英國(guó)留學(xué)教育體系主要組成介紹
2024-07-24 15:34:15 來(lái)源：中國(guó)教育在線
很多同學(xué)都很關(guān)注英國(guó)留學(xué)教育體系主要組成介紹這個(gè)問(wèn)題，那么接下來(lái)就跟著中國(guó)教育在線小編一起來(lái)看看吧，相信你通過(guò)以下的文章內(nèi)容就會(huì)有更深入的了解。
第2階段： 7至11歲
關(guān)鍵第3階段： 11至14歲
關(guān)鍵第4階段： 14至16歲
一般來(lái)說(shuō)鍵1和第2階段將在小學(xué)進(jìn)行，并在11歲的學(xué)生將移動(dòng)到中學(xué)，完成關(guān)鍵階段3和4。
學(xué)生在每個(gè)階段結(jié)束時(shí)評(píng)估。最重要的評(píng)估發(fā)生在16歲的時(shí)候，學(xué)生追求自己的GCSE課程或普通中等教育證書。一旦學(xué)生完成他們的GCSE他們有選擇走上繼續(xù)教育，然后是潛在高等教育，或完成學(xué)業(yè)，進(jìn)入工作世界。
我們概述了在英國(guó)的教育體系分為五個(gè)主要部分：
小學(xué)教育
小學(xué)教育5歲開始在英國(guó)，并一直持續(xù)到11歲，包括關(guān)鍵階段，根據(jù)英國(guó)教育體制。小學(xué)教育的更多信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)L問(wèn) 英國(guó)文化協(xié)會(huì)頁(yè)面。
中學(xué)教育
通常對(duì)于大多數(shù)學(xué)生開始在英國(guó)的中學(xué)教育，在年齡為11歲。雖然不常見，在英國(guó)的一些地方，也有運(yùn)行到12或13歲的中學(xué)。
對(duì)于國(guó)際學(xué)生進(jìn)入英國(guó)中學(xué)教育，這是共同進(jìn)入11歲或等到13歲，之前有一年時(shí)間在學(xué)校開始為期兩年的GCSE課程，將運(yùn)行14至16歲。
從11-14歲，學(xué)生將學(xué)習(xí)范圍廣泛的科目，如音樂(lè)，數(shù)學(xué)，科學(xué)，英語(yǔ)等，當(dāng)你到達(dá)14，你一般會(huì)訂立的'第一年，2年的過(guò)程，被稱為你的GCSE（對(duì)于那些誰(shuí)是在蘇格蘭或SCE）。GCSE是一組用來(lái)測(cè)試你的知識(shí)和技能的考試。
大多數(shù)學(xué)校按照同樣的方法，當(dāng)它涉及到的GCSE，你將采取以下核心科目：
英語(yǔ)
數(shù)學(xué)
科學(xué)（合并或獨(dú)立的生物學(xué)，化學(xué)，物理）
學(xué)生通常然后選擇一個(gè)額外的4或5個(gè)科目采取GCSE，他們可以科目，如法語(yǔ)，德語(yǔ)，商務(wù)研究，設(shè)計(jì)與科技，音樂(lè)，體育科學(xué)，地理，歷史和許多其他選項(xiàng)。
在公立學(xué)校的學(xué)生通常需要5至10 GCSE課程，根據(jù)學(xué)生的能力和驅(qū)動(dòng)。對(duì)于獨(dú)立的學(xué)校，通常是帶動(dòng)更多的結(jié)果，它的情況并不少見學(xué)生參加多達(dá)11或12，更注重相比，文科的學(xué)科。
GCSE 2年，并采取一個(gè)全面的，學(xué)生在英國(guó)義務(wù)教育結(jié)束標(biāo)志。一旦他們已經(jīng)完成了GCSE的學(xué)生，然后有選擇要么繼續(xù)教育與高等教育進(jìn)入或離開學(xué)校找工作。
繼續(xù)教育
當(dāng)學(xué)生達(dá)到16歲，并且已經(jīng)完成了他們的GCSE他們有幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)可供選擇：
查找工作
學(xué)歷
職業(yè)資格
如果學(xué)生選擇與他們的教育，這將有兩種形式，無(wú)論是，進(jìn)一步追求學(xué)歷或職業(yè)途徑。
學(xué)歷
大多數(shù)學(xué)校在英國(guó)有什么是所謂的第六屆表，讓學(xué)生進(jìn)入后，他們已經(jīng)采取了他們的GCSE。作為替代方案，有很多的第六屆表格院校，將提供相同的課程，在校學(xué)生不具備第六形式。這里的學(xué)生通常學(xué)習(xí)A-levels課程，進(jìn)一步對(duì)學(xué)生的學(xué)歷要求，才能進(jìn)入更高的教育和學(xué)位課程。
像GCSE課程，A-levels課程，遵循一個(gè)為期兩年的計(jì)劃，他們有兩個(gè)組成部分，全部A-levels課程和一半水平。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，A-levels課程包括6個(gè)模塊，AS-3級(jí)模塊。
學(xué)生一般會(huì)采取兩至三個(gè)A級(jí)，但取決于你的學(xué)術(shù)能力和驅(qū)動(dòng)器，你可能需要更多。獨(dú)立學(xué)校的學(xué)生可能需要的任何地方高達(dá)5級(jí)。
國(guó)際文憑，現(xiàn)在也提供更多的學(xué)校在英國(guó)作為替代A-levels課程，但是這仍然是非常小的。
職業(yè)資格
對(duì)于那些不那么學(xué)術(shù)思想的學(xué)生，他們?nèi)匀挥羞M(jìn)一步的教育，通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)職業(yè)課程，將為他們提供的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教育更雙手放在選項(xiàng)。
最流行的職業(yè)計(jì)劃包括：
BTEC獎(jiǎng)
國(guó)家職業(yè)資格（NVQ）
市和公會(huì)資格
學(xué)徒
高等教育
英國(guó)有一個(gè)巨大的品種提供各種學(xué)位課程的學(xué)生來(lái)自英國(guó)和世界各地的100多所大學(xué)為學(xué)生提供高等教育機(jī)會(huì)。在英國(guó)，大約三分之一的所有學(xué)生去到某種形式的高等教育，這個(gè)數(shù)字是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)50%的學(xué)生來(lái)自蘇格蘭。這使得競(jìng)爭(zhēng)非常激烈的地方，所以建議盡早申請(qǐng)的課程。
在英國(guó)，大部分本科學(xué)位課程需要三年的時(shí)間才能完成，但是，三明治課程越來(lái)越受歡迎，這是四年，并包括一年的工作的地方（通常在你的第三年）。在蘇格蘭，課程長(zhǎng)度為四年本科課程。
對(duì)于研究生或碩士課程，他們一般長(zhǎng)度較短，您的本科課程，畢業(yè)后進(jìn)行。有的專業(yè)學(xué)位，如醫(yī)學(xué)，獸醫(yī)，法律等有較長(zhǎng)的程序，可以多達(dá)五十年。
從2007年開始，在英國(guó)的大學(xué)允許收取學(xué)生來(lái)自英國(guó)每年3070英鎊（取決于學(xué)校和位置）。來(lái)自歐盟的學(xué)生，你也只需要支付相同的費(fèi)用，學(xué)生來(lái)自英國(guó)，但來(lái)自世界各地的國(guó)際學(xué)生將必須支付全額學(xué)費(fèi)，這將取決于對(duì)學(xué)校。這些國(guó)際學(xué)生的費(fèi)用范圍從？4,000每年高達(dá)18,000英鎊一年或一年以上。
入學(xué)要求
英文原文：
The education system in the UK is divided into four main parts, primary education, secondary education, further education and higher education. Children in the UK have to legally attend primary and secondary education which runs from about 5 years old until the student is 16 years old.
The education system in the UK is also split into key stages which breaks down as follows:
Key Stage 1: 5 to 7 years old
Key Stage 2: 7 to 11 years old
Key Stage 3: 11 to 14 years old
Key Stage 4: 14 to 16 years old
Generally key stages 1 and 2 will be undertaken at primary school and at 11 years old a student will move onto secondary school and finish key stages 3 and 4.
Students are assessed at the end of each stage. The most important assessment occurs at age 16 when students pursue their GCSEs or General Certificate of Secondary Education. Once students complete their GCSEs they have the choice to go onto further education and then potential higher education, or finish school and go into the working world.
Our overview of the education system in the UK is divided into five main sections:
Primary Education
Primary education begins in the UK at age 5 and continues until age 11, comprising key stages one and two under the UK educational system. Please visit the British Council page for more information on primary education.
Secondary Education
Secondary education in the UK normally starts for most students at the age of 11 years old. Though not common, in some parts of the UK there are middle schools which run up to 12 or 13 years old.
For international students coming into the UK for secondary education, it is common to either enter at the age of 11 or wait until the age of 13 and have one year in the school before starting the two-year GCSE program which will run from 14 to 16 years old.
From the age of 11-14, students will study a broad range of subjects such as Music, Maths, Sciences, English, etc. When you reach 14, you generally enter into your first year of a 2 year process known as your GCSE （or SCE for those who are in Scotland）。 GCSEs are a set of exams that test your knowledge and skill.
Most schools follow the same method when it comes to GCSEs and you will take the following core subjects:
English
Maths
Sciences （either combined or separate Biology, Chemistry and Physics）
Students typically then select an additional 4 or 5 subjects in which to take GCSEs, and they can be subjects like French, German, Business Studies, Design and Technology, Music, Sports Science, Geography, History and many other options.
At state schools students typically take 5 to 10 GCSEs, depending on the students ability and drive. For independent schools, which are usually a lot more results driven, it is not uncommon for students to take as many as 11 or 12, focusing more on academic subjects compared to the arts subjects.
GCSEs take a total of 2 years and mark the end of compulsory education for students in the UK. Once they have completed their GCSEs students then have the choice to either move into further education （with a view to higher education） or can leave school and look for work.
Further Education
When students reach the age of 16 and have completed their GCSEs they have a few options to choose from:
Find work
Academic Qualifications
Vocational Qualifications
If students opt for carrying on with their education this will take two forms, either by pursuing further academic qualifications or by following a more vocational pathway.
Academic Qualifications
Most schools in the UK have what is called a 6th Form for students to enter after they have taken their GCSEs. As an alternative, there are many 6th Form Colleges that will offer the same courses from students at schools that do not have a 6th form. Here students typically study A-levels, further academic qualifications required of students before they enter higher education and a degree program.
A-levels, like GCSEs, follow a two-year program and there are two components to them, full A-levels and half AS-levels. Generally A-levels comprise of 6 modules, and an AS-level 3 modules.
Students will generally take between two to three A-levels, but depending on your academic ability and drive you may take more. Students at independent schools may take anywhere up to 5 A-levels.
The International Baccalaureate is also now offered by more schools in the UK as an alternative to A-levels, however this is still very small.
Vocational Qualifications
For students who are not so academically minded, they still have the option to further their education by studying a vocational course that will provide them with a more hands on experience and education.
The most popular vocation programs include:
BTEC Awards
National Vocational Qualification （NVQ）
City and Guilds Qualification
Apprenticeships
As most international students coming into the UK will be taking academic programs with the aim of gaining admittance to a degree program we will not provide that much information here but please see the links above to learn more.
Higher Education
The UK has a vast variety of higher education opportunities to offer students with over 100 universities offering various degree programs for students from the UK and around the world. In the UK about one-third of all students go on to some form of higher education and this number is well over 50% for students from Scotland. This makes competition for places very fierce and so it is advised to apply early for courses.
In the UK most undergraduate degree programs take three years to finish; however, the sandwich course is increasing in popularity, which is four years and involves one year in the work place （normally in your third year）。 In Scotland the courses are four years in length for undergraduate programs.
For graduate or masters programs they are generally shorter in length and undertaken after graduation of your undergraduate program. Some professional degrees like medicine, veterinary, law etc. have longer programs that can be as much as five years.
From 2007, universities in the UK are allowed to charge students from the UK up to 3,070 per year （depending on the school and location）。 For students from the EU, you will also only have the pay the same fees as students from the UK, but international students from the rest of the world will have to pay the full school fees which will vary depending on the school. These fees for international students can range anywhere from 4,000 per year right up to 18,000 per year or more.
Entry Requirements
Each level of education in the UK has varying requirements which must be satisfied in order to gain entry at that level - learn more about the education entry requirements for the UK.
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