如何在雅思閱讀中利用邏輯關(guān)系詞提高分?jǐn)?shù)

近年來，越來越多的中國(guó)學(xué)子選擇留學(xué)，那其中如何在雅思閱讀中利用邏輯關(guān)系詞提高分?jǐn)?shù)？本文則針對(duì)這個(gè)問題，為大家整理了資料，接下來咱們就一起往下了解吧。

關(guān)于邏輯關(guān)系詞在閱讀中的作用，我們首先來看一段文字：

the discourse markers signal relationships: between different parts of the discourse…the main reason for studying them is the usefulness in helping the reader to work out the meaning of difficult text.They often show the relationship the writer intends between two parts of the text,so if you can understand one part,the discourse marker is a possible key to the other part.

(Christine Nuttall,1996.Teaching Reading Skills in a Foreign Language,Heinemann)

具體到雅思閱讀，邏輯關(guān)系詞在解題中體現(xiàn)出兩大功能：

一、語意推斷

語意推斷主要是運(yùn)用于重點(diǎn)題型之一的摘要題(Summary)。具體是指根據(jù)空格所在句及前后句的邏輯關(guān)系詞，分析詞語之間，句子之間的語意關(guān)系，推斷出所缺單詞的大致含義。

例如：

1.劍4 / P77 / Q38

Some corpora include a wide range of language while others are used to focus on a particular linguistic feature.

根據(jù)while這個(gè)表示對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系詞，可以判斷它前后部分是對(duì)比或反義關(guān)系?！癮 wide range of language”指的是語言研究的廣泛的各個(gè)方面，可以預(yù)判空格處應(yīng)是指具體的方面。

2.劍1 / P20 / Q4-5

The very first fire-lighting methods involved the creation of friction by, for example, rapidly rotating a wooden stick in a round hole.

根據(jù)介詞“by”和“for example”這個(gè)表示舉例的邏輯關(guān)系詞，可以預(yù)判第二個(gè)空格應(yīng)是和“creation of friction”(產(chǎn)生摩擦)的具體動(dòng)作有關(guān)的詞。

3.劍1 / P20 / Q6

The use of percussion or persistent chipping was also widespread in Europe …

題干中出現(xiàn)了表示遞進(jìn)的邏輯關(guān)系詞in the short term … in the longer term …?？焖俨樽x原文，可定位于文中相同的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)in the immediate future … in the long term …。

另外，對(duì)雅思真題文章進(jìn)行精讀訓(xùn)練的同學(xué)會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，除了以上兩大功能之外，邏輯關(guān)系詞在原文中的位置還常常是命題考點(diǎn)最集中的地方。因此學(xué)習(xí)和掌握邏輯關(guān)系詞在閱讀中的功能和作用，將對(duì)提高答題的速度起關(guān)鍵性的作用。同時(shí)，能夠熟練運(yùn)用邏輯關(guān)系詞對(duì)于寫出條理清楚，層次分明的雅思作文也大有幫助。

二、定位例如：

1.劍5 / P50 / Q30-31

題干：In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English hadneither the technical vocabulary nor the grammatical resourcesto express their ideas.

原文：First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary.Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required torepresent the world … (Para.7) 題干中出現(xiàn)的neither…nor…是連接兩個(gè)否定概念的并列邏輯關(guān)系詞。原文中對(duì)應(yīng)出現(xiàn)了完全相同的邏輯關(guān)系，即first, it lacked …,second it lacked …(表現(xiàn)方式有所變化)。我們可根據(jù)這種對(duì)應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系在原文中快速定位答案信息源。

2.劍5 / P50 / Q33-34

題干：Although English was then overtaken by German, itdeveloped again in the 19th century as a direct result of theindustrial revolution.

原文：In the following century much of this momentum waslost as German established itself as the leading European language of science. … However, in the 19th century scientificEnglish again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrialrevolution created the need for new technical vocabulary

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