劍橋雅思14Test2Passage2閱讀答案解析 Back to the future of skyscraper design

劍橋雅思14Test2Passage2閱讀答案解析 Back to the future of skyscraper design

劍橋雅思14 Test2 Passage2閱讀答案解析

第14題答案：F

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F部分第1段：Foul air, rather than germs, was believed to be the main driver of ‘hospital fever’, leading to disease and frequent death. The prosperous steered clear of hospitals.

答案解析：F部分第1段的最后提到，“瘴氣而非病菌被認(rèn)為是“醫(yī)院發(fā)熱”的主要原因，導(dǎo)致疾病和頻繁的死亡。富人都遠(yuǎn)離醫(yī)院”。其中steered clear與題干中avoid對(duì)應(yīng)，而前面的內(nèi)容則解釋了原因，因此判斷答案為F。

第15題答案：C

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：C部分：Short regards glass, steel and air-conditioned skyscrapers as symbols of status

答案解析：C部分最后1句的開頭提到，“Short認(rèn)為玻璃、鋼筋和裝有空調(diào)的摩天大樓是地位的象征”。其中skyscrapers對(duì)應(yīng)tall buildings，而symbols of status則對(duì)應(yīng)prestige，由此確定答案為C。

第16題答案：E

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E部分第1段：We discovered that 19th-century hospital wards could generate up to 24 air changes an hour – that’s similar to the performance of a modern-day, computer-controlled operating theatre.

答案解析：E部分第1段的第1句提到，“19世紀(jì)的醫(yī)院病房一小時(shí)可以產(chǎn)生24次空氣交換，與現(xiàn)在電腦控制的歌劇院效果相同”。即對(duì)19世紀(jì)建筑物的通風(fēng)與現(xiàn)代標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，由此確定答案為E。

第17題答案：D

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D部分第2段：We put pathogens in the airstreams, modelled for someone with tuberculosis (TB) coughing in the wards and we found the ventilation systems in the room would have kept other patients safe from harm.

答案解析：D部分第2段提到，“我們將病原體放入氣流中，模擬結(jié)核病人在病房咳嗽的情況。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)房間里的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)可以保護(hù)其他病人免受危害”。即Short測(cè)試19世紀(jì)建筑物的具體方法，由此確定答案為D。

第18題答案：B

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：B部分第2段：the widespread introduction of air conditioning systems, which were ‘relentlessly and aggressively marketed’ by their inventors.

答案解析：B部分第2段的最后提到，“空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的大規(guī)模使用是由其發(fā)明者時(shí)刻不停、激進(jìn)的市場(chǎng)宣傳造成的”。其中marketed對(duì)ingadvertising，widespread introduction對(duì)應(yīng)large increase，由此確定答案為B。

第19題答案：design(s)

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D部分第1段：Of particular interest were those built to the designs of John Shaw Billings, including the first Johns Hopkins Hospital in the US city of Baltimore (1873-1889).

答案解析：根據(jù)John Shaw Billings定位到D部分的這句話，built與architectural同義替換，由此確定designs為正確答案。除此之外，我們也可以從題干推測(cè)出空上應(yīng)該填一個(gè)名詞，在原文中進(jìn)行篩選之后，只有designs填上去句義合適。這樣子也能確定答案。

第20題答案：pathogens

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D部分第2段：We put pathogens in the airstreams

答案解析：順著上一題往下，根據(jù)air與airstreams的對(duì)應(yīng)定位到這句話，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定答案為pathogens。

第21題答案：tuberculosis

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：D部分第2段：modelled for someone with tuberculosis (TB) coughing in the wards

答案解析：題干問(wèn)的是“遭受什么痛苦的病人”，可以推測(cè)空上填的應(yīng)該是某種疾病或者困難，由此確定tuberculosis為正確答案。

第22題答案：wards

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E部分第1段：We discovered that 19th-century hospital wards could generate up to 24 air changes an hour – that’s similar to the performance of a modern-day, computer-controlled operating theatre

答案解析：順著上一題往下，根據(jù)change定位到E部分的這句話。從題干可以看出，空上應(yīng)該填的是“醫(yī)院哪里的空氣”。原文中填上去語(yǔ)義合適的只有wards，由此鎖定答案。

第23題答案：communal

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：E部分第2段：Communal wards appropriate for certain patients – older people with dementia, for example – would work just as well in today’s hospitals, at a fraction of the energy cost.’

答案解析：這道題的同義替換不太好識(shí)別，難度稍微有些大。首先我們根據(jù)at a fraction of the energy cost與energy use could be reduced的對(duì)應(yīng)定位這句話。然后從題干“他建議通過(guò)將更多的病人安置在什么區(qū)域來(lái)減少能源使用”可以推測(cè)空上應(yīng)該填的是表示具體位置的形容詞。由此確定答案為communal。

第24題答案：public

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F部分第1段：Much of the ingenuity present in 19th-century hospital and building design was driven by a panicked public

答案解析：題干可以翻譯為“19世紀(jì)醫(yī)院提升通風(fēng)能力的主要原因來(lái)自于…的要求”，由此推測(cè)空上應(yīng)該填某種人，鎖定public為正確答案。

第25題答案：miasmas

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F部分第1段：by a panicked public clamouring for buildings that could protect against what was thought to be the lethal threat of miasmas – toxic air that spread disease.

答案解析：從題干中“known as”的提示可以推測(cè)空上應(yīng)該填一個(gè)專有名詞，很容易確定答案為miasmas。

第26題答案：cholera

對(duì)應(yīng)原文：F部分第1段：… were used to explain the spread of infection from the Middle Ages right through to the cholera outbreaks in London and Paris during the 1850s.

答案解析：根據(jù)London和Paris定位到F段的這句話，從epidemics（疫情，流行?。┛梢酝茢喑隹丈蠎?yīng)該填某種具體的疾病，由此鎖定cholera。

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