成人學位英語《語法》復習攻略大全

成人學位英語《語法》的復習重點是什么？成人學位英語考試難度基本相當于大學英語四級，這是大眾眼里的學位英語，也是成人本科生學位申請的必要條件。其中語法在成人學位英語考試中占分值很高，接下來就跟著小編一起來了解一下吧

動詞的時態(tài)?

特別關(guān)注：

1、一般現(xiàn)在時的特殊用法;2、一般過去時;3、過去進行時4、現(xiàn)在完成時5、過去完成時;6、將來完成時;7、現(xiàn)在完成進行完成時;8、過去完成進行時。

一、一般現(xiàn)在式：

特殊用法： 在時間狀語、條件狀語從句(if, unless)中表示將來的動作:

A.時間狀語(before, after, untill, as soon as, when)：

They will go home for winter vocation as soon as they _finish_their exams.

When the mixture _is heated , it will give off a powerful force.

34.”When are you going to visit your uncle in Chicago?”

“As soon as D.we complete our work for tomorrow.” (03/11試A)

B.條件狀語(if, unless)：

We’ll go fishing if weather is good tomorrow.

D。改為is free。when引導的時間狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。2000年試題A

I can’t go to your birthday party unless my father agrees.

除非我爸爸同意,否則我去不了你的生日會

二、一般過去時： (要掌握常用不規(guī)則動詞的過去式及過去分詞形式,40個左右)

1、簡單陳述去過的動作或狀態(tài)：would do

2、used to do sth 過去常常做(現(xiàn)在不做了);

be used to doing 習慣于做……(現(xiàn)在還在做)

We used to swim in the river when we were in the countryside.

我們過去常在河里游泳。(現(xiàn)在不了)

The old man is used to getting up early in the morning. 老人習慣早起

3、It is …time since +從句引導的時間狀語從句中, since后謂語動詞用一般過去時(自從…以來)

三、一般將來時

1、will(shall)+原形動詞：表示將來的動作或狀態(tài)。

例：He will come and help you. 他會來幫助你的。

2、be going to +動詞原形：表示馬上就要發(fā)生的事情或打算好要做的事。

例：Are you going to attend the lecture? 你打算去聽這個演講嗎?

3、be to +動詞原形： 強調(diào)按安排或計劃\命令要求\命中注定的動作

The Third-Ring Road is to be open to traffic before National Day三環(huán)路將在國慶節(jié)前通車。

You are to do your homework. 你必須先做作業(yè)

Your plan is to fail. 你的計劃注定失敗

4、用某些動詞的現(xiàn)在進行時表達根據(jù)計劃、安排而將于近期(將來)發(fā)生的事情，代表動詞：go ,come, start, stop, arrive， leave， play等

We are leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我們明天動身去北京。

5、一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來(見前一、一般現(xiàn)在時)

四、現(xiàn)在進行時

1、表示說話時(現(xiàn)階段)正在進行的動作。

The teacher is talking with his students. 這位老師正在同他的學生交談

表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，但此刻并不一定在進行。

I am attending a conference in Beijing. 我正在北京參加一個會議。

2、表示經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作，但往往帶有欣賞、厭惡等的感***彩

He is always thinking of others first. 他總是先為別人著想。(欣賞)

Why are you always leaving things behind. 你怎么總是丟三落四的(厭惡)

3、描述某人一時的表現(xiàn)，通常用動詞be 的進行時態(tài)

She is being friendly today. 她今天很友善。(平時不這樣)

五、過去進行時 was/were doing

表示在過去某一段時間正在進行的動作。常需用表示過去的時間狀語或通過上下文來判斷時間。

I fell and hurt myself while I _ A. was playing_ tennis. (98年43題)

重點：when 和while 的區(qū)別

when 表示時間上的點，引導的句子用一般過去時

while 表示持續(xù)的一段時間，引導的句子用過去進行時

六、現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has done(過去分詞)

1、表示過去到現(xiàn)在這段時間完成完成并對現(xiàn)在有影響的動作或狀態(tài)， 常和just, already, so far, yet, up to now, up to the present, recently, lately, in the past few years 連用。

I have seeen the film. 我看過這個電影。(我了解電影的內(nèi)容)

2、表示過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作、狀態(tài)、經(jīng)歷或習慣等，通常和延續(xù)性動詞連用： stay, study, live, to be, teach, work …, 常用since， even since引導的短語或從句，或由for 引導的短語連用。

He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在這兒已經(jīng)三十年了(現(xiàn)在還住在這兒)

Have you even been to Tibet? 你去過西藏嗎?

C。應改為 have had difficulty 。因為ever since 引導句子的時候，從句用過去時，

主句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。(2001年試題)

3、固定句式：it is the first/second/last time that +延續(xù)性動詞過去完成時

It is the first time that I have met Jane. 那是我第一次見到簡。

(2)It is 3 years since I left Shanghai .我離開上海已經(jīng)三年了。

4、現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時

Jone has lived Landon for 10 years. 現(xiàn)在還住

Jone lived Landon for 10 years. 曾經(jīng)住，現(xiàn)在不在了

七、過去完成時 had done

1、表示在過去的某一時刻或動作之前已經(jīng)完成了的動作(即過去的過去)?？捎胋y, uptill, before, after, when等介詞或連詞引導的短語或從句表示。

When I arrived he had left. 我到那他剛走

40、When I went to visit Mrs.Smith last week, I was told she D. had left tow days before. (0311試A)

2、沒有時間狀語時，時間先后收上下文表示：

I didn’t know he had moved out. 我不知道他已經(jīng)搬家了

3、特殊用法：

(1)和before連用，表示“還沒來得及…就…“

She wept before I had realized what was happening.

我還沒明白怎么回事之前她就哭了

2)It was the first/second/last time that + 過去完成時

It was the first time (that) they had tried foreign food.

這是他們第一次吃西餐。

4、常用在no sooner …than…, hardly/scarcely/barely…when…，一…就…。句型之中，句子到裝。

I had no sooner returned than he called.

八、將來完成時：表示在將來某一時間以前已完成或發(fā)生的動作

By the end of next month, he will have been here for 10 years.

到下個月為止，他在這住了10年了

24、I _D.shall have finished _ writing the article by the time you get. (00)

30. By next year he A. has worked in New York for five years. (0411A)

九、現(xiàn)在完成進行時：表示從過去某時一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作 have/has been doing

We have been waiting for you for an hour.

我們等了你一小時了。( 動作到此為止，不持續(xù)下去)

I have been learning English for 10 years.

我學英語10年了。(還要繼續(xù)學下去)

十、過去將來時：表示相對于過去的將來，多見于間接引語 出現(xiàn)在閱讀或完型中形式：?would do 或 was/were going to do

He said that he would watch his car the next day. 他說明天要洗車。

He said that he was going to watch his car the next day.

十一、過去完成進行時：表示過去某一時刻以前一直延續(xù)的的動作 had been doing

They had been waiting for an hour before the bus came.

64. Even though Sedat has been studying English for three years before came to the United States , It is still difficult for him to expresshimself. (0304A)

B. has been 改為 had been

十二、將來完成進行時：表示將來某一時刻以前一直進行的動作。

By next month he will have been working in out factory for 30 years.

到下個月他在我們工廠工作30年了。

41. By the time you arrive this evening, D. I will have been studying for two house. (0411A)

被動語態(tài) to do sth. 一般集中在挑錯題中

特別關(guān)注：不定式的被動式，由主動變被動時to的特殊處理

相關(guān)知識：

A、及物動詞和不及物動詞

及物動詞：后面可直接加賓語(名詞、動名詞、人稱代詞的賓格、數(shù)詞)

不及物動詞：后面不可直接加賓語，+介詞+賓語

有些動詞在不同的句子中既可作及物動詞，也可作不及物動詞。water

49. These part-time students expect to to offer some jobs on campus during the coming summer vacation. (0404A)

答：A，改為to be offed。

offer為及物動詞，后面必須有賓語，若后面賓語，應是被動句

B、行為動詞與系動詞

行為動詞：表示實際動作，包括表示思維活動的詞: want, think…等

系動詞：表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征，be動詞、可放在形容詞前的某些動詞：get、run、turn、smell…等

一、何種情況下可使用被動語態(tài)：

1，強調(diào)動作的接受者。

The kitchen is shared by the three of us. 廚房是我們?nèi)擞谩?/p>

Football is played over of the world. 世界各地都踢足球。

2，不知道或沒必要說明的執(zhí)行者是誰。

The data have been computerized for two years now.

這些數(shù)據(jù)已經(jīng)由計算處理兩年了。

These books are written for children. 這些書是兒童讀物

3，出于禮貌、措辭婉轉(zhuǎn)等原因不方便、不愿意說明動作的執(zhí)行者。

I was told that you are very lazy. 我聽人說你很懶。

The car was damaged. 車撞壞了。

4，避免變換主語，以求行文流暢。

He appeared on the stage and was warmly applaused by the audience.

他出現(xiàn)在舞臺上時，觀眾的熱烈鼓掌。