agree or disagree with their optimism? What changes would you like to see in the new century?
巧合的是,劍五Test 1 Reading Passage 3 的結(jié)尾與這道題目契合度很高,It is crucial that we look at the facts if we want to make the best possible solutions for the future. It may be costly to be overly optimisticbut more costly still to be too pessimistic.
曾有學(xué)生回憶自己寫(xiě)作高分心得時(shí)提到有些觀點(diǎn)和句式都是來(lái)自于雅思閱讀文章,而且在模仿過(guò)程中,自己的文章也越來(lái)越地道;另外寫(xiě)作的構(gòu)思和對(duì)句法的把握,也有利于對(duì)閱讀文章的理解。
以上即是如何借鑒寫(xiě)作思路備考雅思閱讀的全部?jī)?nèi)容,大家在備考雅思閱讀時(shí)可以借鑒以上所提到的內(nèi)容,以便更好的應(yīng)對(duì)。
以上,就是本文的全部?jī)?nèi)容分享,希望能給同學(xué)們帶來(lái)參考,如果您還有如何備考雅思閱讀其他方面的疑問(wèn),歡迎隨時(shí)在線咨詢(xún)客服老師。
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